ASTM D5828-97

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D 5828 – 97
Standard Test Method for
Compatibility of Supplemental Coolant Additives (SCAs) and
Engine Coolant Concentrates
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5828; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Supplemental coolant additives (SCAs) are used to impart special properties, usually resistance to
cavitation corrosion, to engine coolants used in diesel engines with replaceable cylinder liner sleeves.
Engines with this design require additives that are not normally found in commercial engine coolant
concentrates.
1. Scope the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
D 3585 Specification for ASTM Reference Fluid for Cool-
1.1 This test method covers determination of the compat-
ant Tests
ibility of commercial SCA and commercial ethylene and
propylene glycol engine coolant concentrates. This test method
3. Terminology
focuses on the solubility of specific chemical species formed in
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
the engine coolant. The short duration of the test (24 h), among
3.1.1 engine coolant concentrate—an undiluted ethylene or
other restrictions, makes the test method of limited use for
propylene glycol containing additives and only a small amount
sorting out a variety of chemical compatibility problems in
of water, usually less than 5 %.
which a component of the SCA may react with a component of
3.1.2 reference engine coolant concentrate—a standard ma-
the coolant additive package. The test as currently written also
terial prepared according to the formulary given in Annex A2
does not deal with the issue of hard water compatibility, in
of this test method. This material should not be confused with
which a component of the coolant or SCA additive package
reference coolant in accordance with Specification D 3585.
reacts with the hardness (Ca and Mg) to form a precipitate.
3.1.3 reference supplemental coolant additive (SCA)—a
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
standard SCA prepared according to the formulary given in
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
Annex A1 of this test method.
only.
3.1.4 supplemental coolant additive—a liquid or solid ma-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
terial that is added to a coolant at a specified concentration.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Summary of Test Method
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
4.1 A mixture of engine coolant concentrate and deionized
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
water containing approximately twice the recommended con-
2. Referenced Documents centration of SCA is heated to 88°C (190°F) for 24 h. The
solution is centrifuged after returning to ambient temperature,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and the amount of insoluble material is determined volumetri-
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
2 cally and compared to the amount of insolubles obtained with
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
a mixture of standard reference SCA and reference engine
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water
coolant.
D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test was developed to mimic the formation of
insolubles observed in some heavy-duty diesel cooling systems
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Coolants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.11 on Coolants for
during the mid 1980s. It measures the compatibility of SCA
Heavy Duty Engines.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1997. Published May 1998. Originally
published as D 5828 – 95.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.05.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 5828
and coolant concentrate solutions according to their tendency (volume of the centrifuge tube) less 60 mL (volume of coolant
to form insolubles in service. Such insoluble materials may concentrate required) less 6 mL (volume of SCA required).
accumulate within a cooling system, restrict heat transfer
NOTE 1—Using hard water will greatly influence the amount of
through radiator cores, and contribute to the damage of
solubles formed. Testing the purity of the water with a conductivity meter
components such as water pumps.
is recommended.
NOTE 2—If the SCA is a solid, prepare a sufficient volume of a
6. Apparatus
concentrated solution of the SCA in deionized water.
6.1 Two-pan General Laboratory Balance, 1 to 2-kg capac-
8.4 Pipette the required volume of SCA into the mixture of
ity.
coolant concentrate and water. The sequence of mixing must be
6.2 Centrifuge Tube, 100-mL capacity in accordance with
as follows: coolant concentrate, water, SCA solution. Cap with
Test Method D 1796.
a solid rubber stopper and agitate thoroughly.
6.3 Centrifuge, capable of maintaining 500 rcf, with trun-
NOTE 3—Glycol and water mixtures exhibit a volume contraction due
nions and specimen holders suitable for the tube described in
to the partial molal volume effect. The final volume of the mixture should
6.2.
be less than 100 mL, as indicated in Fig. 1.
6.4 Constant Temperature Oil Bath, or equivalent, capable
8.5 In a similar manner, add 60 mL of reference coolant
of maintaining the test temperature at 88°C (190°F), within
concentrate, 34 mL of deionized water, and 6 mL of reference
61°C (2°F).
SCA solution to a second 100-mL centrifuge tube, and agitate
6.5 Condenser Tube, glass, approximately 5-mm outside
thoroughly. The reference coolant must be used within 30 days
diameter by 3-mm inside diameter by 300-mm long.
of preparation. Discard and prepare a new reference if any
6.6 Rubber Stoppers, to fit the centrifuge tube with a single
insoluble material is observed.
hole for the glass condenser tube.
8.6 Replace the rubber stoppers with clean air condensers
6.7 Rubber Stoppers, as above but without a hole.
prepared by inserting a 300-mm (12-in.) length of glass tubing
6.8 Graduated Cylinder, 100-mL capacity to deliver.
through a properly sized one-hole stopper.
6.9 Pipette, to deliver volumes from 1 to 10 mL in 1-mL
8.7 Insert a length of dry Nichrome or stainless steel wire
increments.
into the condenser past the bottom of the condenser tube.
6.10 Analytical Balance, for preparing reference materials
Immerse the centrifuge tube to the level of the solution in a
and capable of weighing within an accuracy of 60.2 mg or
constant temperature bath at 88°C (190°F) for 24 h (see Fig. 1).
better.
7. Reagents and Materials
7.1 Coolant Concentrate, and SCA for evaluation.
7.2 Reference SCA, and coolant concentrate solutions (see
Annex A1 and Annex A2).
7.3 Deionized Water, in accordance with Specification
D 1193.
7.4 Nichrome Wire, or stainless steel wire.
7.5 Filter Paper, Whatman No. 4 or equivalent.
7.6 Plastic Containers, to store solutions. Polyethylene or
polypropylene containers with screw caps are satisfactory.
8. Procedure
8.1 Compatibility testing of SCA shall be conducted using a
ratio of 60 parts of coolant concentrate to 40 parts of a
water-SCA mixture. The level of SCA in the total 60:40
mixture will be approximately twice the SCA manufacturer’s
recommended concentration.
8.2 Fill a 100-mL centrifuge tube to the 60-mL mark with
coolant concentrate.
8.3 Determine the volume of water to be added based on the
physical state and the recommended concentration of SCA to
be evaluated. Add this volume of water to the centrifuge tube
using a graduated cylinder. For example, if the SCA is a liquid
to be added at the recommended concentration of 3 % by
volume, twice the recommended concentration is 6 % or 6 mL.
The volume of water to be added is 34 mL. This is 100 mL
NOTE 1—(A) nichrome wire, (B) condenser tube, and (C) immersion
level.
Hercamp and Hudgens, “Silicate Gelation in Heavy-Duty Engine Cooling
Systems,” Paper No. 852327, Society of Automotive Engineers, December 1985. FIG. 1 Apparatus Assembly
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded an
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