ASTM D5264-98

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Designation: D 5264 – 98
Standard Practice for
Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland
Rub Tester
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5264; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4. Summary of Practice
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the 4.1 The test specimen is mounted on top of the rubber pad
abrasion resistance of printed materials using the Sutherland on the Sutherland base and the receptor is cut to fit the 0.91-kg
Rub Tester, or its equivalent, equipped with full-width rubber (2-lb) or the 1.81-kg (4-lb) weight (depending on which one is
pads and using standardized receptors. being used). The receptor is mounted to the weight. The test
1.2 This practice is applicable to labels, folding cartons, duration is determined by the number of strokes (a stroke is one
corrugated boxes, inserts, circulars, and other packaging ma- back-and-forth cycle) the sample is rubbed. The number of
terials having applied graphics on a flat substrate. strokes desired is preset on the Sutherland Timer. The weight is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the mounted on the Sutherland and the machine is turned on. The
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Sutherland will shut off automatically when the desired number
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- of strokes is completed.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 4.2 The test specimen is removed from the Sutherland base
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. and examined for degree of print degradation. The receptor is
analyzed for the amount of ink transferred from the specimen.
2. Referenced Documents
Results are compared to an agreed upon standard sample tested
2.1 ASTM Standards: in the identical fashion.
D 996 Terminology of Packaging and Distribution Environ-
5. Significance and Use
ments
D 4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or 5.1 Abrasion resistance is a desirable and sometimes critical
Packaging Components for Testing property of printed materials. Abrasion damage can occur
E 122 Practice for Choice of Sample Size to Estimate a during shipment, storage, handling, and end use. The result is
Measure of Quality of a Lot or Process a significant decrease in product appearance and legibility of
product information. The amount of abrasion damage to a
3. Terminology
printed substrate is dependent on shipping conditions, possibly
3.1 General definitions for packaging and distribution are
temperature and humidity, time, and many other variables. This
found in Terminology D 996. practice provides a way of comparing abrasion resistance of
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
printed materials under laboratory conditions.
3.2.1 abrasion resistance—ability of a printed surface to 5.2 This practice also can be used to evaluate the relative
resist mechanical destruction.
abrasion resistance of printed inks, coatings, laminates, and
3.2.2 abrasiveness—the degree to which another material substrates.
can abrade the surface of the test specimen.
5.3 This practice can be modified to measure the effects of
3.2.3 receptor—film or paper of a specified abrasiveness the product (detergent powder, food, beverages, etc.) on
onto which coatings (for example, ink or protective coating)
abrasion resistance, as may occur in spillage or leakage in
removed from the specimen are deposited during the abrasion transit.
test.
5.4 This practice can provide a reasonably simple procedure
that can be used by both the buyer and the seller of printed
materials to determine if the product offered for sale meets
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM D-10 on Packaging and is the
some predetermined standard for abrasion or scuff resistance.
direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.14 on Tapes and Labels.
Current edition approved July 10, 1998. Published January 1999. Originally
published as D 5264–92. Last previous edition D 5264–92.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.09.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D 5264
6. Apparatus 8. Preparation of Apparatus
8.1 Set the Sutherland Rub Tester on a sturdy bench,
6.1 Sutherland Rub Tester, or its equivalent. See Fig. 1 for
preferably in a room conditioned at 23 6 1°C (73.4 6 2°F) and
a photograph of the Sutherland Tester and its attachments.
50 6 2 % relative humidity, as described in Practice D 4332.
8.2 If test criteria have not been specified, select an appro-
7. Materials
priate receptor by running an agreed-upon reference material
7.1 Standard receptors cut to fit the Su
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