Standard Specification for Expanded or Exfoliated Vermiculite Thermal Insulating Cement

ABSTRACT
This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces. The cement shall be composed predominantly of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite, with a suitable proportion of heat-resistant binder. The following requirements are employed for purposes of initial material or product qualification: consistency, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel. The consistency of the material, dry converting capacity and volume change upon drying, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces operating at temperatures between 100°F (38°C) and 1800°F (982°C). The cement shall not be used where it will be exposed to combustion conditions, such as the hot face lining of a furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company’s products. The manufacturer shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in the safe utilization of said products.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Mar-2019
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation

Relations

Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Effective Date
15-Apr-2024
Effective Date
01-Mar-2024
Effective Date
01-Sep-2019
Effective Date
15-Apr-2018
Effective Date
01-Jun-2017
Effective Date
15-Oct-2015
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Effective Date
01-Nov-2013
Effective Date
01-Apr-2013
Effective Date
01-Sep-2010
Effective Date
01-Sep-2010
Effective Date
01-Jun-2010
Effective Date
01-May-2010

Overview

ASTM C196-00(2019), "Standard Specification for Expanded or Exfoliated Vermiculite Thermal Insulating Cement," defines the requirements for thermal insulating materials made primarily from expanded or exfoliated vermiculite. Delivered in dry cement or plaster form, this material is intended to be mixed with water and applied as a plastic mass which dries in place to provide insulation on a variety of surfaces. The specification covers use at temperatures ranging from 100°F (38°C) up to 1800°F (982°C).

This standard provides guidance on material composition, product qualification, testing procedures, and acceptance criteria, ensuring reliable performance for thermal insulation applications while emphasizing user safety and product suitability.

Key Topics

Core requirements and properties stipulated by ASTM C196-00(2019):

  • Material Composition: The thermal insulating cement should consist predominantly of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite combined with a heat-resistant binder. Use of asbestos is expressly prohibited.
  • Physical Form: Supplied as a dry powder, to be mixed with water for application.
  • Temperature Range: Designed for insulating surfaces operating between 100°F and 1800°F. Not intended for direct exposure to combustion, such as furnace linings.
  • Qualification Criteria:
    • Consistency and workability when mixed.
    • Compressive strength and structural integrity.
    • Linear shrinkage on drying and at high temperatures.
    • Apparent thermal conductivity to ensure insulation performance.
    • Dry adhesion to steel surfaces to verify application reliability.
  • Testing and Sampling: Methods are provided for testing properties like compressive strength, shrinkage, and thermal conductivity in accordance with referenced ASTM methods.
  • Packaging and Certification: Materials must be packaged in standard commercial containers, with certification of test results provided when specified in purchase contracts.

Applications

Expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating cement is widely utilized due to its lightweight, insulating properties, and versatility:

  • Industrial Equipment: Insulation of reactors, tanks, and process piping operating at elevated temperatures.
  • Building and Construction: Energy-efficient insulation for walls, ceilings, or as a component within fire-resistant barriers, provided that the material is not directly exposed to combustion.
  • Power Plants: Application as a thermal barrier on boilers and associated equipment, within safe operating temperature ranges.
  • Maintenance and Repair: Used to restore or improve insulation on surfaces where conventional rigid or pre-formed insulation is impractical.
  • Marine and Transportation: Insulation for ships and vehicles in high-temperature service areas, maintaining safe thermal environments.

Related Standards

To ensure comprehensive compliance and performance, ASTM C196-00(2019) references several related ASTM standards that cover sampling, testing, and terminology, including:

  • ASTM C168: Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
  • ASTM C163: Practice for Mixing Thermal Insulating Cement Samples
  • ASTM C166: Test Method for Covering Capacity and Volume Change Upon Drying of Thermal Insulating Cement
  • ASTM C177: Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties
  • ASTM C390: Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
  • ASTM C518: Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties

Keywords: vermiculite thermal insulating cement, ASTM C196, insulation materials, thermal conductivity, industrial insulation, expanded vermiculite, building insulation standards

ASTM C196-00(2019) provides essential requirements and guidance for manufacturers and users to evaluate the suitability, safety, and performance of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite-based insulating cement for thermal insulation across a wide range of industries and applications.

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Frequently Asked Questions

ASTM C196-00(2019) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Expanded or Exfoliated Vermiculite Thermal Insulating Cement". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces. The cement shall be composed predominantly of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite, with a suitable proportion of heat-resistant binder. The following requirements are employed for purposes of initial material or product qualification: consistency, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel. The consistency of the material, dry converting capacity and volume change upon drying, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces operating at temperatures between 100°F (38°C) and 1800°F (982°C). The cement shall not be used where it will be exposed to combustion conditions, such as the hot face lining of a furnace. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company’s products. The manufacturer shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in the safe utilization of said products. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces. The cement shall be composed predominantly of expanded or exfoliated vermiculite, with a suitable proportion of heat-resistant binder. The following requirements are employed for purposes of initial material or product qualification: consistency, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel. The consistency of the material, dry converting capacity and volume change upon drying, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, apparent thermal conductivity, and dry adhesion to steel shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers expanded or exfoliated vermiculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as insulation on surfaces operating at temperatures between 100°F (38°C) and 1800°F (982°C). The cement shall not be used where it will be exposed to combustion conditions, such as the hot face lining of a furnace. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. 1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 10, of this specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company’s products. The manufacturer shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in the safe utilization of said products. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM C196-00(2019) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.

ASTM C196-00(2019) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM C196-00(2016), ASTM C168-24, ASTM C390-08(2024), ASTM C390-08(2019), ASTM C168-18, ASTM C168-17, ASTM C168-15a, ASTM C518-15, ASTM C168-15, ASTM C390-08(2013), ASTM C168-13, ASTM C163-05(2010), ASTM C166-05(2010), ASTM C177-10, ASTM C518-10. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.

ASTM C196-00(2019) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.

Standards Content (Sample)


This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C196 −00 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Specification for
Expanded or Exfoliated Vermiculite Thermal Insulating
Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C196; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers expanded or exfoliated ver-
miculite thermal insulating material in the form of dry cement C163 Practice for Mixing Thermal Insulating Cement
Samples
or plaster, intended to be mixed with a suitable proportion of
water, applied as a plastic mass, and dried in place, for use as C166 Test Method for Covering Capacity and Volume
Change Upon Drying of Thermal Insulating Cement
insulation on surfaces operating at temperatures between
100°F (38°C) and 1800°F (982°C). The cement shall not be C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
used where it will be exposed to combustion conditions, such C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
as the hot face lining of a furnace. ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
C353 Test Method forAdhesion of DriedThermal Insulating
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
or Finishing Cement (Withdrawn 2002)
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
C354 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Thermal
and are not considered standard.
Insulating or Finishing Cement (Withdrawn 2002)
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
C356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed High-
test method portion, Section 10, of this specification. This
Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soaking
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Heat
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
Insulation Lots
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
C405 Practice for Estimating Consistency of Wet-Mixed
regulatory limitations prior to use.
Thermal Insulating Cement (Withdrawn 2006)
1.4 When the installation or use of thermal insulation
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user with appro-
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
priate current information regarding any known problems
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
associated with the recommended use of the company’s prod-
ucts. The manufacturer shall also recommend protective mea-
3. Terminology
sures to be employed in the safe utilization of said products.
3.1 Definitions:
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2 Terminology C168 shall be considered as applying to
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
the terms used in this specification.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. Materials and Manufacture
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 The cement shall be composed predominantly of ex-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
panded or exfoliated vermiculite, with a suitable proportion of
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Homogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved April 1, 2019. Published May 2019. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1944. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C196 – 00 (2016). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/C0196-00R19. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C196 − 00 (2019)
heat-resistant binder. Asbestos shall not be used as an ingredi- sample shall be taken from the lot. Average the results of the
ent or component part of the product. retest with the results of the original test to determine compli-
ance with this specification.
5. Other Requirements
9. Specimen Preparation
5.1 The cement shall conform to the requirements given in
9.1 Mix specimens for testing in accordance with Practice
Table 1. Conformance shall be based on results of tests on
C163.
specimens first mixed with water, according to the ratio for
proper troweling consistency determined in accordance with
9.2 The amount of water to be used in preparing samples for
Section 10.
all tests shall be that amount which results in the specified
consistency, determined in accordance with Practice C405.
6. Qualification Requirements
10. Test Methods
6.1 The following requirements are employed for purposes
10.1 Consistency— Practice C405.
of initial material or product qualification:
6.1.1 Consistency,
10.2 Dry Covering Capacity—Test Method C166.
6.1.2 Compressive strength,
10.3 Volume Change upon Drying—Test Method C166.
6.1.3 Linear shrinkage,
10.4 Compressive Strength—Test Method C354.
6.1.4 Apparent thermal conductivity, and
6.1.5 Dry adhesion to steel.
10.5 Linear Shrinkage— Test Method C356.
10.6 Apparent Thermal Conductivity—Test Method C177 or
7. Sampling
Test Method C518, except prepare the test specimens as
7.1 The cement shall be sampled, for the purpose of tests
follows:
using one of the following procedures.
10.6.1 Mold test specimens in a
...

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