ASTM C507M-22

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C507M − 20 C507M − 22
Standard Specification for
Reinforced Concrete Elliptical Culvert, Storm Drain, and
Sewer Pipe (Metric)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C507M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification covers reinforced elliptically shaped concrete pipe to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial
wastes, storm water, and for the construction of culverts.
1.2 Pipe designed for placement with the major axis horizontal shall be designated as “Horizontal Elliptical Pipe.” Pipe designed
for placement with the major axis vertical shall be designated as “Vertical Elliptical Pipe.”
1.3 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C507; therefore, no inch-pound equivalents are presented in this
specification. Reinforced concrete pipe that conforms to the requirements of C507 are acceptable under this Specification C507M
unless prohibited by the owner.
NOTE 1—This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or the relationship
between field load condition and the strength classification of pipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance of this product
depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, type of bedding and backfill, and care that the installation conforms to construction specifications.
The owner of the reinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the field requirements with the class of pipe specified and
provide inspection at the construction site.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural Steel
A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement
A1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete
C33/C33M Specification for Concrete Aggregates
C150/C150M Specification for Portland Cement
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 on Reinforced Sewer
and Culvert Pipe.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2020Sept. 1, 2022. Published September 2020September 2022. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20192020
as C507M - 19a.C507M - 20. DOI: 10.1520/C0507M-20.10.1520/C0507M-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C507M − 22
C260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Concrete
C309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete
C443M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets (Metric)
C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
C497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Concrete Box Sections, Manhole Sections, or Tile (Metric)
C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and Related Products
C989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
C990M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants
(Metric)
C1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing Concrete (Withdrawn 2022)
C1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete
C1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement Concrete
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.
4. Classification
4.1 Pipe manufactured according to this specification shall be of five classes each for horizontal elliptical and vertical elliptical
pipe with identification as follows:
Horizontal Elliptical Pipe Vertical Elliptical Pipe
Class HE-A Class VE-II
Class HE-I Class VE-III
Class HE-II Class VE-IV
Class HE-III Class VE-V
Class HE-IV Class VE-VI
4.2 The strength requirements for horizontal elliptical pipe are prescribed in Table 1 and for vertical elliptical pipe are prescribed
in Table 2.
5. Basis of Acceptance
5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of, or before, placing an order, there are two separate and alternative
bases of acceptance. Independent of the method of acceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in. crack and
ultimate strength requirements specified in Table 1.
5.1.1 Acceptance on Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests, Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Visual Defects
and Imperfections—Acceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be
determined by the results of the three-edge-bearing tests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5
and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visual inspection of the finished
pipe to determine its conformance with the accepted design prescribed and its freedom from defects.
5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Test and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and Imperfections—Acceptability
of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the results of such material
tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6; by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders; by an absorption test
of the concrete from the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on an order; and by inspection of the finished pipe,
including amount and placement of reinforcement, to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from
defects.
5.1.3 When agreed upon by the owner and the manufacturer, any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or 5.1.2
may form the basis of acceptance.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
C507M − 22
A
TABLE 1 Design Requirements for Horizontal Elliptical (HE) Pipe
NOTE 1—The test load in kilonewtons per linear metre equals D-load × inside span in millimetres.
NOTE 2—Single cage reinforcement, providing tension steel at the top, bottom, and springline, shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement.
The area of such reinforcement shall be 112 % of the tabulated inner cage area.
NOTE 3—An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 1.
NOTE 4—An inner and outer cage plus a middle cage shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 2.
Reinforcement, cm /linear m
Class Class Class Class Class
HE-A HE-I HE-II HE-III HE-IV
Designated Di- Minimum
Designated
ameter, Equiva- Wall D-Loads
Rise, mm ×
lent Round Thickness,
0.3 = 30 0.3 = 40 0.3 = 50 0.3 = 65 0.3 = 100
Span, mm
Size, mm mm
Ult = 45 Ult = 60 Ult = 75 Ult = 100 Ult = 150
In Out In Out In Out In Out In Out
Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage
375 300 × 480 63 1.5 . . . 1.5 . . . 1.5 . . . 1.9 . . . 3.4 . . .
450 365 × 575 69 1.7 . . . 2.3 . . . 3.0 . . . 4.0 . . . 5.7 . . .
600 490 × 770 82 2.3 . . . 3.2 . . . 4.0 . . . 5.5 . . . 8.3 . . .
675 550 × 865 88 3.0 . . . 3.8 . . . 4.9 . . . 6.6 . . . 9.7 . . .
750 610 × 960 94 2.1 2.1 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.6 4.9 4.9 7.2 7.2
825 670 × 1055 94 2.5 2.5 3.6 3.6 4.4 4.4 5.9 5.9 8.7 8.7
900 730 × 1150 113 2.3 2.3 3.2 3.2 4.0 4.0 5.5 5.5 8.3 8.3
975 795 × 1250 119 2.8 2.8 3.6 3.6 4.4 4.4 6.1 6.1 9.3 9.3
1050 855 × 1345 125 3.2 3.2 4.2 4.2 5.1 5.1 7.0 7.0 10.6 10.6
1200 975 × 1535 138 3.6 3.6 4.9 4.9 5.9 5.9 8.3 8.3 . . . . . .
1350 1095 × 1730 150 4.2 4.2 5.7 5.7 7.2 7.2 9.5 9.5 . . . . . .
1500 1220 × 1920 163 5.1 5.1 6.8 6.8 8.5 8.5 11.2 11.2 . . . . . .
1650 1340 × 2110 175 5.7 5.7 7.6 7.6 9.5 9.5 12.9 12.9 . . . . . .
1800 1465 × 2305 188 6.6 6.6 8.7 8.7 11.0 11.0 14.8 14.8 . . . . . .
1950 1585 × 2495 200 7.2 7.2 9.5 9.5 11.9 11.9 16.5 16.5 . . . . . .
2100 1705 × 2690 213 8.0 8.0 10.6 10.6 13.3 13.3 18.6 18.6 . . . . . .
2250 1830 × 2880 225 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2400 1950 × 3070 238 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2550 2075 × 3265 244 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2700 2195 × 3455 250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2850 2315 × 3648 263 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3000 2440 × 3840 275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3300 2680 × 4225 300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3600 2925 × 4610 325 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B
Concrete strength , MPa 27.6 27.6 27.6 †450 to 1650 27.6
mm, 27.6
†1800 to 2100
mm, 34.5
A
Concrete strength for designs with reinforcement tabulated. For modified or special designs, see 7.3.
B
For sizes and loads beyond those shown in this table, pipe designs are available that make use of one or a combination of the following: shear steel, multiple cages,
or thicker walls in accordance with the provisions of 7.3.
5.2 Age for Acceptance—Pipe shall be considered ready for acceptance when they conform to the requirements as indicated by
the specified tests.
6. Materials
6.1 Reinforced Concrete—The reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, admixtures, if used,
and water, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together.
6.2 Cementitious Materials:
6.2.1 Cement—Cement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M, or shall be portland
blast-furnace slag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements of
Specification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.
6.2.2 Slag Cement—Slag cement shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 of Specification C989/C989M.
C507M − 22
A
TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Vertical Elliptical Pipe
NOTE 1—Test load in kilonewtons per linear metre equals D-load × inside span in millimetres.
NOTE 2—An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 3.
NOTE 3—Single cage reinforcement, providing tension steel at the top, bottom, and spring line shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement.
The area of such reinforcement shall be 112 % of the tabulated inner cage area.
NOTE 4—An inner and outer cage plus a middle cage shall be permitted instead of double cage reinforcement. The area of such reinforcement shall
be in accordance with Fig. 4.
Reinforcement, cm /linear m
Class Class Class Class Class
VE-II VE-III VE-IV VE-V VE-VI
Designated Di- Minimum
Designated
ameter, Equiva- Wall D-Loads
Rise, mm ×
lent Round Thickness,
0.3 = 50 0.3 = 65 0.3 = 100 0.3 = 140 0.3 = 190
Span, mm
Size, mm mm
Ult = 75 Ult = 100 Ult = 150 Ult = 175 Ult = 235
In Out In Out In Out In Out In Out
Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage Cage
900 1150 × 730 113 1.7 1.1 2.3 1.5 3.4 2.1 4.9 3.0 6.6 4.0
975 1250 × 795 119 1.9 1.1 2.5 1.5 3.8 2.3 5.5 3.4 7.4 4.4
1050 1345 × 855 125 2.1 1.3 2.8 1.7 4.2 2.5 6.1 3.6 8.0 4.9
1200 1535 × 975 138 2.3 1.5 3.2 1.9 4.7 2.8 7.0 4.2 9.3 5.5
1350 1730 × 1095 150 2.8 1.7 3.8 2.3 5.7 3.4 8.5 5.1 11.2 5.8
1500 1920 × 1220 163 3.4 2.1 4.4 2.8 6.6 4.0 9.9 5.9 . . . . . .
1650 2110 × 1340 175 3.8 2.3 5.3 3.2 7.6 4.7 11.6 7.0 . . . . . .
1800 2305 × 1465 188 4.4 2.8 5.9 3.6 8.7 5.3 . . . . . . . . . . . .
1950 2495 × 1585 200 4.9 3.0 6.6 4.0 9.9 5.9 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2100 2690 × 1705 213 5.5 3.4 7.4 4.4 11.2 6.8 . . . . . . . . . . . .
2250 2880 × 1830 225 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2400 3070 × 1950 238 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2550 3265 × 2075 244 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2700 3455 × 2195 250 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2850 3648 × 2315 263 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3000 3840 × 2440 275 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3300 4225 × 2680 300 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3600 4610 × 2925 325 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B
Concrete strength , MPa 27.6 27.6 27.6 34.5 41.4
A
For sizes and loads beyond those shown in this table, pipe designs are available which make use of one or a combination of the following: shear steel, multiple cages,
or thicker walls in accordance with the provisions of 7.3.
B
Concrete strength for designs with reinforcement tabulated. For modified or special designs, see 7.3.
6.2.3 Fly Ash—Fly ash shall conform to the requirements of Class F or Class C of Specification C618.
6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious Materials—The combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shall
be one of the following:
6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,
6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,
6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,
6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,
6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,
6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash,
6.2.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, slag cement, and fly ash, or
6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash.
C507M − 22
6.3 Aggregates—Aggregates shall conform to the requirements of Specification C33/C33M except that the requirement for
gradation shall not apply.
6.4 Admixtures—The following admixtures and blends are allowable:
6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification C260/C260M;
6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification C494/C494M;
6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and
6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.
6.5 Steel Reinforcement—Reinforcement shall consist of wire or welded wire conforming to Specification A1064/A1064M, or of
bars conforming to Specification A36/A36M, Specification A615/A615M Grade 280 or 420, or Specification A706/A706M Grade
420. For helically wound cages only, weld shear tests are not required.
6.6 Fibers—Synthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall be allowed to be used, at the manufacturer’s option, in concrete pipe as
a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers (Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type 1) designed and
manufactured specifically for use in concrete and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall be
accepted.
6.7 Water—Water used in the production of concrete shall be potable or non-potable water that meets the requirements of
Specification C1602/C1602M.
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area (A'si) of the inner cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall not be less than that specified for the
inner cage in Table 1.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area (Aso) of the outer cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall not be less than that specified for the
outer cage in Table 1.
NOTE 3—The reinforcement area (Asi) of the inner cage in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the inner cage in Table
1.
NOTE 4—The reinforcement area (A'so) of the outer cage in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the outer cage in Table
1.
FIG. 1 Quadrant Reinforcement, Horizontal Elliptical Pipe
C507M − 22
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Table 1.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area of the outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Table 1.
FIG. 2 Horizontal Elliptical Pipe
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area (Asi) of the inner cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall not be less than that specified for the
inner cage in Table 2.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area (Aso) of the outer cage plus the quadrant mat in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall not be less than that specified for the
outer cage in Table 2.
NOTE 3—The reinforcement area (A'si) of the inner cage in Quadrants 3 and 4 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the inner cage in Table
2.
NOTE 4—The reinforcement area (A'so) of the outer cage in Quadrants 1 and 2 shall be not less than 25 % of that specified for the outer cage in Table
2.
FIG. 3 Quadrant Reinforcement, Vertical Elliptical Pipe
7. Design
7.1 Size and Shape—The standard sizes of elliptical pipe shall be as listed in Table 1 and Table 2. The internal shape for each size
pipe shall be defined by the internal dimensions shown in Fig. 5, subject to permissible variations.
7.2 Design Tables—The wall thickness, compressive strength of concrete, and the area of circumferential reinforcement shall be
as prescribed in Table 1 and Table 2, subject to the provisions of 7.3, 11.4, and Section 12.
7.2.1 Footnotes to the tables herein are intended to be amplications of the tabulated requirements and are to be considered
applicable and binding as if they were contained in the body of the specification.
7.3 Modified and Special Designs:
7.3.1 If permitted by the owner, the manufacturer may request approval by the owner of modified designs which differ from the
C507M − 22
NOTE 1—The total reinforcement area of the inner cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Table 2.
NOTE 2—The total reinforcement area of the outer cage plus the middle cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Table 2.
FIG. 4 Vertical Elliptical Pipe
designs in this section; or special designs for sizes and loads beyond those shown in Table 1 and Table 2; or special designs for
pipe sizes that do not have steel reinforcement areas shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
7.3.2 Such modified and special designs shall be based on rational or empirical evaluations of the ultimate strength and cracking
behavior of pipe and shall fully describe to the owner any deviations from the requirements of this section. The descriptions of
modified or special designs shall include the wall thickness, the concrete strength, and the area, type, placement, number of layers,
and strength of the steel reinforcement.
7.3.3 The manufacturer shall submit to the owner proof of the adequacy of the proposed modified and special design. Such proof
may comprise the submission of certified three-edge-bearing tests already made, which are acceptable to the owner or, if such
three-edge-bearing tests are not available or acceptable, the manufacturer may be required to perform proof tests on sizes and
classes selected by the owner to demonstrate to the correctness and adequacy of the proposed design.
7.3.4 Such pipe shall meet all of the test and performance requirements specified by the owner in accordance with Section 5.
7.4 Area—In this specification, when the word area is not described by adjectives, such as cross-section or single wire, it shall be
understood to be the cross-sectional area of reinforcement per unit lengths of pipe.
8. Reinforcement
8.1 Circumferential Reinforcement—A line of circumferential reinforcement for any given total area may be composed of two
layers for pipe with wall thicknesses of less than 180 mm or three layers for pipe with wall thicknesses of 180 mm or greater. The
layers shall not be separated by more than the thickness of one longitudinal plus 6 mm. The multiple layers shall be fastened
together to form a single cage. All other specification requirements such as laps, welds, and tolerances of placement in the wall
of the pipe, etc., shall apply to this method of fabricating a line of reinforcement.
8.1.1 Where one line of reinforcement is used, it shall be placed so that the cover of the concrete over the circumferential
reinforcement at the vertical and horizontal diameters of the pipe is 25 mm from the inside and outside surfaces of the pipe, except
for wall thicknesses less than 62 mm, the protective cover of the concrete over the circumferential reinforcement in the wall of
the pipe shall be 18 mm.
8.1.2 Where two lines of reinforcement of elliptical shape corresponding to the contour of the pipe are used, each line shall be
so placed that the covering of concrete over the reinforcement is 25 mm.
8.1.3 The location of the reinforcement shall be subject to the permissible variations in dimensions given in 11.5. Requirements
for placement and protective covering of the concrete from the inner or outer surface of the pipe do not apply to that portion of
a cage which is flared so as to extend into the bell or reduced in diameter so as to extend into the spigot.
8.1.3.1 Where the wall reinforcement does not extend into the joint, the maximum longitudinal distance to the last circumferential
from the inside shoulder of the bell or the shoulder of the spigot shall be 75 mm except that if this distance exceed one-half the
wall thickness, the pipe wall shall contain at least a total reinforcement area of the minimum specified area per linear foot times
the laying length of the pipe section. The minimum cover on the last circumferenti
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