ASTM D6839-02

An American National Standard
Designation: D 6839 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene
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in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 6839; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in
Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective
1.1 This test method provides for the quantitative determi-
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Flame Ionization Detection
nation of saturates, olefins, aromatics and oxygenates in
spark-ignition engine fuels by multidimensional gas chroma-
3. Terminology
tography. Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by
3.1 Definitions:
carbon number (see Note 1) or as a total.
3.1.1 oxygenate, n—an oxygen-containing organic com-
NOTE 1—There can be an overlap between the C and C aromatics;
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pound, which may be used as a fuel or fuel supplement, for
however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C
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example, various alcohols and ethers.
aromatics and is included with the other C aromatics.
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3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 This test method is applicable to spark-ignition engine
3.2.1 hydrogenation, n—the process of adding hydrogen to
fuel with total aromatic content up to 50 % (V/V), total olefinic
olefin molecules as a result of a catalytic reaction.
content up to 30 % (V/V) and oxygen compounds up to 15 %
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Hydrogenation is accomplished when
(V/V).
olefins in the sample contact platinum at a temperature of
1.3 This test method is not intended to determine individual
180°C in the presence of hydrogen. The olefins are converted
hydrocarbon components except benzene.
into hydrogen saturated compounds of the same carbon number
1.4 Oxygenates as specified in Test Method D 4815 have
and structure. Monoolefins and diolefins convert to paraffins
been verified not to interfere with hydrocarbons. Within the
while cycloolefins and cyclodienes convert to cycloparaffins.
round robin sample set, the following oxygenates have been
3.2.2 trap, n—a device utilized to selectively retain specific
tested: MTBE, ethanol, ETBE, and TAME. Other oxygenates
portions (individual or groups of hydrocarbons or oxygenates)
can be determined and quantified using Test Method D 4815 or
of the test sample and to release the retained components by
D 5599.
changing the trap temperature.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.3 Acronyms:
standard.
3.3.1 ETBE—ethyl-tert-butylether
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3.2 MTBE—methyl-tert-butylether
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.3.3 TAME—tert-amyl-methylether
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 A representative sample is introduced into a computer
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controlled gas chromatographic system consisting of switch-
2. Referenced Documents
ing valves, columns, and an olefin hydrogenation catalyst, all
2.1 ASTM Standards:
operating at various temperatures. The valves are actuated at
D 4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as
predetermined times to direct portions of the sample to
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Analytical Standards
appropriate columns and traps. As the analysis proceeds, the
D 4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE,
TAME, DIPE tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C to C Alco-
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hols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.03.
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on The sole source of supply of the AC Reformulyzer known to the committee at
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee this time is AC Analytical Controls, Inc., 3494 Progress Dr., Bensalem, PA 19020.
D02.04 on Hydrocarbon Analysis. If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published February 2003. International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a
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Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. meeting of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D6839–02
FIG. 1 Typical Instrument Configuration
columns separate these sample portions sequentially into 6.3 Commercial detergent additives utilized in spark-
groups of different hydrocarbon types that elute to a flame ignition engine fuels have been found not to interfere with this
ioniza
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