ASTM D1304-99(2012)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: D1304 − 99 (Reapproved 2012)
Standard Test Methods for
Adhesives Relative to Their Use as Electrical Insulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1304; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D257Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of
Insulating Materials
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for testing adhe-
D495Test Method for High-Voltage, Low-Current, DryArc
sives in liquid, highly viscous, solid, or set states, that are
Resistance of Solid Electrical Insulation
intended to be cured by electronic heating, or that are intended
D897Test Method forTensile Properties ofAdhesive Bonds
to provide electrical insulation, or that are intended for use in
D907Terminology of Adhesives
electrical apparatus.
1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:
3. Terminology
(1) Procedure for Testing Adhesives Before Use:
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in these test methods are
Section
defined in Terminology D907.
Power Factor and Dielectric Constant of Liquid Adhesives 7
Direct-Current Conductivity 8
Extract Conductivity 9
4. Significance and Use
Acidity and Alkalinity 10
pH Value 11
4.1 Insulatingmaterialsareusedtoisolatecomponentsofan
electrical system from each other and from ground, as well as
(2) Procedures for Testing Properties of Adhesives As Used:
to provide mechanical support for the components. For this
Section
Power Factor and Dielectric Constant of a Dried or Cured Adhesive purpose, it is generally desirable to have the insulation resis-
Film 12
tance as high as possible, consistent with acceptable
Dielectric Strength 13
mechanical, chemical, and heat-resisting properties. Since
Volume and Surface Resistivity 14
Arc Resistance 15
insulation resistance or conductance combines both volume
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the and surface resistance or conductance, its measured value is
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the most useful when the test specimen and electrodes have the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- same form as is required in actual use. Surface resistance or
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- conductance changes rapidly with humidity, while volume
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific resistance or conductance changes slowly although the final
hazard statement, see 8.2.
change may eventually be greater.
4.2 Resistivity or conductivity is used to predict, indirectly,
2. Referenced Documents
the low-frequency dielectric breakdown and dissipation factor
2.1 ASTM Standards:
properties of some materials. Resistivity or conductivity is
D115Test Methods for Testing Solvent Containing Var-
often used as an indirect measure of moisture content, degree
nishes Used for Electrical Insulation
of cure, mechanical continuity, and deterioration of various
D150Test Methods forAC Loss Characteristics and Permit-
types.The usefulness of these indirect measurements is depen-
tivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
dent on the degree of correlation established by supporting
D202Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Untreated
theoretical or experimental investigations. A decrease of sur-
Paper Used for Electrical Insulation
face resistance will result either in an increase of the dielectric
breakdown voltage because the electric field intensity is
reduced, or a decrease of the dielectric breakdown voltage
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD14andare
because the area under stress is increased.
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal Bonding Adhesives.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2012. Published October 2012. Originally
4.3 All the dielectric resistances or conductances depend on
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1304–99 (2005).
DOI: 10.1520/D1304-99R12.
the length of time of electrification and on the value of applied
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
voltage (in addition to the usual environmental variables).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Thesemustbeknowntomakethemeasuredvalueofresistance
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. or conductance meaningful.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1304 − 99 (2012)
4.4 Volume resistivity or conductivity is used as an aid in solution. Weigh adhesives in solid sheet or film form directly.
designinganinsulatorforaspecificapplication.Thechangeof Foradhesivesinaliquidstatedeterminethetotalsolidscontent
resistivity or conductivity with temperature and humidity may by the following method before adding to the above solvent.
be great, and must be known when designing for operating
8.2 Pour approximately 10 g of the sample into a low-form
conditions. Volume resistivity or conductivity determinations
weighing bottle, cover, and weigh. After removing the cover
are often used in checking the uniformity of an insulating
apply heat at 70°C until the sample reaches constant weight
material, either with regard to processing or to detect conduc-
(seeWarning).Thencoolthesampleinadesiccatorandweigh.
tive impurities that affect the quality of the material and that
(Warning—Care should be exercised when volatile materials
may not be readily detectable by other methods.
are of such a nature as to constitute toxic, fire, or explosive
21 19
4.5 Volume resistivities above 10 Ω·cm (10 Ω·m), ob- hazard.)
tained on specimens under usual laboratory conditions, are of
8.3 Calculations—Calculatethepercentageoftotalsolidsas
doubtful validity, considering the limitations of commonly
follows:
used measuring equipment.
Totalsolids, percent 5 wtofresidue/wtofsample 3100 (1)
4.6 Surface resistance or conductance cannot be measured
8.4 Stirthedriedadhesiveintothesolventwithacleanglass
accurately,onlyapproximated,becausesomedegreeofvolume
rod until all the adhesive is dissolved. Return the cell to the
resistance or conductance is always involved in the measure-
solution and raise and lower it in the solution several times.
ment. The measured value is also affected by the surface
Determine volume resistivity of the solution ρ and calculate
contamination. Surface contamination, and its rate of
conductivity, σ , as follows:
accumulation, is affected by many factors including electro-
static charging and interfacial tension. These, in turn, may σ~ micromhocm! 51/ρ 21/ρ (2)
0 1
affect the surface resistivity. Surface resistivity or conductivity
9. Extract Conductivity
can be considered to be related to material properties when
9.1 Procedure—Determine the extract conductivity of an
contamination is involved but is not a material property in the
adhesiveandreportinaccordancewiththeprocedurespecified
usual sense.
for Aqueous Extract Conductivity in Test Methods D202,
5. General Considerations
except use a 5-g sample of adhesive in a solid state, or
sufficient sample to be equivalent to5gof solids based on
5.1 Definitions,theory,andmeasuringequipmentpertaining
determiningpercentagetotalsolidsinaccordancewith4.2.For
tothismethodshallbeinaccordancewithtestmethodsalready
adhesivessolubleinasolvent(notwater)addasuitablereagent
established for the property under consideration.
grade solvent as selected or agreed upon by the manufacturer
and user, or as specified in the specification or purchase order,
6. Test Specimens
until the total volume is 100 ml. Stir and warm gently until the
6.1 For tests that are to be performed upon the adhesive
sample is completely dissolved or diluted. To the solution add
itself,thespecimensshallconsistofanadequaterepresentative
slowly with constant stirring 100 ml of boiling distilled water.
samplewhich,untilrequired,shallbekep
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