ASTM A1038-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method
Standard Test Method for Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The hardness of a material is a defined quantity having many scales and being dependent on the way the test is performed. In order to avoid the creation of a new method involving a new hardness scale, the UCI method converts into common hardness values, for example, HV, HRC, etc.
4.2 The UCI hardness test is a superficial determination, only measuring the hardness condition of the surface contacted. The results generated at a specific location do not represent the part at any other surface location and yield no information about the material at subsurface locations.
4.3 The UCI hardness test may be used on large or small components at various locations. It can be used to make hardness measurements on positions difficult to access, such as tooth flanks or roots of gears.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method (UCI Method).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Informational inch-pound units are provided in Note 1 and ksi is used in 12.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: A1038 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact
1
Impedance Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
1.1 This test method covers the determination of compara-
scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
tive hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
Impedance Method (UCI Method).
ASTM Test Methods
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Informational inch-pound units are pro-
3. Terminology and Equations
vided in Note 1 and ksi is used in 12.1.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.1 calibration—determination of the specific values of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
the significant operating parameters of the UCI instrument by
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
comparisonwithvaluesindicatedbyastandardizedworkbench
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
hardness tester or by a set of certified reference test pieces.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.2 surface finish—all references to surface finish in this
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
test method are defined as surface roughness (that is, Ra =
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
average roughness value).
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.3 UCI hardness test—a hardness testing method using a
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
calibrated instrument by pressing a resonating rod with a
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
defined indenter, for example, a Vickers diamond, with a fixed
force against the surface of the part to be tested.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.4 UCI method—Ultrasonic Contact Impedance, a hard-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ness testing method developed by Dr. Claus Kleesattel in 1961
A370Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
based on the measurement of the frequency shift of a resonat-
of Steel Products
ingrodcausedbytheessentiallyelasticnatureofthefinitearea
E10Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
of contact between the indenter and the test piece during the
E18Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
penetration.
terials
3.1.5 verification—checking or testing the UCI instrument
E92Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hard-
to ensure conformance with this test method.
ness of Metallic Materials
3.2 Equations:
E140Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
3.2.1 The average x¯ of a set of n measurements x , x , ., x
1 2 n
is calculated as:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
x 1x 1.1x
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 1 2 n
x¯ 5 (1)
A01.13 on Mechanical and Chemical Testing and Processing Methods of Steel n
Products and Processes.
where each of the individual measurements x , x , ., x is
1 2 n
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally
the result from a single indentation.
approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as A1038–17. DOI:
10.1520/A1038–19.
3.2.2 The error E in the performance of an ultrasonic
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact impedance hardness testing instrument at each hard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ness level, relative to a standardized reference value, is
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. calculated as an absolute percent error determined as:
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1038 − 19
x¯ 2 x means for the numerical evaluation, and (5)
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: A1038 − 17 A1038 − 19
Standard Test Method for
Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact
1
Impedance Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A1038; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of comparative hardness values by applying the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance
Method (UCI Method).
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Informational inch-pound units are provided in Note 1 and ksi is used in 12.1.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E92 Test Methods for Vickers Hardness and Knoop Hardness of Metallic Materials
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness,
Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E384 Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
3. Terminology and Equations
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 calibration—determination of the specific values of the significant operating parameters of the UCI instrument by
comparison with values indicated by a standardized workbench hardness tester or by a set of certified reference test pieces.
3.1.2 surface finish—all references to surface finish in this test method are defined as surface roughness (that is, Ra = average
roughness value).
3.1.3 UCI hardness test—a hardness testing method using a calibrated instrument by pressing a resonating rod with a defined
indenter, for example, a Vickers diamond, with a fixed force against the surface of the part to be tested.
3.1.4 UCI method—Ultrasonic Contact Impedance, a hardness testing method developed by Dr. Claus Kleesattel in 1961 based
on the measurement of the frequency shift of a resonating rod caused by the essentially elastic nature of the finite area of contact
between the indenter and the test piece during the penetration.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2019. Published December 2017October 2019. Originally approved in 2005. Last previous edition approved in 20132017
ɛ1
as A1038 – 13A1038 .–17. DOI: 10.1520/A1038-17.10.1520/A1038–19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
A1038 − 19
3.1.5 verification—checking or testing the UCI instrument to ensure conformance with this test method.
3.2 Equations:
3.2.1 The average x¯ of a set of n measurements x ,x , ., x is calculated as:
1 2 n
x 1x 1.1x
1 2 n
x¯ 5 (1)
n
where each of the individual measurements x ,x , ., x is the result from a single indentation.
1 2 n
3.2.2 The error E in the performance of an ultrasonic contact impedance hardness
...
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