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ASTM E1806-23

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

Standard Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice covers all aspects of sampling and preparing steel and iron for chemical analysis as defined in Test Methods, Practices, and Definitions A751 and Specification A48/A48M. Such subjects as sampling location and the sampling of lots are defined.  
4.2 This practice includes most requirements for sampling steel and iron for analysis. Standard test methods that reference this practice need contain only special modifications and exceptions.  
4.3 All who use these procedures should be trained samplers capable of performing common sampling operations skillfully and safely. Only proper sampling equipment should be used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel, both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and blast furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determination of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.  
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections.    
Sections  
Requirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation  
6  
General  
6.1  
Sample  
6.2  
Selection of a Sample  
6.3  
Preparation of a Sample  
6.4  
Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production  
7  
General  
7.1  
Spoon Sampling  
7.2  
Probe Sampling  
7.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
7.4  
Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production  
8  
General  
8.1  
Spoon Sampling  
8.2  
Probe Sampling  
8.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
8.4  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination of  
8.5  
Oxygen and Hydrogen  
Liquid Steel for Steel Production  
9  
General  
9.1  
Probe Sampling  
9.2  
Spoon Sampling  
9.3  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
9.4  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
9.5  
of Oxygen  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
9.6  
of Hydrogen  
Pig Irons  
10  
General  
10.1  
Increment Sampling  
10.2  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
10.3  
Cast Iron Products  
11  
General  
11.1  
Sampling and Sample Preparation  
11.2  
Sections  
Steel Products  
12  
General  
12.1  
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for  
12.2  
Analysis from a Cast Product  
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for  
12.3  
Analysis from a Wrought Product  
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis  
12.4  
Sampling of Leaded Steel  
12.5  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
12.6  
of Oxygen  
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination  
12.7  
of Hydrogen  
Keywords  
13  
Annexes  
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and Steel  
Annex A1  
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for the  
Annex A2  
Determination of Hydrogen  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific statements, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, 12.5.1, and Section 5.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-May-2023
ICS
71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
Technical Committee
E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
Drafting Committee
E01.01 - Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys
Current Stage
Ref Project

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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1806 − 23
Standard Practice for
Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical
1
Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Sections
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel,
Steel Products 12
both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and General 12.1
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.2
blast furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determi-
Analysis from a Cast Product
nation of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.3
Analysis from a Wrought Product
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections.
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 12.4
Sampling of Leaded Steel 12.5
Sections
Requirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation 6 Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.6
of Oxygen
General 6.1
Sample 6.2
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.7
Selection of a Sample 6.3
of Hydrogen
Preparation of a Sample 6.4
Keywords 13
Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production 7
General 7.1
Annexes
Spoon Sampling 7.2
Probe Sampling 7.3 Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and Steel Annex A1
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for the Annex A2
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 7.4
Determination of Hydrogen
Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production 8
1.3 The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.
General 8.1
No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
Spoon Sampling 8.2
Probe Sampling 8.3
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 8.4
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination of 8.5
Oxygen and Hydrogen
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Liquid Steel for Steel Production 9
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General 9.1
Probe Sampling 9.2
For specific statements, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, 12.5.1, and Section
Spoon Sampling 9.3
5.
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 9.4
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.5 1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
of Oxygen
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.6
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
of Hydrogen
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Pig Irons 10
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
General 10.1
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Increment Sampling 10.2
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 10.3
2. Referenced Documents
Cast Iron Products 11
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
General 11.1
Sampling and Sample Preparation 11.2
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of
Steel Products
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
2
Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as E1806 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/ Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
E1806-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1806 − 23
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for 3.2.14 test portion, n—part of the sample for analysis, or
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials part of the sample taken from the melt, actually analyzed.
E415 Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy 3.2.14.1 Discussion—Sometimes, the test portion may be
Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry selected from the sample product itself.
E1306 Practice for Preparation of Metal and Alloy Samples
3.2.15 thermal method of analysis, n—method for the de-
by Electric Arc Melting for Spectrochemical Analysis
termina
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E1806 − 18 E1806 − 23
Standard Practice for
Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical
1
Composition
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1806; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers the sampling of all grades of steel, both cast and wrought, and all types (grades) of cast irons and blast
furnace iron for chemical and spectrochemical determination of composition. This practice is similar to ISO 14284.
1.2 This practice is divided into the following sections.
Sections
Requirements for Sampling and Sample Preparation 6
General 6.1
Sample 6.2
Selection of a Sample 6.3
Preparation of a Sample 6.4
Liquid Iron for Steelmaking and Pig Iron Production 7
General 7.1
Spoon Sampling 7.2
Probe Sampling 7.3
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 7.4
Liquid Iron for Cast Iron Production 8
General 8.1
Spoon Sampling 8.2
Probe Sampling 8.3
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 8.4
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination of 8.5
Oxygen and Hydrogen
Liquid Steel for Steel Production 9
General 9.1
Probe Sampling 9.2
Spoon Sampling 9.3
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 9.4
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.5
of Oxygen
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 9.6
of Hydrogen
Pig Irons 10
General 10.1
Increment Sampling 10.2
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 10.3
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee E01.01 on Iron, Steel, and Ferroalloys.
Current edition approved March 15, 2018June 1, 2023. Published April 2018July 2023. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20162018 as
E1806 – 09 (2016).E1806 – 18. DOI: 10.1520/E1806-18.10.1520/E1806-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1806 − 23
Cast Iron Products 11
General 11.1
Sampling and Sample Preparation 11.2
Sections
Steel Products 12
General 12.1
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.2
Analysis from a Cast Product
Selection of a Laboratory Sample or a Sample for 12.3
Analysis from a Wrought Product
Preparation of a Sample for Analysis 12.4
Sampling of Leaded Steel 12.5
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.6
of Oxygen
Sampling and Sample Preparation for the Determination 12.7
of Hydrogen
Keywords 13
Annexes
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Iron and Steel Annex A1
Sampling Probes for Use with Liquid Steel for the Annex A2
Determination of Hydrogen
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific statements, see 6.4.3.5, 9.4.4.3, and 12.5.1 as well as , and Section 5.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A48/A48M Specification for Gray Iron Castings
A751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E415 Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
E1010E1306 Practice for Preparation of Disk Specimens of Steel and Iron by RemeltingMetal and Alloy Samples by Electric
Arc Melting for Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2022)
2.2 ISO Documents:Standards:
3
ISO 9147 Pig irons–Definition and classification
3
ISO 14284 Steel and iron—Sampling and preparation of samples for the determination of chemical composition
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms in this pr
...

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ASTM E135-23a(Terminology)
Standard Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 Definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use in all standards on analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. The definitions should be used uniformly and consistently. The purpose of these definitions is to promote clear understanding and interpretation of the standards in which the terms are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This is a compilation of terms commonly used in analytical chemistry for metals, ores, and related materials. Terms that are generally understood or defined adequately in other readily available sources are either not included or their sources are identified.  
1.2 A definition is a single sentence with additional information included in a discussion.  
1.3 The date of last reapproval or revision of a term is in parentheses at the end of the definition.  
1.4 Definitions identical to those published by another standards organization or ASTM committee are identified with the name of the organization and the identifying document or ASTM committee and standard.  
1.5 Definitions specific to a particular field (such as emission spectrometry) are identified with an italicized introductory phrase.  
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Standard Test Method for Analysis of Cast Iron by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The chemical composition of cast iron alloys shall be determined accurately in order to ensure the desired metallurgical properties. This procedure is suitable for manufacturing control and inspection testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the analysis of cast iron by spark atomic emission spectrometry for the following elements in the ranges shown (Note 1):
Ranges, %  
Elements  
Applicable Range, %  
Quantitative Range, %A  
Carbon  
1.9 to 3.8  
1.90 to 3.8  
Chromium  
0 to 2.0  
0.025 to 2.0  
Copper  
0 to 0.75  
0.015 to 0.75  
Manganese  
0 to 1.8  
0.03 to 1.8  
Molybdenum  
0 to 1.2  
0.01 to 1.2  
Nickel  
0 to 2.0  
0.02 to 2.0  
Phosphorus  
0 to 0.4  
0.005 to 0.4  
Silicon  
0 to 2.5  
0.15 to 2.5  
Sulfur  
0 to 0.08  
0.01 to 0.08  
Tin  
0 to 0.14  
0.004 to 0.14  
Titanium  
0 to 0.12  
0.003 to 0.12  
Vanadium  
0 to 0.22  
0.008 to 0.22
Note 1: The ranges of the elements listed have been established through cooperative testing of reference materials. These ranges can be extended by the use of suitable reference materials.  
1.2 This test method covers analysis of specimens having a diameter adequate to overlap the bore of the spark stand opening (to effect an argon seal). The specimen thickness should be sufficient to prevent overheating during excitation. A heat sink backing may be used. The maximum thickness is limited only by the height that the stand will permit.  
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5.1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometry can provide an accurate determination of metallic and many non-metallic elements in a wide variety of solid and liquid materials. This guide covers the information that should be included in an X-ray spectrometric analytical method and provides direction to the user for determining the optimum conditions needed to achieve acceptable accuracy.  
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Standard Guide for Validating Analytical Methods

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
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1.1 This guide describes procedures for the validation of chemical and spectrochemical analytical test methods that are used by a metals, ores, and related materials analysis laboratory.  
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5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of titanium and titanium alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with specifications of chemical composition such as those under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.  
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Application
Range (wt.%)  
Quantitative
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0–8  
0.009 to 8.0  
Boron  
0–0.04  
0.0008 to 0.01  
Cobalt  
0-1  
0.006 to 0.1  
Chromium  
0–5  
0.005 to 4.0  
Copper  
0–0.6  
0.004 to 0.5  
Iron  
0–3  
0.004 to 3.0  
Manganese  
0–0.04  
0.003 to 0.01  
Molybdenum  
0–8  
0.004 to 6.0  
Nickel  
0–1  
0.001 to 1.0  
Niobium  
0-6  
0.008 to 0.1  
Palladium  
0-0.3  
0.02 to 0.20  
Ruthenium  
0-0.5  
0.004 to 0.10  
Silicon  
0–0.5  
0.02 to 0.4  
Tantalum  
0-1  
0.01 to 0.10  
Tin  
0–4  
0.02 to 3.0  
Tungsten  
0-5  
0.01 to 0.10  
Vanadium  
0–15  
0.01 to 15.0  
Yttrium  
0–0.04  
0.001 to 0.004  
Zirconium  
0–5  
0.003 to 4.0  
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1.3 Because of the lack of certified reference materials (CRMs) containing bismuth, hafnium, and magnesium, these elements were not included in the scope or the interlaboratory study (ILS). It may be possible to extend the scope of this test method to include these elements provided that method validation includes the evaluation of method sensitivity, precision, and bias during the development of the testing method.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazards statements are given in Section 9.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principle...

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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the primary metallurgical processes used by the mineral processing industry for copper bearing ores, copper and silver associated with sulfide mineralization are concentrated by the process of flotation for recovery of the metals.  
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Element  
Unit  
Content Range  
Aluminum  
%  
0.05  
to  
2.50  
Antimony  
%  
0.0001  
to  
4.50  
Arsenic  
%  
0.01  
to  
0.50  
Barium  
%  
0.003  
to  
0.10  
Bismuth  
%  
0.001  
to  
0.16  
Cadmium  
%  
0.0005  
to  
0.04  
Calcium  
%  
0.05  
to  
4.00  
Carbon  
%  
0.10  
to  
0.90  
Chlorine  
%  
0.001  
to  
0.006  
Chromium  
%  
0.0001  
to  
0.10  
Cobalt  
%  
0.0005  
to  
0.20  
Copper  
%  
10.0  
to  
44.0  
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%  
0.001  
to  
0.10  
Gold  
μg/g  
1.40  
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%  
12.0  
to  
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Lead  
%  
0.01  
to  
1.40  
Magnesium  
%  
0.02  
to  
2.00  
Manganese  
%  
0.009  
to  
0.10  
Mercury  
μg/g  
0.05  
to  
50.0  
Molybdenum  
%  
0.002  
to  
0.25  
Nickel  
%  
0.0001  
to  
0.08  
Silicon  
%  
0.40  
to  
20.0  
Silver  
μg/g  
18.0  
to  
8000  
Sulfur  
%  
10.0  
to  
36.0  
Tin  
%  
0.004  
to  
0.012  
Zinc  
%  
0.005  
to  
4.30  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E508-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Calcium and Magnesium in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for impurity content. It is assumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of calcium and magnesium in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates in the mass fraction (%) range from 0.05 % to 5 % of calcium and 0.05 % to 3 % of magnesium.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1805-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Gold in Copper Concentrates by Fire Assay Gravimetry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 In the metallurgical process used in the mining industries, gold is often carried along with copper during the flotation concentration process. Metallurgical accounting, process control, and concentrate evaluation procedures for this type of material depend on an accurate, precise measurement of the gold in the copper concentrate. This test method is intended to be a reference method for metallurgical laboratories and a referee method to settle disputes in commercial transactions. It is also a definitive method intended to test materials for compliance with compositional specifications and to provide data for certification of reference materials. It is essential that each performance of the method be validated by applying it to appropriate reference materials at the same time and in the same manner as it is applied to the unknowns.  
5.2 It is assumed that all who use this test method will be trained analysts capable of performing skillfully and safely. It is expected that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for the determination of gold in copper concentrates in the content range from 0.2 μg/g to 17 μg/g.
Note 1: The lower scope limit is set in accordance with Practice E1601.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 11.3.1, 11.5.4, and 11.6.5.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E507-21(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Aluminum in Iron Ores by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is intended as a referee method for compliance with compositional specifications for impurity content. It is assumed that all who use this procedure will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory practices skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Follow appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of aluminum in iron ores, concentrates, and agglomerates in the mass fraction (%) range from 0.1 to 5.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1184-21(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determination of Elements by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is intended for users who are attempting to establish GF-AAS procedures. It should be helpful for establishing a complete atomic absorption analysis program.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the determination of microgram per milliliter (μg/mL) or lower concentrations of elements in solution using a graphite furnace attached to an atomic absorption spectrometer. A general description of the equipment is provided. Recommendations are made for preparing the instrument for measurements, establishing optimum temperature conditions and other criteria which should result in determining a useful calibration concentration range, and measuring and calculating the test solution analyte concentration.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazard statements are given in Section 9.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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