Standard Practice for Characterizing Neutron Energy Fluence Spectra in Terms of an Equivalent Monoenergetic Neutron Fluence for Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronics

SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for characterizing a neutron fluence from a source in terms of an equivalent monoenergetic neutron fluence. It is applicable to neutron effects testing, to the development of test specifications, and to the characterization of neutron test environments. The sources may have a broad neutron-energy spectrum, or may be mono-energetic neutron sources with energies up to 20 MeV. The relevant equivalence is in terms of a specified effect on certain physical properties of materials upon which the source spectrum is incident. In order to achieve this, knowledge of the effects of neutrons as a function of energy on the specific property of the material of interest is required. Sharp variations in the effects with neutron energy may limit the usefulness of this practice in the case of mono-energetic sources.
1.2 This practice is presented in a manner to be of general application to a variety of materials and sources. Correlation between displacements () caused by different particles (electrons, neutrons, protons, and heavy ions) is beyond the scope of this practice. In radiation-hardness testing of electronic semiconductor devices, specific materials of interest include silicon and gallium arsenide, and the neutron sources generally are test and research reactors and californium-252 irradiators.
1.3 The technique involved relies on the following factors: (1) a detailed determination of the energy spectrum of the neutron source, and (2) a knowledge of the degradation (damage) effects of neutrons as a function of energy on specific material properties.
1.4 The detailed determination of the neutron energy spectrum referred to in need not be performed afresh for each test exposure, provided the exposure conditions are repeatable. When the spectrum determination is not repeated, a neutron fluence monitor shall be used for each test exposure.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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Publication Date
31-May-2004
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ASTM E722-04 - Standard Practice for Characterizing Neutron Energy Fluence Spectra in Terms of an Equivalent Monoenergetic Neutron Fluence for Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronics
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Designation:E722–04
Standard Practice for
Characterizing Neutron Energy Fluence Spectra in Terms of
an Equivalent Monoenergetic Neutron Fluence for
1
Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E722; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1
e NOTE—Table A1.1 abd A1.2 were corrected editorially in February 2005.
1. Scope neutron source, and (2) a knowledge of the degradation
(damage)effectsofneutronsasafunctionofenergyonspecific
1.1 This practice covers procedures for characterizing a
material properties.
neutron fluence from a source in terms of an equivalent
1.4 The detailed determination of the neutron energy spec-
monoenergetic neutron fluence. It is applicable to neutron
trum referred to in 1.3 need not be performed afresh for each
effects testing, to the development of test specifications, and to
testexposure,providedtheexposureconditionsarerepeatable.
the characterization of neutron test environments. The sources
When the spectrum determination is not repeated, a neutron
may have a broad neutron-energy spectrum, or may be mono-
fluence monitor shall be used for each test exposure.
energetic neutron sources with energies up to 20 MeV. This
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
practice is not applicable in cases where the predominant
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sourceofdisplacementdamageisfromneutronsofenergyless
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
than10keV.Therelevantequivalenceisintermsofaspecified
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
effect on certain physical properties of materials upon which
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the source spectrum is incident. In order to achieve this,
knowledgeoftheeffectsofneutronsasafunctionofenergyon
2. Referenced Documents
the specific property of the material of interest is required.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
Sharp variations in the effects with neutron energy may limit
E265 Test Method for Measuring Reaction Rates for Fast-
the usefulness of this practice in the case of mono-energetic
Neutron Fluences by Radioactivation of Sulfur-32
sources.
E693 Practice for Characterizing Neutron Exposures in
1.2 This practice is presented in a manner to be of general
Ferritic Steels in Terms of Displacement per Atom (DPA)
application to a variety of materials and sources. Correlation
2 E720 Guide for Selection and Use of Neutron-Activation
between displacements (1-3) caused by different particles
Foils for Determining Neutron Spectra Employed in
(electrons, neutrons, protons, and heavy ions) is beyond the
Radiation-Hardness Testing of Electronics
scope of this practice. In radiation-hardness testing of elec-
E721 Test Method for Determining Neutron Energy Spec-
tronic semiconductor devices, specific materials of interest
tra with Neutron Activation Foils for Radiation-Hardness
include silicon and gallium arsenide, and the neutron sources
Testing of Electronics
generally are test and research reactors and californium-252
E844 Guide for Sensor Set Design and Irradiation for
irradiators.
Reactor Surveillance, E706 (IIC)
1.3 The technique involved relies on the following factors:
E944 Practice for Applications of Neutron Spectrum Ad-
(1) a detailed determination of the energy spectrum of the
justment Methods in Reactor Surveillance, (IIA)
2.2 International Commission on Radiation Units and
1
Measurements (ICRU) Reports:
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E10 on Nuclear
Technology and Applications and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
E10.07 on Radiation Dosimetry for Radiation Effects on Materials and Devices.
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CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2004.PublishedJuly2004.Originallyapproved For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as E722–94(2002). contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
this practice. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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E722–04
ICRU Report 13—Neutron Fluence, Neutron Spectra, and current gain degradation in silicon) being correlated is de-
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Kerma scribed
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