ASTM D3802-79(1999)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 3802 – 79 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Test Method for
Ball-Pan Hardness of Activated Carbon
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3802; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2.1 nominal particle size: natural, granular, and irregu-
larly shaped particle carbons—that particle size range, ex-
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for determining
pressed in terms of Specification E 11 sieve sizes, whose small
the ball-pan hardness number of granular activated carbons.
end excludes not more than 5 % of the particle size distribu-
For the purpose of this test, granular activated carbons are
tion, and whose large end excludes not more than 5 % of the
those having particles 90 % of which are larger than 80 mesh
distribution, on a weight basis.
(180 µm) as determined by Test Method D 2862.
3.2.2 nominal particle size: pelleted carbons— that particle
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
sizerange,expressedintermsofSpecificationE 11sievesizes,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
whose small end excludes not more than 10 % of the particle
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
size distribution, and whose large end excludes not more than
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5 % of the distribution, on a weight basis.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 small end nominal particle size—that particle size,
2. Referenced Documents
expressed by its equivalent Specification E 11 sieve, which
defines the excluded portion of the particle size distribution at
2.1 ASTM Standards:
its small particle size end in accordance with 3.2.1 or 3.2.2.
B 19 Specification for Cartridge Brass Sheet, Strip, Plate,
Bar, and Disks (Blanks)
4. Summary of Test Method
B 150 Specification for Aluminum Bronze Rod, Bar, and
4.1 Ascreened and weighed sample of the carbon is placed
Shapes
in a special hardness pan with a number of stainless steel balls,
D 2652 Terminology Relating to Activated Carbon
then subjected to a combined rotating and tapping action for 30
D 2854 Test Method for Apparent Density of Activated
min. At the end of this period, the amount of particle size
Carbon
degradationisdeterminedbymeasuringthequantityofcarbon,
D 2862 Test Method for Particle Size Distribution of
by weight, which is retained on a sieve whose openings are
Granular Activated Carbon
3 closest to one half the openings of the sieve that defines the
D 2867 Test Method for Moisture in Activated Carbon
minimum nominal particle size of the original sample.
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
poses
5. Significance and Use
E 300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
5.1 Several methods have been employed in the past for
3. Terminology determining the resistance of activated carbons to particle size
degradation under service conditions, including the ball-pan
3.1 General—Terms applicable to this standard are defined
method, the stirring bar method, and the dust elutriation
in Terminology D 2652.
method. None of these has proved completely satisfactory for
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
all applications, and all have been questioned by ASTM
Committee D-28 on Activated Carbon as tests for establishing
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-28 on degradation resistance. However, the ball-pan method has been
Activated Carbon and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D28.04 on Gas
used widely in the past and has a broad history in the activated
Phase Evaluation Tests.
carbon industry for measuring the property loosely described
Current edition approved June 29, 1979. Published May 1980.
as “hardness.” In this context the test is useful in establishing
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.01.
ameasurablecharacteristicofacarbon.Concedingthefactthat
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
the test does not actually measure in-service resistance to
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 3802 – 79 (1999)
degradation, it can be used to establish the comparability of 8. Calibration
lots ostensibly of the same grade of carbon.
8.1 Calibration of balances shall be maintained by standard
laboratory methods. Sieves shall be calibrated at reasonable
6. Apparatus and Materials
intervals in accordance with the procedure described in Speci-
fication E 11.
6.1 Mechanical Sieve Shaker,designedtoproducefrom140
to 160 taps and from 280 to 320 rotating motions per minute in
a stack of standard Specification E 11 sieves. Adjust the sieve 9. Procedure
shaker to accommodate the desired number of sieves, receiver
9.1 Determine the nominal particle size of the sample in
pan, and sieve cover. Adjust the bottom stops to give a
accordance with Test Method D 2862, and its moisture content
clearance of approximately 1.6 mm between the bottom plate
in accordance with Test Method D 2867.
and the sieves so that the sieves will be free to rotate. Fit the
9.2 Obtain an additional representative sample of approxi-
cover plate with a cork stopper which extends from 3.2 to 9.5
mately 125 mL of the carbon in accordance with Practice
mm above the metal recess.
E 300.
6.2 Wire Cloth Sieves, in accordance with Specification
9.3 Screen this sample to its nominal particle size distribu-
E 11; six required, at least four of which bracket the expected
tionusingTestMethodD 2862.Discardthefractionsabovethe
nominal particle size distribution of the sample, and one of
larger and below the smaller nominal particle size. Obtain at
which, designated the hardness test sieve, has an opening as
least 100 mL of material within the nominal mesh size range.
close as possible to one half the opening of the sieve that
Use additional material obtained as in 9.2, if necessary.
definesthesmallernominalparticlesizeoftheoriginalsample.
9.4 Measureout100mLofthescreenedsampleintoatared,
Table 1 lists the hardness test si
...