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ASTM D1525-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the temperature at which a specified needle penetration occurs when specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellulose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride), or other materials having a wide Vicat softening range.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1
This test method and ISO 306:1987(E) are technically equivalent, with the exception of the allowance for creep, prior to beginning the test, in this test method.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
14-Mar-2006
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.30 - Thermal Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1525-00 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Replaced By
ASTM D1525-07 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
Effective Date
01-Mar-2007
Referred By
ASTM D5204-22 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polyamide-Imide (PAI) Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D6339-11(2019) - Standard Classification System for and Basis for Specifications for Syndiotactic Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion (SPS)
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4101-17e1 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4203-17 - Standard Specification for and Basis for Specifications for Styrene-Acrylonitrile (SAN) Injection and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4549-15(2021) - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polystyrene and Rubber-Modified Polystyrene Molding and Extrusion Materials (PS)
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D3641-21 - Standard Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens of Thermoplastic Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4673-23 - Standard Classification System for and Basis for Specification for Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene (ABS) Plastics and Alloys Molding and Extrusion Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4000-23 - Standard Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materials
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM F790-23 - Standard Guide for Testing Materials for Aerospace Plastic Transparent Enclosures
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM E2347-21 - Standard Test Method for Indentation Softening Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D5721-22 - Standard Practice for Air-Oven Aging of Polyolefin Geomembranes
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006
Referred By
ASTM D4634-16(2022) - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Styrene-Maleic Anhydride Molding and Extrusion Materials (S/MA)
Effective Date
15-Mar-2006

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ASTM D1525-06 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of PlasticsASTM D1525-06 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
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ASTM D1525-06 - Standard Test Method for Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 1525–06
Standard Test Method for
1
Vicat Softening Temperature of Plastics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1525; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* sistance Thermometers
4
2.2 ISO Standards:
1.1 This test method covers determination of the tempera-
ISO 306 Plastics—Thermoplastic Material—Determination
ture at which a specified needle penetration occurs when
of Vicat Softening Temperature
specimens are subjected to specified controlled test conditions.
1.2 This test method is not recommended for ethyl cellu-
3. Terminology
lose, nonrigid poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride),
3.1 Definitions—Definitions of plastics used in this test
or other materials having a wide Vicat softening range.
method are in accordance with those defined in Terminology
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
D883, unless otherwise specified.
standard.
3.1.1 Vicat softening temperature—the temperature at
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2
which a flat-ended needle of 1-mm circular cross section will
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
penetrate a thermoplastic specimen to a depth of 1 mm under
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
a specified load using a selected uniform rate of temperature
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
rise.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—ThistestmethodandISO306:1987(E)aretechnicallyequiva-
lent, with the exception of the allowance for creep, prior to beginning the
4.1 A flat-ended needle loaded with a specified mass is
test, in this test method.
placedindirectcontactwithatestspecimen.Themassapplied
can be one of two accepted loads, as follows:
2. Referenced Documents
2
Loading1—10 60.2N
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing Loading2—50 61.0N
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
The specimen and needle are heated at either of two permis-
3
D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics
sible rates, as follows:
E1 Specification forASTM Liquid-in-GlassThermometers
RateA—50 65°C/h
E77 Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Ther-
RateB—120 610°C/h
mometers
E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By
The temperature at which the needle has penetrated to a depth
Comparison Techniques
of1 60.01mmisrecordedastheVicatsofteningtemperature.
E644 Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Ther-
5. Significance and Use
mometers
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
5.1 Data obtained by this test method may be used to
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
compare the heat-softening qualities of thermoplastic materi-
E1137/E1137M Specification for Industrial Platinum Re-
als.
5.2 Thistestmethodisusefulintheareasofqualitycontrol,
development, and characterization of plastic materials.
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD20onPlastics
6. Apparatus
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.30 on Thermal Properties
(Section D20.30.07).
6.1 Theequipmentshallbeconstructedessentiallyasshown
Current edition approved March 15, 2006. Published April 2006. Originally
in Fig. 1 and shall consist of the following:
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D1525-00.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
4
the ASTM website. Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
3
Withdrawn. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 1525–06
FIG. 1 Apparatus for Softening Temperature Determination
6.1.1 Immersion Bath—The bath containing the heat- measuring a penetration depth of at least 1 60.01 mm. The
transfer medium shall be equipped with a stirrer, temperature- measuring device may be an analog or digital dial gauge or
measuring device, and heater. The heater shall have automatic similar device, including an electronic-displacement sensing
controloftheselectedbathtemperature-riserate(see4.1).The apparatus.
bath should be constructed to allow the specimens to be
6.1.5 Masses—A set
...

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1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained is used for quality control, research and development as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
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1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: This test method is equivalent to ISO 6721, Part 5.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established ...

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ASTM
ASTM D695-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Compression tests provide information about the compressive properties of plastics when employed under conditions approximating those under which the tests are made.  
4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-2022 (Option 1) are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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