ASTM D7084-23

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7084 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Bulk Crush Strength of Catalysts and
1
Catalyst Carriers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
1.1 This test method covers the determination of bulk crush
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1 3
strength of a bed of formed catalyst particles ⁄32 to ⁄16 in. (0.8
to 4.8 mm) in diameter and is intended to provide information
3. Terminology
concerning the ability of the catalyst material to maintain
3.1 Definitions:
physical integrity.
3.1.1 See also Terminology D3766.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.2 bulk crush strength—pressure that generates 1 % fines
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
for a sample contained in a cylindrical sample holder and
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
crushed with a piston.
and are not considered standard.
3.1.3 generated fines—particle size after crushing that
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
passes through a sieve one-half of the diameter of the catalyst
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pellet.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Summary of Test Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 A representative sample is placed in a cylindrical sample
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
holder, which is fitted with a piston. The piston is allowed to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
compress the catalyst at a known pressure. The percent of
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
generated fines is determined by sieving.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5. Significance and Use
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 This test method is a means of determining the crushing
2. Referenced Documents
strength of a catalyst in a bed. Techniques to measure the
2 crushing strength of formed catalyst particles is limited to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
crushing of individual particles, which may not be related to
D3766 Terminology Relating to Catalysts and Catalysis
how the catalyst will crush in a reactor or bed. For some
D4180 Test Method for Vibratory Packing Density of
catalysts, such as granules, this technique may be the only
Formed Catalyst Particles and Catalyst Carriers
viable method for obtaining crushing strength. The production
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
of fines in a reactor is not desired because of the potential of
Sieves
bed compaction and the pressure buildup in the reactor.
E105 Guide for Probability Sampling of Materials
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
6. Apparatus
ASTM Test Methods
6.1 Hydraulic Press, capable of 3200 lb (1450 kg) loading,
including a force gage. Maximum load capacity of the press
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D32 on
should match with the accuracy measuring the applied force.
Catalysts and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D32.02 on Physical-
NOTE 1—Lower maximum load may be acceptable for testing less
Mechanical Properties.
strong materials.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2023. Published December 2023. Originally
approved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D7084 – 18. DOI: 6.2 U.S. Standard Sieves, in accordance with E11.
10.1520/D7084-23.
2 6.3 Test Cell, (Fig. 1).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
NOTE 2—A top loading cell can be used, but reproducibility of this test
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on is a function of the volume being crushed and therefore the constant
the ASTM website. volume cell, as shown in Fig. 1, is recommended. A smaller l/d ratio for
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D7084 − 23
FIG. 1 Test Cell
the cell will alter the
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