ASTM D209-81(2023)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Lampblack Pigment
Standard Specification for Lampblack Pigment
ABSTRACT
This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack, which may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. The dry pigment shall be made by burning oils or tars. It shall conform to chemical compositions of ash, acetone extract, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles. The paste in oil, on the other hand, shall be made by thoroughly grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. It shall conform to chemical compositions of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins. Both forms of the pigment shall also be sampled, and tested appropriately for mass color and character, and tinting strength.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-May-2023
- Technical Committee
- D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
- Drafting Committee
- D01.31 - Pigment Specifications
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2008
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2007
- Effective Date
- 01-Jun-2007
- Effective Date
- 10-Jun-2000
- Refers
ASTM D185-84(1999) - Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments, Pastes, and Paints - Effective Date
- 10-May-1999
- Effective Date
- 10-Nov-1996
- Effective Date
- 10-Nov-1996
Overview
ASTM D209-81(2023), published by ASTM International, is the standard specification for lampblack pigment. Lampblack is a carbon-based pigment produced by burning oils or tars, available either as a dry powder or as a paste in oil. This standard offers detailed requirements for both forms, ensuring consistent quality and performance across applications. The specification establishes essential criteria for chemical composition, physical properties, sampling, and testing of lampblack pigment, which is widely used in coatings, paints, inks, and related industries.
Key Topics
Forms of Lampblack Pigment
- Dry pigment: Produced by burning oils or tars; must be high grade, free from oils, and contain no extraneous substances.
- Paste in oil: Manufactured by grinding lampblack pigment with linseed oil, ensuring smooth consistency and ease of mixing.
Chemical and Physical Requirements
- Dry pigment must meet limits for ash, acetone extract, moisture and volatile matter, and coarse particles.
- Paste in oil must adhere to proportions for pigment (min 25%), linseed oil (max 75%), moisture/volatile matter (max 0.7%), and coarse particle content.
- Both forms are tested for mass color, tint, and tinting strength.
Sampling and Testing
- Sampling methodology ensures representative quality checks from each production batch or shipment.
- Prescribed test methods include:
- Coarse particle content (ASTM D185)
- Pigment composition (ASTM D1208)
- Color and tinting strength (ASTM D387)
Compliance and International Standardization
- Developed following WTO TBT Committee principles for international standards, facilitating global trade and regulatory alignment.
- Approved for use by various agencies, including the U.S. Department of Defense.
Applications
- Paints and Coatings: Lampblack pigment is a key colorant in industrial and decorative paints, valued for its deep black color, stability, and dispersibility.
- Printing Inks: Utilized for its strong tinting strength and consistent color performance.
- Art Materials: Used historically and presently in artist paints and drawing media.
- Rubber and Plastics: Acts as a reinforcing and coloring agent in various polymer products.
- Research and Development: Supported by standardized specifications to ensure reproducibility in formulation and material testing.
The thorough requirements in ASTM D209-81(2023) support manufacturers, suppliers, and buyers in maintaining quality assurance and precise formulation, resulting in improved product performance across sectors.
Related Standards
- ASTM D185 - Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
- ASTM D387 - Test Method for Color and Strength of Chromatic Pigments with a Mechanical Muller
- ASTM D1208 - Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain Pigments
Other related ASTM standards address testing methods and material properties for pigments and coatings, ensuring comprehensive quality control throughout the supply chain.
Keywords: lampblack pigment, ASTM D209, carbon pigment, pigment specification, industrial pigments, paints and coatings, quality control, pigment in oil, international standards.
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D209-81(2023) is a technical specification published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Specification for Lampblack Pigment". This standard covers: ABSTRACT This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack, which may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. The dry pigment shall be made by burning oils or tars. It shall conform to chemical compositions of ash, acetone extract, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles. The paste in oil, on the other hand, shall be made by thoroughly grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. It shall conform to chemical compositions of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins. Both forms of the pigment shall also be sampled, and tested appropriately for mass color and character, and tinting strength. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. 1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ABSTRACT This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack, which may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. The dry pigment shall be made by burning oils or tars. It shall conform to chemical compositions of ash, acetone extract, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles. The paste in oil, on the other hand, shall be made by thoroughly grinding the specified pigment with linseed oil. It shall conform to chemical compositions of pigment, linseed oil, moisture and other volatile matter, and coarse particles and skins. Both forms of the pigment shall also be sampled, and tested appropriately for mass color and character, and tinting strength. SCOPE 1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially known as lampblack. The pigment may be purchased in the dry form or as a paste in oil. 1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D209-81(2023) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 87.060.10 - Pigments and extenders. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D209-81(2023) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D1208-96(2019), ASTM D1208-96(2012), ASTM D387-00(2008), ASTM D185-07, ASTM D1208-96(2007), ASTM D387-00, ASTM D185-84(1999), ASTM D1208-96, ASTM D1208-96(2002). Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D209-81(2023) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D209 − 81 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Specification for
Lampblack Pigment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D209; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope received it shall not be caked in the container, and shall break
up readily in oil to form a smooth paint of brushing consis-
1.1 This specification covers the pigment commercially
tency. It shall mix readily in all proportions, without curdling,
known as lampblack. The pigment may be purchased in the dry
with linseed oil, turpentine, or volatile petroleum spirits, or any
form or as a paste in oil.
mixture of these substances. The paste shall conform to the
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
following requirements:
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Pigment, min, % 25
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Linseed oil, max, % 75
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Moisture and other volatile matter, max, % 0.7
Coarse particles and skins (total residue retained on a 1.0
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
45-μm (No. 325) sieve), max, % of the dry pigment
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.3 The mass color and character of the tint and the tinting
2. Referenced Documents
strength formed by a mixture with a white pigment shall be
within mutually agreed- upon limits of a standard acceptable to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
both the purchaser and the seller.
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
D387 Test Method for Color and Strength of Chromatic
4. Sampling
Pigments with a Mechanical Muller
D1208 Test Methods for Common Properties of Certain
4.1 Two samples shall be taken at random from different
Pigments
packages from each lot, batch, day’s pack, or other unit of
production in a shipment. When no markings distinguishing
3. Composition and Properties
between units of production appear, samples shall be taken
3.1 Dry Pigment—The pigment shall be made by burning
from different packages in the ratio of two samples for each
oils or tars in such a manner as to form a deposit of carbon or
10 000 lb (4540 kg), except that for shipments of less than
soot. It shall be high grade in every respect and shall be free
10 000 lb two samples shall be taken. At the option of the
from oil, greasy matter, and admixture of any other substance.
purchaser, the samples may be tested separately or after
The pigment shall conform to the following requirements:
blending in equal quantities the samples from the same
Ash, max, % 0.5
prod
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