ASTM D5709-22

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it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
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Designation: D5709 − 09 (Reapproved 2015) D5709 − 22
Standard Test Method for
Sieve Analysis of Petroleum Coke
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5709; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This test method details a procedure for performing particle size distribution analysis by dry sieve testing on green petroleum
coke with a topsize of no more than 75 mm and calcined petroleum coke with a topsize of no more than 25 mm. Size fractions
go down to and include 4.75 mm for green petroleum coke and 75 μm for calcined petroleum coke.
NOTE 1—To convert units, see Table 1 on nominal dimensions in Specification E11. For example, 75 mm is approximately equivalent to a nominal sieve
opening of 3 in. and 25 mm to a nominal sieve opening of 1 in. Likewise, 4.75 mm can be converted to approximately 0.187 in. and 75 microns to
0.0029 in.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 The sieve size is reported as U.S.A. standard test series in any units listed in Table 1 on nominal dimensions of Specification
E11, or their commercial size equivalents.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D346 Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234/D2234MD4749 Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of CoalTest Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal
and Designating Coal Size
D4057D6969 Practice for Manual Sampling Preparation of Petroleum and Petroleum ProductsCalcined Petroleum Coke
Samples for Analysis
D4749D6970 Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal and Designating Coal SizePractice for Collection of
Calcined Petroleum Coke Samples for Analysis
D8145 Practice for Sampling of Green Petroleum Coke
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015May 1, 2022. Published December 2015May 2022. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20092015 as
D5709 – 09.D5709 – 09 (2015). DOI: 10.1520/D5709-09R15.10.1520/D5709-22.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5709 − 22
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 bulk sample, n—the reduced and divided representative portion of the gross sample as prepared for shipment to and received
by a laboratory, to be prepared for analysis.
3.1.2 gross sample, n—the original, uncrushed, representative portion taken from a shipment or lot of coke.
3.1.3 lot, n—a quantity of coke to be represented by a gross sample.
3.1.4 representative sample, n—a sample collected in such a manner that every particle in the lot to be sampled is equally
represented in the gross sample.
3.1.5 topsize, n—the size of the smallest opening of one sieve of a series upon which is cumulatively retained a total of less than
5 % of the sample. This defined topsize is not to be confused with the size of the largest particle in a lot.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A representative coke sample is divided into ranges of particle size by the use of a series of square-holed sieves.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 The test method concerns the sieving of coke into designated size fractions for the purpose of characterizing the material as
to its particle size distribution. It requires the use of standard sieves, standard sampling methods, standard sample preparation
methods, and a minimum initial sample mass based on lot topsize. Suggestions are given for industry typical sieve stacks for both
green and calcined petroleum coke.
5.2 Particle size distribution is significant in that many physical characteristics of a coke are related to such a distribution including
bulk density and surface area. Nuisance characteristics, such as excessive fines in a lot, can also be controlled.
5.3 Results from this test method are useful in determining whether a coke lot meets purchase specifications, for classification
purposes, and for quality control. The results of this test method can also be used to predict the performance of a particular lot of
coke in a process.
6. Interferences
6.1 A sieve analysis is very sensitive to the sieve cloth and sieve cloth-frame integrity. Minor separations of the sieve cloth from
the frame such as one broken sieve wire, and slight distortions of sieve wires, can cause serious inaccuracies in the final results
of a sieve analysis.
6.2 Blinding of or a reduction in the number of openings in a sieve due to a collection of particles caught in the mesh can introduce
errors.
6.3 Flooding or overloading of any sieve with particles reduces the probability of any given particle encountering an opening in
the sieve.
7. Apparatus
7.1 Sieves:
7.1.1 Sieves will be used in a descending size opening sequence, larger mesh openings above smaller.
7.1.1.1 Typical sets of sieves to be used are listed in Table 1.
D5709 − 22
TABLE 1 Industry Typical Sieves
Calcined Petroleum Coke Green Petroleum Coke
25.0 mm 25.0 mm
19.0 mm 12.5 mm
12.5 mm 4.75 mm
4.75 mm −4.75 mm
3.35 mm
2.36 mm
1.18 mm
600 μm
300 μm
212 μm
150 μm
75 μm
−75 μm
NOTE 2—Sets of sieves are often modified. Typically, specifications on sets of sieves are negotiated between the buyer and the seller. The actual sequence
used by the operator performing the analysis can vary. For example, intermediate sieves can be chosen to avoid sieve flooding and to make the sieving
operation more efficient. Table 1 on nominal dimensions in Specification E11 is to be used as a guide.
7.1.2 A topsize sieve shall be used.
7.1.3 Wire sieve cloth and frames used will conform to Specification E11.
7.1.4 Wire composition and types of frames must be sized properly for potential sieving operations. Stainless steel sieve cloth is
very resistant to distortion and preferred over softer metals.
7.1.5 Collecting pans and sieve covers designed to fit the sieves are required.
7.1.6 Check Specification E11 for more details on standard sieves, service checks, and calibration.
7.2 Sieve Shaker:
7.2.1 Use a batch type sieve shaker.
7.2.2 For sieving small quantities of coke or very fine coke (below 70 mesh), use a laboratory type sieving machine.
8. Sample Preparation
8.1 A representative gross sample of the coke lot must be collected using appropriate procedures from Practice D346D6970, Test
Methods for calcined D2234/D2234M, petroleum coke or Practice D4057D8145. for green petroleum coke. (Warning—The gross
sample must not be crushed or reduced in topsize during the gross sample collection process or during subsequent divisions of the
sample.)
8.2 The gross sample is divided into a smaller bulk sample following guidelines in Test MethodsPractice D6970 D2234/D2234M.
for calcined petroleum coke or Practice D8145 for green petroleum coke. The bulk sample must remain representative including
no loss in topsize. Keeping in mind the initial sample mass requirements (see Table 2), the bulk sample must be at least twice the
largest minimum mass that you estimate will be required for the analysis.
8.3 Upon delivery of the bulk sample to the laboratory, the sample shall be stored in a safe, dry location. Prevent any size
degradation, loss of mass, or contamination of the sample until needed for the sieve analysis.
8.4 Immediately prior to the sieve analysis, examine the bulk sample determining whether it is dry and free flowing. If not, use
the air drying apparatus and drying procedure of Practice D2013.
8.5 Determine the initial minimum test sample mass required for the analysis from Table 2.
8.6 Reduce the bulk sample to the recommended minimum test sample mass required using the division methods outlined in Test
Methods Practice D2234/D2234MD6969 or for calcined petroleum coke or Practice D4749D8145. for green petroleum coke.
D5709 − 22
TABLE 2 Initial Minimum Test Sample Mass Requirements for
Sieve Analysis
Initial Sample Expected
Topsize Type of Coke Mass Requirement, Relative
g Error, %
75 mm Green 50 000 6
50 mm Green 30 000 6
25 mm Green/Calcined 1500 3
19 mm Green/Calcined 1300 1
12.5 mm Green/Calcined 1000 1
4.75 mm Green/Calcined 800 1
2.36 mm Green/Calcined 700 1
1.18 mm Green/Calcined 500 1
600 μm Green/Calcined 300 1
300 μm Green/Calcined 100 1
A
150 μm Green/Calcined 50 1
A
For topsize less than 150 μm, use an initial sample mass requirement of 50 g.
9. Procedure
9.1 Accurately weigh the minimum test sample mass (see 8.6) before sieving with a precision equal to or better than 0.5 % of the
fraction being weighed. This mass is M (initial test sample mass).
i
9.2 Start with the sieve
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