ASTM E1388-12
(Practice)Standard Practice for Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
Standard Practice for Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This procedure is particularly useful for screening fire debris samples to determine relative ignitable liquid concentrations and possible ignitable liquid class prior to extraction with other techniques.
This practice is useful when volatile oxygenated products such as alcohols or lacquer thinners are suspected.
This practice is the least sensitive of the sample preparation techniques and may not detect quantities of less than 10 μL of an ignitable liquid.
Because this separation takes place in a closed container, the sample remains in approximately the same condition in which it was submitted. Repeat and interlaboratory analyses are therefore possible.
Due to variables in the debris sample condition prior to headspace sampling, complete reproducibility of chromatograms may be difficult to obtain.
To obtain greater reproducibility, use one of the separation procedures which results in a solution of the ignitable liquid residue (see Practices E1386, E1412, and E1413).
To obtain greater sensitivity for petroleum distillates and oxygenated products, use solid phase microextraction. (See Practice E2154.)
High concentrations of highly volatile compounds may swamp the headspace, inhibiting the recovery of less volatile components.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing small quantities of ignitable liquid vapor from samples of fire debris by sampling the headspace of the debris container.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413, and E2154.)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: E1388 − 12
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice describes the procedure for removing
3.1 The sample, preferably in its original container, is
small quantities of ignitable liquid vapor from samples of fire
heated in order to volatilize any ignitable liquid residues
debris by sampling the headspace of the debris container.
present in the debris. After heating, the headspace is sampled
and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
1.2 Separationandconcentrationproceduresarelistedinthe
referenced documents. (See Practices E1386, E1412, E1413,
4. Significance and Use
and E2154.)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the 4.1 This procedure is particularly useful for screening fire
debris samples to determine relative ignitable liquid concen-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- trations and possible ignitable liquid class prior to extraction
with other techniques.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.2 This practice is useful when volatile oxygenated prod-
ucts such as alcohols or lacquer thinners are suspected.
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.3 This practice is the least sensitive of the sample prepa-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ration techniques and may not detect quantities of less than 10
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
µL of an ignitable liquid.
from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues
4.4 Because this separation takes place in a closed
from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concen-
container, the sample remains in approximately the same
tration With Activated Charcoal
condition in which it was submitted. Repeat and interlabora-
E1413 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
tory analyses are therefore possible.
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dy-
4.5 Due to variables in the debris sample condition prior to
namic Headspace Concentration
headspace sampling, complete reproducibility of chromato-
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related
grams may be difficult to obtain.
Documentation
4.5.1 To obtain greater reproducibility, use one of the
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and
separation procedures which results in a solution of the
Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
ignitable liquid residue (see Practices E1386, E1412, and
E1618 TestMethodforIgnitableLiquidResiduesinExtracts
E1413).
from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
4.5.2 To obtain greater sensitivity for petroleum distillates
Spectrometry
andoxygenatedproducts,usesolidphasemicroextraction.(See
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignit-
Practice E2154.)
able Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Pas-
sive Headspace Concentration with Solid Phase Microex-
4.6 High concentrations of highly volatile compounds may
traction (SPME)
swamp the headspace, inhibiting the recovery of less volatile
components.
1
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
5. Apparatus
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally
5.1 Heating System—An oven, heating mantle or hot plate
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1388 – 05. DOI:
designed to fit the evidence container.
10.1520/E1388-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
5.2 Temperature Measuring Device—A thermometer or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
thermocouple capable of measuring temperatures in the range
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. from 40 to 150°C.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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E1388 − 12
5.3 A gas-tight syringe capable of reproducibility introduc- times, withdraw from the lid, and inject 0.5 to 2.0 mL of
ing sample sizes in the range from 0.5 to 5 mL. sample into the gas chromatograph. Analyze as described in
Test Method E1618.
5.4 Disposable 20 cc syringes.
7.1.2 After the headsp
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:E1388–05 Designation:E1388–12
Standard Practice for
1
Sampling of Headspace Vapors from Fire Debris Samples
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1388; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice coversdescribes the procedure for removing small quantities of ignitable liquid vapor from samples of fire
debris by sampling the headspace of the debris container.
1.2 Separation and concentration procedures are listed in the referenced documents. (See Practices E1385, E1386, E1412, and
, E1413, and E2154.)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
E1385Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Steam Distillation
2
ASTM Standards:
E1386 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Solvent Extraction E1387Test Method
for Ignitable
Liquid Resi-
dues in Ex-
tracts from
Fire Debris
Samples by
Gas Chroma-
tography
E1412 Practice for Separation of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace Concentration
With Activated Charcoal
E1413 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Dynamic
Headspace Concentration
E1459 Guide for Physical Evidence Labeling and Related Documentation
E1492 Practice for Receiving, Documenting, Storing, and Retrieving Evidence in a Forensic Science Laboratory
E1618 Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry Test Method for Ignitable Liquid Residues in Extracts from Fire Debris Samples by Gas Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry
E2154 Practice for Separation and Concentration of Ignitable Liquid Residues from Fire Debris Samples by Passive Headspace
Concentration with Solid Phase Microextraction (SPME)
3. Summary of Practice
3.1 The sample, preferably in its original container, is heated in order to volatilize any petroleum products ignitable liquid
residues present in the debris. After heating, the headspace is sampled and analyzed by gas chromatography, GC/MS, or GC/IR.
chromatography-mass spectrometry.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This procedure is particularly useful for screening fire debris samples to determine relative ignitable liquid concentrations
1
This practice in under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.01 on Criminalistics
Current edition approved Sept.Feb. 1, 2005.2012. Published October 2005.March 2012. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as
E1388–00(2005).E1388 – 05. DOI: 10.1520/E1388-05.10.1520/E1388-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1388–12
and possible ignitable liquid class prior to extraction with other techniques.
4.2 This practice is useful when volatile oxygenated products such as alcohols or lacquer thinners are suspected.
4.3 This practice is the least sensitive of the sample preparation techniques and may not detect quantities of less than 10 µL of
petroleum product. an ignitable liquid.
4.4 Because this separation takes place in a closed container, the sample remains in approximately the same condition in which
it was submitted. Repeat and interlaboratory analyses are therefore possible.
4.5 Due to variables in the debris sample condition prior to headspace sampling, complete reproducibility of chromatograms
may be difficult to obtain.
4.5.1 To obtain greater reproducibility, use one of the separation procedures which results in a solution of the flammable or
combustible ignitable liquid residue (see Practices E1385,
...
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