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ASTM D1525-00

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the temperature at which a specified needle penetration occurs when specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.  
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellulose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride), or other materials having a wide Vicat softening range.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  Note 1-This test method and ISO 306:1987(E) are technically equivalent, with the exception of the allowance for creep, prior to beginning the test, in this test method.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Mar-2000
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.30 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D1525-06 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4203-17 - Standard Specification for and Basis for Specifications for Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN) Injection and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2347-21 - Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM F790-23 - Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4101-17e1 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D6339-11(2019) - Standard Classification System for and Basis for Specifications for Syndiotactic Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion (SPS)
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D5204-22 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyamide-Imide (PAI) Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D3641-21 - Standard Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D5721-22 - Standard Practice for Air-Oven Aging of Polyolefin Geomembranes
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4549-15(2021) - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polystyrene and Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion Materials (PS)
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4634-16(2022) - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Molding and Extrusion Materials (S/MA)
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000
Referred By
ASTM D4673-23 - Standard Classification System for and Basis for Specification for Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene (ABS) Plastics and Alloys Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
10-Mar-2000

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ASTM D1525-00 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 1525–00
Standard Test Method for
1
Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1525; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
4
1. Scope * Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E1137 Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance
1.1 This test method covers determination of the tempera-
3
Thermometers
ture at which a specified needle penetration occurs when
5
2.2 ISO Standards:
specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.
ISO 291 Plastics—Standard Atmospheres for Conditioning
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellu-
and Testing
lose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride),
DIS 306 Plastics—Thermoplastic Material—Determination
or other materials having a wide Vicat softening range.
of Vicat Softening Temperature
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard.
3. Terminology
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of plastics used in this test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
method are in accordance with those defined in Terminology
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D883, unless otherwise specified.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.1 Vicat softening temperature—the temperature at
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
which a flat-ended needle of 1-mm circular cross section will
NOTE 1—ThistestmethodandISO306:1987(E)aretechnicallyequiva-
penetrate a thermoplastic specimen to a depth of 1 mm under
lent, with the exception of the allowance for creep, prior to beginning the
a specified load using a selected uniform rate of temperature
test, in this test method.
rise.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Summary of Test Method
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 A flat-ended needle loaded with a specified mass is
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics and Electrical
placedindirectcontactwithatestspecimen.Themassapplied
2
Insulating Materials for Testing
can be one of two accepted loads, as follows:
D648 Test Method for Deflection Temperature of Plastics
2
Loading1—10 60.2N
Under Flexural Load
2
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
Loading2—50 61.0N
2
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
The specimen and needle are heated at either of two permis-
3
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
sible rates, as follows:
E77 Test Method for the Inspection and Verification of
RateA—50 65°C/h
3
Thermometers
RateB—120 610°C/h
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples by
3
Comparison Techniques
The temperature at which the needle has penetrated to a depth
E644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-
of1 60.01mmisrecordedastheVicatsofteningtemperature.
3
mometers
5. Significance and Use
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.1 Data obtained by this test method may be used to
compare the heat-softening qualities of thermoplastic materi-
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
als.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties
(Section D20.30.07).
Current edition approved March 10, 2000. Published May 2000. Originally
published as D1525–58T. Last previous edition D1525–98.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
5
Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 1525
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Softening Temperature Determination
5.2 Thistestmethodisusefulintheareasofqualitycontrol, expansionovertheintendedtemperaturerangedoesnotexceed
development, and characterization of plastic materials. 0.02 mm when the specimen is replaced by a piece of
7
heat-resistant material.
6. Apparatus
6.1.4 Penetration-Measuring Device—The device used for
measuring the penetration of the specimen shall be capable of
6.1 Theequipmentshallbeconstructedessentiallyasshown
measuring a penetration depth of at least 1 60.01 mm. The
in Fig. 1 and shall consist of the following:
6.1.1 Immersion Bath—The bath containing the heat- measuring device may be an analog or digital dial gage or
similar device, including an electronic-displacement
...

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1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained is used for quality control, research and development as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
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1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 5.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established ...

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ASTM
ASTM D695-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made.  
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-2022 (Option 1) are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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