ASTM F1557-94

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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Designation: F 1557 – 94
Standard Guide for
Full Body Spinal Immobilization Devices (FBSID)
Characteristics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1557; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this guide is to begin to address the recognized need to support and immobilize the
components of the spine or spinal cord. Although this guide does not quantitatively address
performance standards for this device, it does address the characteristics of the device(s) used to
provide support and immobilization of the components of the central nervous system for the patient
suspected of receiving trauma to that body system.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This guide establishes minimum standards for devices, 3.1 Definitions:
designated here as full body spinal immobilization device(s) 3.1.1 retention system—a retention system is an adjunct to
(FBSID), commonly known as long boards. The FBSID is or an integral part of the primary platform that allows the
designed to be used as the base structure for immobilization patient to be securely attached to that platform, used in
and transport of a patient with potential spine or spinal cord whatever configuration and size necessary to accomplish the
injury by emergency medical service personnel. goal, while still allowing reasonable and necessary access to
1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limita- the patient.
tion of motion achieved by placement of a FBSID on a patient. 3.1.2 spinal immobilization—spinal immobilization refers
Definitive requirements for immobilization of the spine, and, in to immobilization of the entire spine and its contiguous
particular, the degree of limitation associated with the use of a structures, the pelvis and skull.
FBSID, has not been established in the medical literature. 3.1.3 spine—the spine shall include the cervical, thoracic,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the lumbar, and sacral vertebrae.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 3.2 Description of Terms Specific to This Standard:
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- 3.2.1 directions of movement—include flexion, extension,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- rotation, distraction, lateral motion, and axial compression
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. motion.
3.2.2 full body spinal immobilization device—a platform
2. Referenced Documents
upon which a patient can be secured, that will support the
2.1 ASTM Standards:
entire length and weight of the patient during immobilization
F 1177 Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser- and transportation.
vices
3.2.3 immobilization—limitation of motion.
2.2 Centers for Disease Control Standard: 3.3 For definitions of other terms used in this guide, refer to
Guidelines for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and HBV
Terminology F 1177.
to Healthcare and Public Safety Workers
4. Significance and Use
2.3 OSHA Standard:
29 CFR 1910.1030 Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne 4.1 The intent of this guide is to identify characteristics
Pathogens; Final Rule which a FBSID shall possess.
4.2 It is not expected that the FBSID will be used alone to
provide the entire scope of required immobilization. Clinical
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-30 on Emergency
situations may require differing combinations of devices for
Medical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F30.01 on EMS
adequate total spinal immobilizatio
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