ASTM A788/A788M-08a
(Specification)Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
Standard Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
ABSTRACT
This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless covered by the individual product specification in another ASTM document, applies to steel forgings for general use. Materials shall be produced primarily by either electric-furnace, basic oxygen, vacuum-induction (VIM), or open-hearth melting process. The primary melting may incorporate separate degassing or refining and may be followed by secondary melting, using electro slag (ESR) or vacuum arc remelting (VAR). Steel shall be forged by any of these three classes based on forging temperature: cold-worked forging, hot-cold-worked forging, or hot-worked forging. After forging, specimens shall be allowed to cool prior to reheating for heat treatment. Details of heat and product analyses for the evaluation of chemical composition are thoroughly discussed. Tension and hardness tests shall be conducted to evaluate mechanical properties such as percentage of elongation and reduction of area. Repair welding shall not be allowed unless permitted by the product specification.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM: ASTM
DesignationTitle A 266/A 266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A 288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators A 289/A 289MAlloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retaining Rings for Generators A 290/A 290MCarbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for Reduction Gears A 291/A 291MSteel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions, Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears A 336/A 336MAlloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-Temperature Parts A 372/A 372MCarbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-Walled Pressure Vessels A 427Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot Reduction A 469/A 469MVacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator Rotors A 470/A 470MVacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts A 471Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels A 508/A 508MQuenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessels A 521Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for General Industrial Use A 541/A 541MQuenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A 579/A 579MSuperstrength Alloy Steel Forgings A 592/A 592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels A 649/A 649MForged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Paper Machinery A 668/A 668MSteel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General Industrial Use A 723/A 723MAlloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pressure Component Application A 765/A 765MCarbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-Vessel-Component Forgings with Mandatory Toughness Requirements A 768/A 768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Steel Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts A 837/A 837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applications A 859/A 859MAge-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Components A 891 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and Wheels A 909Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Industrial Use A 940Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differentially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors A 965/A 965MSteel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and High Temperature Parts A 983/A 983MSpecification for Continous Grain Flow Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts for Medium Speed Diesel Engines A 1021/A 1021MMartensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and Forging Stock for High-Temperature Service
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this specification.
1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see 4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of ei...
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An American National Standard
Designation: A788/A788M – 08a
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Forgings, General Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA788/A788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
A668/A668M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General
Industrial Use
2
1.1 This specification covers a group of common require-
A723/A723M Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pres-
ments that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product
sure Component Application
A765/A765M Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-
specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the
Vessel-Component Forgings with Manda-
following specifications issued by ASTM:
tory Toughness Requirements
ASTM A768/A768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
Designation Title
A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel A837/A837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applica-
tions
Components
A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic A859/A859M Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessel Components
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain- A891 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy
Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and
ing Rings for Generators
Wheels
A290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
A909 Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Indus-
Reduction Gears
trial Use
A291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
A940 Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differ-
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
entially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors
A336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
A965/A965M Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and
Temperature Parts
High Temperature Parts
A372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
A983/A983M Specification for Continous Grain Flow
Walled Pressure Vessels
Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts
A427 Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
for Medium Speed Diesel Engines
Reduction
A1021/A1021M Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and
A469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Ser-
Rotors
vice
A470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of
A471 Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels
the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of
A508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
this specification.
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see
sure Vessels
A521 Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this
General Industrial Use
specification or of the individual product specifications. The
A541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
nents
dependent on negotiations with the supplier and must be
A579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
included in the order.
A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
1.4 If, by agreement, forgings are to be supplied in a
Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for
Pressure Vessels
partially completed condition, that is, all of the provisions of
A649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
the product specification have not been filled, then the material
per Machinery
marking (see Section 17) and certification (see Section 16)
shall reflect the extent to which the product specification
1
requirements have been met.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
1.5 As noted in the Certification Section (16), the number
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
andyeardateofthisspecification,aswellasthatoftheproduct
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008. Published November 2008. Originally
specification, are required to be included in the product
approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A788/A788M – 08.
DOI: 10.1520/A0788_A0788M-08A. certification.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SA–788 in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:A 788/A 788M–08 Designation: A788/A788M – 08a
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Forgings, General Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA788/A788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product
specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:
ASTM
Designation Title A 266/A 266M
ASTM
Designation Title
A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
Components A 288
A266/A266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
Components
A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A 289/A 289M
A288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain-
ing Rings for Generators A 290/A 290M
A289/A289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain-
ing Rings for Generators
A290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
Reduction Gears A 291/A 291M
A290/A290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
Reduction Gears
A291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A 336/A 336M
A291/A291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
Temperature Parts A 372/A 372M
A336/A336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
Temperature Parts
A372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
Walled Pressure Vessels A 427
A372/A372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
Walled Pressure Vessels
A427 Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
Reduction A 469/A 469M
A427 Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
Reduction
A469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
Rotors A 470/A 470M
A469/A469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
Rotors
A470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A 471
A470/A470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved MayNov. 1, 2008. Published MayNovember 2008. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as A 788/A
788M–06. A788/A788M – 08. DOI: 10.1520/A0788_A0788M-08A.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA–788 in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A788/A788M – 08a
A471 Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels A 508/
A 508M
A471 Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessels A 521
A508/A508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessels
A521 Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
General Industrial Use A 541/A 541M
A521 Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
General Industrial Use
A541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
nents A 579/A 579M
A541/A541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
nents
A579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings A 592/
A 592M
A579/A579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for
Pressure Vessels A 649/A 649M
A592/A592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for
Pressure Vessels
A649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
per Machinery A 668/A 668M
A649/A649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
per Machinery
A668/A668M Steel
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:A 788/A 788M–08 Designation: A 788/A 788M – 08a
Standard Specification for
1
Steel Forgings, General Requirements
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA788/A788M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise specified in the individual product
specification, shall apply to steel forgings under any of the following specifications issued by ASTM:
ASTM
Designation Title
A 266/A 266M Carbon Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel
Components
A 288 Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Magnetic
Retaining Rings for Turbine Generators
A 289/A 289M Alloy Steel Forgings for Nonmagnetic Retain-
ing Rings for Generators
A 290/A 290M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Rings for
Reduction Gears
A 291/A 291M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for Pinions,
Gears, and Shafts for Reduction Gears
A 336/A 336M Alloy Steel Forgings for Pressure and High-
Temperature Parts
A 372/A 372M Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Thin-
Walled Pressure Vessels
A 427 Wrought Alloy Steel Rolls for Cold and Hot
Reduction
A 469/A 469M Vacuum-Treated Steel Forgings for Generator
Rotors
A 470/A 470M Vacuum-Treated Carbon and Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
A 471 Vacuum-Treated Alloy Steel Forgings for Tur-
bine Rotor Disks and Wheels
A 508/A 508M Quenched and Tempered Vacuum-Treated
Carbon and Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessels
A 521 Steel, Closed-Impression Die Forgings for
General Industrial Use
A 541/A 541M Quenched and Tempered Carbon and Alloy
Steel Forgings for Pressure Vessel Compo-
nents
A 579/A 579M Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings
A 592/A 592M High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-
Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for
Pressure Vessels
A 649/A 649M Forged Steel Rolls Used for Corrugating Pa-
per Machinery
A 668/A 668M Steel Forgings, Carbon and Alloy, for General
Industrial Use
A 723/A 723M Alloy Steel Forgings for High-Strength Pres-
sure Component Application
A 765/A 765M Carbon Steel and Low-Alloy Steel Pressure-
Vessel-Component Forgings with Manda-
tory Toughness Requirements
A 768/A 768M Vacuum-Treated 12 % Chromium Alloy Steel
Forgings for Turbine Rotors and Shafts
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved MayNov. 1, 2008. Published MayNovember 2008. Originally approved in 1984. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
A 788/A 788M – 068.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SA–788 in Section II of that code.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A 788/A 788M – 08a
A 837/A 837M Steel Forgings, Alloy, for Carburizing Applica-
tions
A 859/A 859M Age-Hardening Alloy Steel Forgings for Pres-
sure Vessel Components
A 891 Precipitation Hardening Iron Base Superalloy
Forgings for Turbine Rotor Disks and
Wheels
A 909 Steel Forgings, Microalloy, for General Indus-
trial Use
A 940 Vacuum Treated Steel Forgings, Alloy, Differ-
entially Heat Treated, for Turbine Rotors
A 965/A 965M Steel Forgings, Austenitic, for Pressure and
High Temperature Parts
A 983/A 983M Specification for Continous Grain Flow
Forged Carbon and Alloy Steel Crankshafts
for Medium Speed Diesel Engines
A 1021/A 1021M Martensitic Stainless Steel Forgings and
Forging Stock for High-Temperature Ser-
vice
1.2 In case of conflict in requirements, the requirements of the individual product specifications shall prevail over those of this
specification.
1.3 The purchaser may specify additional requirements (see 4.2.3) that do not negate any of the provisions of either this
specification or of the individual product specifications. The acceptance of any such additional requirements shall be dependent
on negotiations with the supplier and must be included in the order.
1.4 If, by agreement, forgings are to be supplied in
...
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