ASTM D5704-05

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An American National Standard
Designation: D 5704 – 05
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of the Thermal and Oxidative Stability of
Lubricating Oils Used for Manual Transmissions and Final
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Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D664 TestMethodforAcidNumberofPetroleumProducts
by Potentiometric Titration
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-60-1
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D893 Test Method for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oils
test. It covers the oil-thickening, insolubles-formation, and
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
deposit-formation characteristics of automotive manual trans-
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2.2 ANSI Standard:
mission and final drive axle lubricating oils when subjected to
ANSI/ISA-S7.3 Quality Standard for Instrument Air
high-temperature oxidizing conditions.
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2.3 Military Specification:
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
MIL-L-2105D Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
as the standard except for the catalyst weight loss and oil
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2.4 ASTM Adjuncts:
weight measurements, for which the unit is gram; the oil
Engineering Drawings
volume, for which the unit is millilitre; the alternator output,
for which the unit is watt; and the air flow, for which the unit
3. Terminology
is milligram per minute. The other SI values, which are in
3.1 Definitions:
parentheses, are for information only.
3.1.1 carbon, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
axles, a hard, dry, generally black or gray deposit that can be
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 lubricant, n—in manual transmission and final drive
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
axles, lubricating oil.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
3.1.3 sludge, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
information is given in Sections 7 and 8 and Annex A3.
axles,adepositprincipallycomposedofthelubricatingoiland
2. Referenced Documents oxidation products that do not drain from parts but can be
3 removed by wiping with a cloth.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.4 thermal and oxidative stability, n—in lubricating oils
B224 Classification of Coppers
used for manual transmissions and final drive axles, a lack of
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
deterioration of the lubricating oil under high-temperature
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
conditions that is observed as viscosity increase of the lubri-
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
catingoil,insolublesformationinthelubricatingoil,ordeposit
and Opaque Liquids (and the Calculation of Dynamic
formation on the parts, or a combination thereof.
Viscosity)
3.1.5 varnish, n—in manual transmissions and final drive
axles, a hard, dry, generally lustrous deposit that can be
removed by solvents but not by wiping with a cloth.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4. Summary of Test Method
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally
4.1 A sample of the lubricant to be tested is placed in a
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as D5704–04a.
heated gear case containing two spur gears, a test bearing, and
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Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.
Information Letters may be obtained from theASTMTest Monitoring Center, 6555
Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition
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incorporates revisions in all Information Letters through 04–2.TheTMC is also the Joint standard ofANSI/ISA.Available from Instrument Society ofAmerica, 67
source of reference oils. Alexander Drive, P.O. Box 12277, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098.
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Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Detailed drawings necessary for rig construction. Available from ASTM
the ASTM website. International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJD5704.
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