ASTM F2283-04

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An American National Standard
Designation: F2283 – 04
Standard Specification for
Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement System
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2283; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F992 Specification for Valve Label Plates
F993 Specification for Valve Locking Devices
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversashipboardoilpollutionabate-
F998 Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard Use
ment system (OPAS) that processes oily waste and allows
F1030 Practice for Selection of Valve Operators
selective suction from all oily waste holding tanks, waste oil,
F1098 Specification for Envelope Dimensions for Butterfly
dirty oil, and drain tanks and the bilges of all oily water
Valves—NPS 2 to 24
generating spaces for operation within the U.S. Contiguous
F1122 Specification for Quick Disconnect Couplings (6 in.
Zone as excepted by local regulatory authorities.
NPS and Smaller)
1.1.1 This specification covers the system from the point of
F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of Piping
entering the system until the oil-water mixture is treated and
System Materials
discharged overboard.
F1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for Marine
1.1.2 This includes minimizing oily waste generation, the
Systems, Equipment, and Facilities
oily waste holding tank, the oil-water separation device, the
F1298 Specification for Flexible, Expansion-Type Ball
control system, feed and recirculation pump(s), a secondary
Joints for Marine Applications
treatment device, and an automatic stopping device capable of
F1323 Specification for Shipboard Incinerators
detecting 15 ppm oil in the waste stream.
F1337 Practice for Human Engineering Program Require-
1.1.3 Fig. 1 provides a general system schematic to utilize
ments for Ships and Marine Systems, Equipment, and
for system configuration.
Facilities
2. Referenced Documents
F1510 Specification for Rotary Positive Displacement
Pumps, Ships Use
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F1511 Specification for Mechanical Seals for Shipboard
A307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts and Studs, 60
Pump Applications
000 PSI Tensile Strength
F2044 SpecificationforLiquidLevelIndicatingEquipment,
A312/A312M Specification for Seamless, Welded, and
Electrical
Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
2.2 ANSI Standards:
A530/A530M Specification for General Requirements for
B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flange Fittings
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
B16.5 Steel Pipe Flanges, Flanged Valves and Fittings 150,
A563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nuts
300, 400, 600, 900, 1500 and 2500 lb
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, SocketWelding andThreaded
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
B16.24 Bronze Flanges and Flanged Fittings 150, 300 lb
B165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
N04400)* Seamless Pipe and Tube
33 CFR Part 155 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
F467 Specification for Nonferrous Nuts for General Use
Coast Guard (USCG), Oil or Hazardous Material Pollu-
F468 Specification for Nonferrous Bolts, Hex Cap Screws,
tion Prevention Regulations for Vessels
and Studs for General Use
40 CFR Part 136 Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures
F708 Practice for Design and Installation of Rigid Pipe
for the Analysis of Pollutants
Hangers
46 CFR Part 162 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
Coast Guard (USCG), Engineering Equipment
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Ships
46 CFR Part 147 Department of Homeland Security, U.S.
and Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 on
Coast Guard (USCG), Hazardous Ships’ Stores
Marine Environmental Protection.
Current edition approved July 1, 2004. Published August 2004. DOI: 10.1520/
F2283-04.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
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F2283 – 04
FIG. 1 Notional Shipboard Oil Pollution Abatement
40 CFR Part 171 Department of Transportation (DoT), 3.1.1 15 ppm separation device—a separation device that is
Research and Special Programs Administration (RSPA), designed to remove enough oil from an oil-water mixture to
General Information, Regulations and Definitions provide a resulting mixture that has an oil concentration of 15
2.4 Other Documents: ppm or less.
3.1.2 automatic stopping device—a device that automati-
64 Federal Register Number 173, 8 September 1999 Con-
tiguous Zone Proclamation ANSI/NFPA No. 70 National cally stops any discharge overboard of oily mixture when the
oil content of the effluent exceeds 15 ppm.
Electrical Code
3.1.3 bilge alarm—an instrument that is designed to mea-
IEEE 45-2002 Recommended Practice for Electric Installa-
sure the oil content of oily mixtures from machinery space
tions on Shipboard International Convention for the Pre-
bilges and fuel oil tanks that carry ballast and activate an alarm
ventingofPollutionfromShips(1973),asmodifiedbythe
at a set concentration limit.
Protocols of 1978 (MARPOL 73/78) and 1997 and asso-
3.1.4 bilge monitor—an instrument that is designed to
ciated Annexes, including Annex I and Annex VI
measure and record the oil content of oily mixtures from
Resolution MEPC.107(49) Revised Guidelines and Specifi-
machinery space bilges and fuel oil tanks that carry ballast.
cationsforPollutionPreventionEquipmentforMachinery
3.1.5 cargo monitor—an instrument that is designed to
Space Bilges of Ships
measure and record the oil content of cargo residues from
Public Law 92-500 Federal Water Pollution Control Act,
cargo tanks and oily mixtures combined with these residues.
October 18, 1972, as amended by Public Law 95-217,
3.1.6 contiguous zone—the entire zone established by the
Clean WaterAct, December 27, 1977, as amended Under-
United States under Contiguous Zone Proclamation.
writers Laboratories Standard 913 (as revised April 8,
64 Fed. Reg 173
1976)
3.1.7 discharge—includes, but is not limited to, any spill-
UL Standard 913 Standard for Intrinsically Safe Apparatus
ing, leaking, pumping, pouring, emitting, emptying, or dump-
and Associated Apparatus for Use in Class I, II, III,
ing.
Division 1, Hazardous (Classified) Locations
3.1.8 hazardous materials—any material or combination of
ISO 9377–2:2000 Water Quality—Determination of Hydro-
material that poses a substantial danger to human beings,
carbon Oil Index—Part 2: Method Using Solvent Extrac-
plants, animals and the marine environment. A material is
tion and Gas Chromatography
hazardous if it possesses one or more of the following
characteristics: ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity, toxicity, and
3. Terminology
radioactivity.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.9 independent laboratory—a laboratory that is not
owned or controlled by a manufacturer, supplier, or vendor of
separators, monitors, or bilge alarms.
3.1.10 oil—oilofanykindorinanyform,including,butnot
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401. limited to, petroleum, fuel oil, sludge, oil refuse, and oil mixed
Available from Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE),
with wastes other than dredged soil.
445 Hoes Ln., P.O. Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08854-1331
7 3.1.11 oil content monitor—instrumentsthataredesignedto
Available from International Maritime Organization (IMO), Marine Environ-
measure the oil content of the oil-water separator effluent
mental Protection Committee (MEPC), 4 Albert Embankment, London, SE1 7SR,
U.K.
discharge and that automatically diverts any discharge of oily
Available from Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Corporate Progress, 333
mixture when the oil content of the effluent exceeds 15 ppm.
Pfingsten Rd., Northbrook, IL 60062.
3.1.12 oil-water separation device—may include any com-
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1 rue de
Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland. binationofaseparator,filter,coalescerorothermeans,andalso
F2283 – 04
a single unit designed to produce an effluent with oil content 5.2.2 The system shall not utilize dilution as a means of
not exceeding 15 ppm. obtaining pollution discharge limits.
3.1.13 ppm—parts of oil per million parts of water by
5.2.3 From Resolution MEPC.017(49): The OPAS must be
volume.
capable of handling any oily mixtures from the machinery
3.1.14 public vessel—a vessel owned or bareboat chartered
space bilges and be expected to be effective over the complete
and operated by the United States, or by a State or political
range of oils which might be carried on board ship, and deal
subdivision thereof, or by a foreign nation, except when the
satisfactorily with oil of very high relative density, or with a
vessel is engaged in commerce.
mixture presented to it as an emulsion. Cleansing agents,
3.1.15 remove or removal—refers to containment and re-
emulsifiers, solvents, or surfactants used for cleaning purposes
moval of the oil from the water and shorelines or the taking of
may cause the bilge water to emulsify. Proper measures should
suchotheractionsasmaybenecessarytoprevent,minimize,or
be taken to minimize the presense of these substances in the
mitigate damage to the public health or welfare, including, but
bilges of a ship. With the possibility of emulsified bilge water
not limited to, fish, shellfish, wildlife, and public and private
always present, the oil-water separator must be capable of
property, shorelines, and beaches.
separatingtheoilfromtheemulsiontoproduceaneffluentwith
3.1.16 synthetic oil—oils that are not petroleum based, but
an oil content not exceeding 15 ppm.
chemical based, do not rise to the surface of water and are as
5.2.4 All OPAS components shall minimize the effort re-
heavy or heavier than water.
quiredfortheirdraining,accessing,cleaning,maintenance,and
3.1.17 United States—the States, the District of Columbia,
preservation.
the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Commonwealth of the
5.2.5 The OPAS system shall operate as specified herein
Northern Mariana Islands, Guam,American Samoa, the Virgin
within relative humidity limits of 5 to 95 %.
Islands, and the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
5.2.6 The OPAS equipment shall not be damaged nor shall
3.1.18 vessel—every description of watercraft or other arti-
subsequent operational performance be degraded as a result of
ficial contrivance used, or capable of being used, as a means of
exposure to salt fog.
transportation on water other than a public vessel.
5.2.7 When in a non-operating state, the OPAS shall not be
damaged nor shall subsequent operational performance be
4. Ordering Information
degradedasaresultofallexternalcomponentsbeingsubjected
4.1 Orders shall include the following information:
to seawater spray.
4.1.1 Sizing requirements.
5.2.8 The OPAS shall minimize turbulent fluid flow, oil and
4.1.2 Processing rate requirements.
watermixingandemulsification,andoildropletsizereduction.
4.1.3 Additional control requirements.
5.2.9 The oily waste holding tank shall be designed as a
4.1.4 Anyadditionalrequirementsrequiredbythepurchaser
baffled settling tank, allowing bilge water to separate into oil
to meet special needs.
and water with means provided to pump bulk oil to the waste
oil tank.
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.2.10 Effluent exceeding the oil content limit shall be
5.1 Bilge Management:
recirculated to the oil-water separator by means other than
5.1.1 Design machinery spaces to be as dry as practical and
centrifugal pumps per 5.2.17.1. A dedicated waste oil pump
provide means, such as piping insulation and other condensa-
shall be provided for handling of waste oil and transfer of
tion containment features. Use drip pans and other oil contain-
waste oil to shore or the ship’s incinerator (if provided).
ment devices to minimize contamination of bilge water.
5.2.11 If waste oil is to be held on board rather than being
5.1.2 Means, based upon unique ship/machinery design,
destroyed,thewasteoiltank(s)shallsatisfytherequirementfor
shall be provided to prevent the introduction of synthetic oils
sludgetanksgiveninMARPOL73/78Annex1,Regulation17,
and emulsifying agents into bilge water or the ship’s OPAS.
Unified Interpretation 8.1.
Synthetic oils have specific gravity very close to 1.0, therefore
5.2.11.1 For vessels less than 400 GT, oily waste shall be
compounding the complexity of the oil/water separation prob-
permitted to be stored in the bilge.
lem. Means might include:
5.2.12 Waste oil incinerators, if provided, shall meet Speci-
5.1.2.1 Dedicated drain lines piped from drip pans under
fication F1323.
machinery using synthetic oils to a waste synthetic oils storage
5.2.13 The oil-water separator shall operate manually and
device.
automatically based on float switches in the oily waste holding
5.1.2.2 Others as specified by the OPAS/ship designer that
tank(s).
meettheprohibitiononintroductionofsyntheticsintotheships
5.2.14 The OPAS shall be automated to take suction from
bilge water and/or OPAS.
oily water generating spaces by means of level switches.
5.2 Oil Pollution Abatement System—General:
5.2.15 An oil-water separator shall be provided and shall be
5.2.1 The goal of the OPAS is to reduce the volume of
sized to process the oily water at a rate equal to the daily
oil-contaminated water that must be held onboard the ship in
generation of oily water.
dedicated waste oil or sludge tanks. This is accomplished by
processing oily waste water through oil-water separator equip- 5.2.16 An automatic stopping device shall be fitted down-
ment to produce OPAS permeate meeting regulatory limits that stream of the oil-water separator to monitor oil-water separator
can be discharged overboard. effluent.
F2283 – 04
5.2.17 Suction from spaces that generate oily water shall be 5.2.25 The OPAS shall be capable of intermittent operation
by means of a dedicated oily w
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