ASTM C673-97(2022)
(Classification)Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and Ramming Mixes
Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and Ramming Mixes
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 This classification defines a group of classes for use by those producing or purchasing fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes. Each class is limited by PCE or alumina content, or both. This classification is frequently used as a specification when the properties shown in Table 1 are the only items specified. (A) NR = not required.
SCOPE
1.1 This classification covers fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes that can be pounded or rammed into place to form a monolithic structure. The terms “plastic” and “ramming mix” are generally intended to describe the workability of the material. In this regard, plastics are considered to be materials having a workability index of more than 15 % in accordance with Test Method C181, while ramming mixes generally have less than 15 % workability by the same procedure.
1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Aug-2022
- Technical Committee
- C08 - Refractories
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2018
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2006
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2003
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-2001
- Effective Date
- 10-Feb-1997
Overview
ASTM C673-97(2022): Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and Ramming Mixes establishes a universal classification system for fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes. Developed by ASTM International, this standard serves both manufacturers and purchasers in identifying and specifying suitable materials for high-temperature monolithic structural applications. The classification is based on key characteristics such as Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) and alumina content, providing a clear framework for product selection and quality assurance.
Key Topics
- Material Types: The standard covers both fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories as well as ramming mixes, which are distinguished primarily by their workability and alumina content.
- Workability Index: Plastics are defined as having a workability index greater than 15%, while ramming mixes have a lower workability, as measured by ASTM C181.
- Classification Criteria:
- Fireclay Products: Divided into high duty and super duty classes, determined by PCE.
- High-Alumina Products: Eight classes based on alumina (Al₂O₃) content, ranging from 60% to 100%.
- Testing Methods:
- PCE is determined by ASTM C24.
- Alumina content is verified using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) methods.
- Reproducibility and Retesting: Specifies procedures for sampling and retesting if initial results do not meet classification requirements, ensuring reliability.
Applications
ASTM C673-97(2022) is widely used in industries that require monolithic refractory linings capable of withstanding extreme temperatures and aggressive environments, such as:
- Iron and Steel Manufacturing: Lining for furnaces, ladles, and other high-temperature process vessels.
- Cement and Lime Production: Protecting kilns and reactors from thermal and chemical wear.
- Ceramic and Glass Industries: Furnace linings that demand specific refractory characteristics.
- Petrochemical and Power Generation: Applications in incinerators and boilers.
By clearly defining material classes, this standard simplifies the specification and procurement processes, ensuring that end-users receive products tailored to their operational demands.
Related Standards
For comprehensive material selection and quality control, ASTM C673-97(2022) references several related standards:
- ASTM C24: Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials.
- ASTM C181: Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Plastics.
- ISO 1927: For installation and testing practices relating to monolithic refractories.
- Other ASTM Refractory Standards: Such as those covering chemical analysis methods (e.g., XRF/ICP procedures).
Practical Value
Adhering to ASTM C673 ensures:
- Reliable Material Performance: Standardized classes guarantee materials are suitable for their intended high-temperature applications.
- Efficient Specification Process: Enables clear communication between suppliers and purchasers, reducing ambiguities.
- International Acceptance: Developed in line with World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) principles, facilitating global commerce in refractory materials.
Keywords
fireclay refractories, high-alumina refractories, ramming mix, plastic refractories, monolithic refractory linings, Pyrometric Cone Equivalent, alumina content, ASTM C673, workability index, industrial furnace lining
Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM C673-97(2022) is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Classification of Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and Ramming Mixes". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 This classification defines a group of classes for use by those producing or purchasing fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes. Each class is limited by PCE or alumina content, or both. This classification is frequently used as a specification when the properties shown in Table 1 are the only items specified. (A) NR = not required. SCOPE 1.1 This classification covers fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes that can be pounded or rammed into place to form a monolithic structure. The terms “plastic” and “ramming mix” are generally intended to describe the workability of the material. In this regard, plastics are considered to be materials having a workability index of more than 15 % in accordance with Test Method C181, while ramming mixes generally have less than 15 % workability by the same procedure. 1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 3.1 This classification defines a group of classes for use by those producing or purchasing fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes. Each class is limited by PCE or alumina content, or both. This classification is frequently used as a specification when the properties shown in Table 1 are the only items specified. (A) NR = not required. SCOPE 1.1 This classification covers fireclay and high-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes that can be pounded or rammed into place to form a monolithic structure. The terms “plastic” and “ramming mix” are generally intended to describe the workability of the material. In this regard, plastics are considered to be materials having a workability index of more than 15 % in accordance with Test Method C181, while ramming mixes generally have less than 15 % workability by the same procedure. 1.2 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM C673-97(2022) is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 81.080 - Refractories. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM C673-97(2022) has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM C181-11(2018), ASTM C24-09(2013), ASTM C181-11, ASTM C181-09, ASTM C24-09, ASTM C24-01(2006), ASTM C181-03, ASTM C24-01, ASTM C24-89(1999)e1, ASTM C181-91(1997)e1. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM C673-97(2022) is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C673 −97 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Classification of
Fireclay and High-Alumina Plastic Refractories and
Ramming Mixes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C673; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope PCE or alumina content, or both. This classification is fre-
quently used as a specification when the properties shown in
1.1 This classification covers fireclay and high-alumina
Table 1 are the only items specified.
plastic refractories and ramming mixes that can be pounded or
rammed into place to form a monolithic structure. The terms
4. Classifications
“plastic” and “ramming mix” are generally intended to de-
4.1 Fireclay plastic refractories and ramming mixes are
scribe the workability of the material. In this regard, plastics
divided into two different classifications: (1) super duty, and
are considered to be materials having a workability index of
(2) high duty.
more than 15 % in accordance with Test Method C181, while
ramming mixes generally have less than 15 % workability by
4.2 High-alumina plastic refractories and ramming mixes
the same procedure.
are divided into eight different classifications: (1)60%
alumina, (2) 65 % alumina, (3) 70 % alumina, (4)80%
1.2 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- alumina, (5) 85 % alumina, (6) 90 % alumina, (7)95%
alumina, and (8) 100 % alumina.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5. Basis of Classification
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
5.1 The properties required for compliance with a particular
classification are shown in Table 1.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 6. Test Methods
C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent (PCE) of
6.1 The determination of aluminum oxide (Al O)onan
2 3
Fireclay and High-Alumina Refractory Materials
ignition-free basis, as required by this classification, as deter-
C181 Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay and
mined by XRF and ICP.
High-Alumina Refractory Plastics
6.2 The determination of the pyrometric cone equivalent
NOTE 1—Chemical analysis of refractory products is determined by a
(PCE), as required by this classification, shall be in accordance
combination of X-ray fluorscence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma
with Test Method C24.
(ICP) using standard reference materials (SRM), including various types
of minerals and refractory materials which are available from the National
7. Retests
Institute of Standards and Technology and other appropriate sources.
7.1 Because of possible variables that may result from
3. Significance and Use
sampling or an unsatisfactory reproducibility of tests by
3.1 This classification defines a group of classes for use by
different laboratories, the material may be
...
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