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ASTM D1579-01(2013)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives

Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 It is possible to modify the properties of phenol, resorcinol, and melamine-based adhesives by adding fillers to the adhesive and in doing so affect the way the adhesive performs. This test method makes possible accurate determination of these filler levels for purposes of quality control and characterization of the adhesive.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is suitable for measuring the filler content of phenol, resorcinol, and melamine resin-base adhesives mixed with hardener or catalyst, that set at room, intermediate, and high temperatures. Results are expressed on the basis of the nonvolatile content of the mixed, liquid adhesive.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2013
ICS
83.180 - Adhesives
Technical Committee
D14 - Adhesives
Drafting Committee
D14.30 - Wood Adhesives
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D1579-01(2008) - Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
Effective Date
01-Oct-2013
Replaced By
ASTM D1579-01(2018) - Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
Effective Date
01-Aug-2018

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ASTM D1579-01(2013) - Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine AdhesivesASTM D1579-01(2013) - Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
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ASTM D1579-01(2013) - Standard Test Method for Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D1579 − 01 (Reapproved 2013)
Standard Test Method for
Filler Content of Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine
Adhesives
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1579; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. as part of Federal Test Method Standard No.
175a.
1. Scope performs. This test method makes possible accurate determi-
nation of these filler levels for purposes of quality control and
1.1 This test method is suitable for measuring the filler
characterization of the adhesive.
content of phenol, resorcinol, and melamine resin-base adhe-
sives mixed with hardener or catalyst, that set at room,
5. Apparatus
intermediate, and high temperatures. Results are expressed on
5.1 Erlenmeyer Flask, or beaker, of 100-mL capacity.
the basis of the nonvolatile content of the mixed, liquid
adhesive.
5.2 Analytical Balance, accurate to 0.001 g.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
5.3 Circulating-Air Oven, capable of maintaining a tem-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
perature of 105 6 1°C (221 6 1.8°F).
only.
5.4 Desiccator, with drying agent and tray.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.5 Sintered Glass Crucible, of coarse or medium porosity.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
6. Sampling
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
6.1 Except in special cases, take a sample from each
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
component of the adhesive. When possible, use a composite
2. Referenced Documents
sample of each component chosen from three or more separate
containers, chosen at random.Also take samples from contain-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ers which appear to be nonrepresentative and test such samples
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
separately.Placethesamplesimmediatelyinclean,dry,airtight
D1582 Test Method for Nonvolatile Content of Liquid
containers, filled to prevent excessive air space above the
Phenol, Resorcinol, and Melamine Adhesives
adhesive and transported to the testing laboratory. Take pre-
3. Terminology
cautions to reduce evaporation or drying of the adhesive to a
minimum. Mix the adhesive in the can thoroughly if there is a
3.1 Definitions—Many terms used in this test method are
tendency for the materials to separate before a sample is taken.
defined in Terminology D907.
6.2 Test three specimens of each sample, unless otherwise
4. Significance and Use
required.
4.1 It is possible to modify the properties of phenol,
7. Procedure
resorcinol, and melamine-based adhesives by adding fillers to
the adhesive and in doing so affect the way the adhesive
7.1 Mix the adhesive in accordance with the instructions of
the manufacturer.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
7.2 Phenol and Resorcinol Base—Accurately weigh to the
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.30 on Wood
nearest 1 mg approximately2gofthe freshly mixed adhesive
Adhesives.
(cut film adhesives into small pieces approximately 13-mm
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
(0.5-in) square before weighing) in a 100-mL beaker or
approved in 1958. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1579 – 01 (2008).
DOI: 10.1520/D1579-01R13.
Erlenmeyer flask, add 50-mL of absolute methyl alcohol, and
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
stir the mixture thoroughly for 3 min. Filter the mixture
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
promptly through a previously weighed, sintered glass crucible
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. of coarse or medium porosity and wash the contents of the
Copyright © ASTM
...

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This specification covers polyvinyl acetate or polyvinyl acetate copolymer resin emulsion adhesives suitable for use on wood, wood-based substrates, or plastic laminates. This does not cover the group of polyvinyl-based adhesives suitable for bonding flexible films. Adhesives are classified on the basis of water resistance at three performance levels, namely wet-use (Type 1), intermediate use (Type 2), and dry-use (Type 3). Adhesives shall conform to test requirements as performed under the following exposure conditions and treatments: dry shear at specified temperatures; two-cycle boil; 48-hour soak; humidity exposure; freeze-thaw stability; and storage life. Materials shall also adhere to physical properties such as density, nonvolatile matter, and pH.
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ABSTRACT
This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both. The equipments to be used in the test shall include a petri dish, circulating-air oven, desiccator, and analytical balance. In determining the nonvolatile content of the liquid adhesives without hardener, the procedure shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of adhesive and quartz sand . The percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining. On the other hand, the procedure for the liquid adhesives with hardener shall include oven-drying, cooling in a desiccator, and weighing of mixed adhesives. Also, the percent nonvolatile content shall be calculated based on the amount remaining.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of nonvolatile content or total solids of liquid phenol, resorcinol, and melamine adhesives with or without hardener (Note 1) added and containing high-boiling and low-boiling volatile organic solvents or water, or both.  
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This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semistructural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having woodbased surfaces at the bondline. The adhesives can be classified according to resistance to deformation: Group A or structural, and Group B or semistructural. Also, the adhesives may be designated into three types, according to their recommended use based on their resistance to water and water vapor: Type 1 for interior and exterior use, Type 2 for weather-protected interior use, and Type 3 for interior use only. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following properties of adhesives: shear strength, gap-filling ability, total deformation resistance, moisture and temperature limitation during fabrication, high-temperature resistance, low-temperature resistance, moisture resistance, aging, oxidation resistance, and mold resistance.
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1.1 This specification provides the means to measure and evaluate the performance of adhesives for structural or semi-structural bonding of wood-to-wood in manufactured homes. Wood as used in this specification includes lumber, plywood, particleboard, gypsum board, and all materials having wood-based surfaces at the bondline. This specification does not cover other adhesives used in manufactured homes such as adhesives for carpet, floor tile, ceramic fixtures, plastic laminates, trim and millwork, and similar nonstructural applications.  
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ASTM D907-15(2023)(Terminology)
Standard Terminology of Adhesives

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology standard is a compilation of definitions used in the science and technology of the adhesives industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
1.2 Any changes in this standard since 1988 are documented as follows:  
1.2.1 Appendix X1 gives a history of revisions made since 1988. Table X1.1 lists the terms that are affected as: (1) Terms Added, (2) Terms Revised, and (3) Terms Deleted.
1.2.1.1 In Table X1.1, the year of publication in Volume 15.06 is shown in parentheses following the term.  
1.2.2 In the text of the standard, the year of publication is shown following each definition. Also, the following codes are included after the year of publication to describe the type change that was made: (A) Addition, (R) Revision, or (E) Edited.  
1.2.3 Deletions are shown in Appendix X1, suitably footnoted. The deleted terms do not appear in the text of the standard.  
1.2.4 Any special circumstances not covered by 1.2.2 and 1.2.3 are documented in Table X1.1, suitably footnoted.  
1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM D7966/D7966M-16(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Creep of Adhesives in Static Shear by Compression Loading (Wood-to-Wood)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates the performance of the adhesive in laminated wood as measured by resistance to creep under static load.  
5.2 Test results from the evaluation of adhesive creep resistance, under designated environmental conditions of the test, provide a measure of the adhesive’s ability to withstand constant loading over a relatively long period of time.  
5.3 Creep measured with this test method is normally used in conjunction with specifications such as, but not limited to Specification D2559 and CSA O112.9 to confirm suitability of an adhesive to resist creep under designed loads when subjected to specific levels of stress, load duration and environmental conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of creep properties of structural adhesives in wood-to-wood bonds when a standardized specimen is subjected to shearing stresses at various levels of static load, constant temperature, and relative humidity. Apparatus and procedures are provided for shear deformation (creep) of adhesive bonds under static load. This test method is used under the indicated conditions to evaluate resistance to creep properties of a structural wood adhesive.  
1.2 The test method is used to evaluate creep performance of adhesives suitable for the bonding of wood, including treated wood, into structural wood products for general construction, marine use, or for other uses where a high-strength general construction, creep-resistant, durable adhesive bond is required. Individual block shear specimens are prepared from adhesively bonded laminations, subjected to a constant load under various combinations of temperature and relative humidity, and the amount of creep measured.  
1.3 Creep of structural wood adhesives as measured by this test method may not be comparative to other ASTM methods and is limited to the conditions of the test and procedures contained herein.  
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
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Standard Guide for Classifying and Specifying Adhesives

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4.1 The purpose of this classification system is to provide a method of identifying adhesives in order to give industry a system that can be used universally for materials. It further provides a means for specifying these materials by the use of the standards that are developed using this guide.  
4.2 This classification system was developed to permit the addition of future adhesives.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides a classification system for tabulating the properties of adhesives suitable for holding parts or assemblies together. The use of this guide also provides information necessary for the development of standard specifications for adhesives.  
Note 1: This classification system may serve many of the needs of industries using adhesives. This guide is subject to revision as the need requires; therefore, the latest revision should always be used.  
1.2 Limitations—This classification system is intended to be a means of identifying adhesives. It is not intended for the selection of materials. Material selection should be made by those having expertise in the adhesives field after careful consideration of the design and the performance required of the part, the environment to which it will be exposed, the attachment process to be employed, the inherent properties of the material not covered in this document, and the economic factors.  
1.3 This classification system is based on the premise that adhesives can be arranged into broad generic families using basic properties to arrange the materials into groups, classes, and grades.  
1.4 In all cases where the provisions of this classification system would conflict with the referenced ASTM specification for a particular material, the latter shall take precedence.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units, as detailed in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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