ASTM F1990-07

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1990 − 07
StandardGuide for
1
In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Ignition Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1990; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope F2230Guide for In-situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water: Ice
Conditions
1.1 Thisguiderelatestotheuseofin-situburningofspilled
oil.Thefocusoftheguideisin-situburningofoilonwater,but
3. Terminology
the ignition techniques and devices described in the guide are
3.1 Definitions:
generally applicable to in-situ burning of oil spilled on land as
3.1.1 fire point—the lowest temperature at which a speci-
well.
men will sustain burning for 5 s. (Test Method D92)
1.2 The purpose of this guide is to provide information that
3.1.2 flash point—the lowest temperature corrected to a
will enable oil-spill responders to select the appropriate tech-
barometric pressure of 101.3 kPa (760 mm Hg), at which
niques and devices to successfully ignite oil spilled on water.
application of a test flame causes the vapor of a specimen to
1.3 This guide is one of four related to in-situ burning of oil
ignite under specified conditions of test. (Test Method D92)
spills. Guide F1788 addresses environmental and operational
considerations. Guide F2152 addresses fire-resistant booms,
4. Significance and Use
and Guide F2230 addresses burning in ice conditions.
4.1 Thisguidedescribestherequirementsforignitingoilfor
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
the purpose of in-situ burning. It is intended to aid decision-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
makers and spill-responders in contingency planning, spill
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
response, and training, and to aid manufacturers in developing
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
effective ignition devices.
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. In
4.2 Thisguidedescribescriteriaforthedesignandselection
particular, the storage, transport, and use of ignition devices
of ignition devices for in-situ burning applications.
may be subject to regulations that will vary according to the
jurisdiction. While guidance of a general nature is provided
4.3 This guide is not intended as a detailed operational
herein, users of this guide should determine regulations that
manual for the ignition and burning of spilled oil.
apply to their situation.
5. Overview of the Requirements for Igniting Spilled Oil
2. Referenced Documents
on Water
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 The focus of this section is on the in-situ combustion of
D92Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
marine oil spills.
Open Cup Tester
5.2 Successful ignition of oil on water requires two compo-
D975Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
nents:heatingtheoilsuchthatsufficientvaporsareproducedto
F1788Guide for In-Situ Burning of Oil Spills on Water:
support continuous combustion, and then, providing an igni-
Environmental and Operational Considerations
tion source to start burning. The temperature at which the oil
F2152Guide for In-Situ Burning of Spilled Oil: Fire-
produces vapors at a sufficient rate to ignite is called the flash
Resistant Boom
point.Atatemperatureabovetheflashpoint,knownasthefire
point, the oil will produce vapors at a rate sufficient to support
continuous combustion.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.3 For light refined products, such as gasoline and some
F20.15 on In-Situ Burning.
unweathered crude oils, the fire point may be in the range of
Current edition approved April 1, 2007. Published April 2007. Originally
ambient temperatures, in which case, little if any, preheating
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as F1990–99. DOI:
10.1520/F1990-07.
would be required to enable ignition. For other oil products,
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
and particularly those that have weathered or emulsified, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
both, the fire point will be much greater than ambient
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. temperatures, and substantial preheating will be required.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F1990 − 07
5.4 The energy required to raise the temperature of the setting backfires
...