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ASTM E3096-17

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes

Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides methods for developing environmental sustainability KPIs at the manufacturing process level.  
4.2 This guide provides standard approaches for systematically identifying, defining, selecting, and organizing KPIs for determining the impact of manufacturing processes on the environment.  
4.3 This guide is intended for those who need effective KPIs to assess manufacturing process performance, raise understanding, inform decision-makers, and establish objectives for improvement.  
4.4 If the number of stakeholders is small and the manufacturing processes are simple, KPI developers can follow the first two steps (5.2 Establishing KPI Objectives and 5.3 Defining needed KPIs) of this guide. The steps that follow include KPI selection, normalization and weighting, and KPI organization. They can be applied to larger groups of stakeholders and more complex manufacturing processes. Users of this guide can determine the number of steps they will follow because the decision is highly dependent upon the products that they make and the processes that they use.  
4.5 The guide enables the development of tools for KPI management and performance evaluation that will support decision-making capabilities in a manufacturing facility, including the development and extension of standardized data, performance information, and environmental knowledge.  
4.6 Procedures outlined in this guide are intended for environmental KPIs, and they also can be applied to broader sustainability KPIs as in Guide E2986.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide addresses Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) for environmental aspects of manufacturing processes.  
1.2 This guide provides a procedure for identifying candidate KPIs from existing sources for environmental aspects of manufacturing processes.  
1.3 This guide provides a procedure for defining new candidate KPIs that are not available from existing sources for environmental aspects of manufacturing processes.  
1.4 This guide defines a methodology for selecting effective KPIs from a list of candidate KPIs based on KPI criteria selected from Appendix X3 or defined by users.  
1.5 This guide provides a procedure for normalizing KPIs, assigning weights to those KPIs, and aligning them to environmental objectives.  
1.6 KPIs of Manufacturing Operation Management activities as defined in IEC 62264-1 are out of the scope since they are specifically addressed in ISO 22400-2.  
1.7 How to evaluate environmental impacts is out of the scope since it is addressed in Guide E2986.  
1.8 This guide can be used to complement other standards that address environmental aspects of manufacturing processes, for example, Guide E2986, Terminology E2987/E2987M, and Guide E3012.  
1.9 This guide does not purport to address the security risks associated with manufacturing and environmental information. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to follow practices and establish appropriate information technology related security measures.  
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Jun-2017
ICS
03.100.01 - Company organization and management in general
Technical Committee
E60 - Sustainability
Drafting Committee
E60.13 - Sustainable Manufacturing
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM E3096-18 - Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018
Referred By
ASTM E3012-22 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Jul-2017
Referred By
ASTM E3200-21 - Standard Guide for Investment Analysis in Environmentally Sustainable Manufacturing
Effective Date
01-Jul-2017

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ASTM E3096-17 - Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing ProcessesASTM E3096-17 - Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
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ASTM E3096-17 - Standard Guide for Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing Processes
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E3096 −17
Standard Guide for
Definition, Selection, and Organization of Key Performance
Indicators for Environmental Aspects of Manufacturing
1
Processes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3096; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
1.1 This guide addresses Key Performance Indicators
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
(KPIs) for environmental aspects of manufacturing processes.
1.11 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 This guide provides a procedure for identifying candi-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
date KPIs from existing sources for environmental aspects of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
manufacturing processes.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.3 This guide provides a procedure for defining new
candidate KPIs that are not available from existing sources for Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
environmental aspects of manufacturing processes.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 Thisguidedefinesamethodologyforselectingeffective
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
KPIs from a list of candidate KPIs based on KPI criteria
E2114TerminologyforSustainabilityRelativetothePerfor-
selected from Appendix X3 or defined by users.
mance of Buildings
1.5 This guide provides a procedure for normalizing KPIs,
E2986Guide for Evaluation of Environmental Aspects of
assigning weights to those KPIs, and aligning them to envi-
Sustainability of Manufacturing Processes
ronmental objectives.
E2987/E2987MTerminologyforSustainableManufacturing
E3012Guide for Characterizing Environmental Aspects of
1.6 KPIs of Manufacturing Operation Management activi-
Manufacturing Processes
ties as defined in IEC 62264-1 are out of the scope since they
3
2.2 IEC Standard:
are specifically addressed in ISO 22400-2.
IEC 62264-1Enterprise-control system integration–Part 1:
1.7 How to evaluate environmental impacts is out of the
Models and terminology
scope since it is addressed in Guide E2986.
4
2.3 ISO Standards:
1.8 This guide can be used to complement other standards
ISO 14001Environmental management–Requirements with
that address environmental aspects of manufacturing
guidance for use
processes, for example, Guide E2986, Terminology E2987/
ISO 14044Environmental management–Life cycle assess-
E2987M, and Guide E3012.
ment–Requirements and guidelines
ISO 20140-1Automation systems and integration–Eval-
1.9 This guide does not purport to address the security risks
uating energy efficiency and other factors of manufactur-
associatedwithmanufacturingandenvironmentalinformation.
ing systems that influence the environment–Part 1: Over-
It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to follow
view and general principles
practices and establish appropriate information technology
related security measures.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
Available from International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), 3, rue de
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability Varembé, 1st Floor, P.O. Box 131, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E60.13 on Sustainable Manufac- www.iec.ch.
4
turing. Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), ISO
Current edition approved July 1, 2017. Published August 2017. DOI: 10.1520/ Central Secretariat, BIBC II, Chemin de Blandonnet 8, CP 401, 1214 Vernier,
E3096-17. Geneva, Switzerland, http://www.iso.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E3096−17
ISO 22400-1Automation systems and integration–Key Per- cluding the development and extension of standardized data,
formance Indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations performance information, and environmental knowledge.
management–Part 1: Overview, concepts, and terminol-
4.6 Procedures outlined in this guide are intended for
ogy
environmental KPIs, and they also can be applied to broad
...

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2.1 The terminology included in this standard is intended to provide definitions for sustainable manufacturing terms. This standard is intended to be referenced by other sustainable manufacturing standards.  
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1.1 The standard includes terminology applicable to sustainable manufacturing.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a reference to the manufacturing community for the evaluation of environmental sustainability aspects of manufacturing processes. This guide is intended to improve efficiencies and consistencies of informal methods by providing procedures for consistent evaluations of manufacturing processes.  
4.2 This guide describes a procedure to identify parameters and models for evaluating sustainability metrics for a particular process. Users of this guide will benefit from insight into the sustainability implications of selected processes as well as the contributing factors.
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1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide introduces decision support methods that can be used to improve sustainability performance.  
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1.4 This guide focuses on environmental sustainability impacts, though social and economic impacts are not explicitly excluded.  
1.5 This guide addresses:  
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1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related parameters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process evaluation,  
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,  
1.5.4 Utilizing process models to support consistent evaluations and sustainability-driven decision-making in a manufacturing enterprise.
Note 1: See ULE 880 for additional guidance at enterprise-level decision-making.  
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5.1 This guide provides a method for evaluating investments in terms of their financial merits and environmental merits. This guide can be used to answer whether an investment is both economical and environmentally sustainable or if there is a tradeoff between the environmental aspects of manufacturing and profitability. In the event that there are tradeoffs, this guide provides methods for evaluating those tradeoffs.  
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1.1 This guide covers techniques for evaluating manufacturing investments from the perspective of environmentally sustainable manufacturing by pairing economic methods of investment analysis with environmental aspect of manufacturing, including manufacturing processes.  
1.2 The economic techniques discussed include net present value, internal rate of return, payback period, and hurdle rate. These four techniques are deterministic, meaning that they deal with known values that are certain. Probabilistic considerations play no role in determining how these four techniques are deployed. The guide will also move beyond standard deterministic techniques to look at probabilistic methods like the concept of sensitivity analyses with a focus on Monte Carlo analyses.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a systematic approach for characterizing the environmental aspects of manufacturing processes based on well-established formal languages.
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SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides an approach to characterize any category of manufacturing process and to systematically capture and describe relevant environmental information.  
1.2 This guide defines the conceptual model of a unit manufacturing process (UMP) from which a formal representation can be specified.  
1.3 This guide defines the graphical representation of a UMP model that supports the systematic structuring and visualizing of manufacturing information.  
1.4 This guide defines a process characterization methodology to construct UMP models that characterize the environmental aspects of the manufacturing processes under study.  
1.5 This guide provides the necessary structure and formality for identifying and capturing key information needed to assess manufacturing performance, yet provides no details about an actual assessment of the process performance.  
1.6 This guide provides the conceptual definition for a system composed of multiple UMPs to represent a production system.  
1.7 This guide may be used to complement other standards that address sustainability and the product life cycle. This guide most closely relates to the inventory component as discussed in the ISO 14040 series (ISO 14044) standards, and resource management as discussed in the ISO 55000 series (ISO 55001) standards.  
1.8 This guide does not purport to address all of the security issues and the risks associated with manufacturing information. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to follow practices and establish appropriate information technology related security measures.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide provides a reference to the manufacturing community for the evaluation of environmental sustainability aspects of manufacturing processes. This guide is intended to improve efficiencies and consistencies of informal methods by providing procedures for consistent evaluations of manufacturing processes.  
4.2 This guide describes a procedure to identify parameters and models for evaluating sustainability metrics for a particular process. Users of this guide will benefit from insight into the sustainability implications of selected processes as well as the contributing factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides guidance to develop manufacturer-specific procedures for evaluating the environmental sustainability performance of manufacturing processes. This guide introduces decision support methods that can be used to improve sustainability performance.  
1.2 The scope of this guide is constrained by the manufacturing phase of the life cycle. The guide addresses specifics related to the processes and procedures within this phase.  
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1.4 This guide focuses on environmental sustainability impacts, though social and economic impacts are not explicitly excluded.  
1.5 This guide addresses:  
1.5.1 Setting boundaries for the evaluation of environmental sustainability of a process or processes,  
1.5.2 Identifying the process and equipment-related parameters necessary for environmental sustainability-driven process evaluation,  
1.5.3 Creating process models using these parameters,  
1.5.4 Utilizing process models to support consistent evaluations and sustainability-driven decision-making in a manufacturing enterprise.
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2.1 The terminology included in this standard is intended to provide definitions for sustainable manufacturing terms. This standard is intended to be referenced by other sustainable manufacturing standards.  
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SCOPE
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1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E3257-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Asset Taxonomy

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The intent of these principles is to provide a useful hierarchical arrangement of the breadth of asset types.  
4.2 This hierarchy is independent of the legal ownership of the assets under consideration.  
4.3 Cost or financial treatment of assets is not relevant to this hierarchy.  
4.3.1 Positive and negative value contributions of assets are relevant to mission success.  
4.4 Value contribution to the mission success of the organization of the assets is relevant.  
4.5 Asset hierarchies or models based on other asset attributes may be useful as well.  
4.6 Understanding the breadth of assets allows organizations to give full consideration of the contribution of assets to the mission success of the organization.  
4.6.1 As an example, when a trucking company considers its assets, the trucks, trailers, and related equipment are an obvious starting point. Real property used to stage, store, load, unload, maintain, and perform other mission-related tasks follows. Administrative space (real property) and equipment (personal property) supporting the organizational mission are included, regardless of ownership. Management control systems, networks, software, knowledge, and perceptions are non-physical assets contributing value in support of mission objectives. As with all assets discussed in this example, ownership of the assets is an important consideration, but a consideration that is not relevant to understanding all the assets that contribute to mission success. In that light, the public roads and bridges carrying the trucks to their destinations and back are clearly assets essential to mission success. Air and water are essential to operation of the trucking equipment, and to the staff supporting the mission, and therefore are assets of the organization.  
4.7 It is likely that many or most organizations have assets from every classification at every level of this hierarchy.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a useful hierarchical arrangement of the breadth of asset types.  
1.2 This taxonomy is based on the innate characteristics of the asset, not on the asset's use, cost, owner, or other factors.  
1.3 Biological life forms are excluded.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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