ASTM D6121-08a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final Hypoid Drive Axles
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method measures a lubricant's ability to protect final drive axles from abrasive wear, adhesive wear, plastic deformation, and surface fatigue when subjected to low-speed, high-torque conditions. Lack of protection can lead to premature gear or bearing failure, or both.
This test method is used, or referred to, in the following documents:
American Petroleum Institute (API) Publication 1560.
STP-512A.
SAE J308.
Military Specification MIL-PRF-2105E.
SAE J2360.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed, high-torque operation.
1.2 This test method also provides for the running of the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically listed in Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard L-37 test method.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
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An American National Standard
Designation:D6121–08a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under
Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final
1
Hypoid Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37
2
Determine Conformance with Specifications
test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating
4
2.2 Military Specification:
the load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a
MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed,
5
2.3 AGMA National Standard:
high-torque operation.
Nomenclature of Gear Tooth Failure Modes
1.2 Thistestmethodalsoprovidesfortherunningofthelow
6
2.4 SAE Standard:
axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the
SAE J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Trans-
low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the
mission Lubricants
standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically
SAE J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric)
listed in Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in
Military Use
Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard
L-37 test method.
3. Terminology
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by
and are not considered standard.
lapping of mating surfaces by fine particles suspended in
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
lubricant, fuel, or air or imbedded in a surface.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
7
CRC Rating Manual No. 21
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 adhesive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
shearing of junctions formed between operating surfaces in
information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
direct metal-to-metal contact; sheared-off particles either re-
2. Referenced Documents main affixed to the harder of the mating surfaces or act as wear
3 particles between the surfaces. CRC Rating Manual No. 21
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.3 burnish, n—on ring and pinion gears, an alteration of
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
the original manufactured surface to a dull or brightly polished
condition. CRC Rating Manual No. 21
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
3.1.4 corrosion, n—in final drive axles, a general alteration
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
of the finished surfaces of bearings or gears by discoloration,
D02.B0.03 on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
accompanied by roughening not attributable to mechanical
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally
approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D 6121–08. action. CRC Rating Manual No. 21
2
Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center
(TMC) will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters.
4
This edition includes all Information Letters through No. 07–2. Information Letters AvailablefromStandardizationDocumentsOrderDesk,Bldg4,SectionD,700
may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave, Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111–5098.
5
Pittsburgh, PA15206,Attn:Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference American Gear Manufacturers Assn. (AGMA), 1500 King St., Suite 201,
oils. Alexandria, VA 22314.
3 6
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
7
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Coordinating Research Council (CRC), 219 Perimeter Ctr.
the ASTM website. Pkwy., Atlanta, GA 30346.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr H
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6121–08 Designation:D6121–08a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Load-Carrying Capacity of Lubricants Under
Conditions of Low Speed and High Torque Used for Final
1
Hypoid Drive Axles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6121; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
2
1.1 This test method is commonly referred to as the L-37 test. This test method covers a test procedure for evaluating the
load-carrying, wear, and extreme pressure properties of a gear lubricant in a hypoid axle under conditions of low-speed,
high-torque operation.
1.2 This test method also provides for the running of the low axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test. The procedure for the low
axle temperature (Canadian) L-37 test is identical to the standard L-37 test with the exceptions of the items specifically listed in
Annex A6. The procedure modifications listed in Annex A6 refer to the corresponding section of the standard L-37 test method.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific warning information is given in Sections 4 and 7.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
4
2.2 Military Specification:
MIL-PRF-2105E Lubricating Oil, Gear, Multipurpose
5
2.3 AGMA National Standard:
Nomenclature of Gear Tooth Failure Modes
6
2.4 SAE Standard:
SAE J308 Information Report on Axle and Manual Transmission Lubricants
SAE J2360 Lubricating Oil, Gear Multipurpose (Metric) Military Use
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 abrasive wear, n—on ring and pinion gears, removal of material from the operating surface of the gear caused by lapping
of mating surfaces by fine particles suspended in lubricant, fuel, or air or imbedded in a surface.
7
CRC Rating Manual No. 21
3.1.2 adhesivewear,n—onringandpiniongears,removalofmaterialfromtheoperatingsurfaceofthegearcausedbyshearing
of junctions formed between operating surfaces in direct metal-to-metal contact; sheared-off particles either remain affixed to the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.03
on Automotive Gear Lubricants & Fluids.
Current edition approved May 1,Oct. 15, 2008. Published MayOctober 2008. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 20062008 as
D6121–06a.D 6121–08.
2
Untilthenextrevisionofthistestmethod,theASTMTestMonitoringCenter(TMC)willupdatechangesinthistestmethodbymeansofInformationLetters.Thisedition
includes all Information Letters through No. 07–1.07–2. Information Letters may be obtained from theASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 PennAve, Pittsburgh, PA15206,
Attn: Administrator. The TMC is also the source of reference oils.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Avenue, Philadelphia, PA 19111–5098.
5
American Gear Manufacturers Assn. (AGMA), 1500 King St., Suite 201, Alexandria, VA 22314.
6
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
7
Available from Coordinating Research Council (CRC), 219 Perimeter Ctr. Pkwy., Atlanta, GA 30346.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D6121–08a
harder of the mating surfaces or act as wea
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