ASTM E2285-08
(Guide)Standard Guide for Examination of Mechanical Checkwriter Impressions (Withdrawn 2017)
Standard Guide for Examination of Mechanical Checkwriter Impressions (Withdrawn 2017)
ABSTRACT
This guide describes the equipments required and standard procedures for investigations that should be performed by forensic document examiners for examinations and comparisons involving mechanical checkwriters and their impressions (exclusive of rubber stamp checkwriter impressions or computer generated checkwriter impressions). These procedures, which are grounded in the generally accepted body of knowledge and experience in the field of forensic document examination, will depend upon the nature and sufficiency of the materials available. This guide, however, may not cover all aspects of particularly unusual or uncommon examinations.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The procedures outlined here are grounded in the generally accepted body of knowledge and experience in the field of forensic document examination. By following these procedures, a forensic document examiner can reliably reach an opinion concerning whether two or more impressions were created by the same checkwriter, whether a particular checkwriter created the specific impression, or the determination of the make and model of checkwriter that made an impression.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide provides procedures for examinations that should be used by forensic document examiners (E 444) for examinations and comparisons involving mechanical checkwriters and their impressions (exclusive of rubber stamp checkwriter impressions or computer generated checkwriter impressions).
1.2 These procedures are applicable whether the examination(s) and comparison(s) are of questioned and known items or of exclusively questioned items.
1.3 These procedures include evaluation of the sufficiency of the material available for examination.
1.4 The particular methods employed in a given case will depend upon the nature and sufficiency of the material available for examination.
1.5 This guide may not cover all aspects of particularly unusual or uncommon examinations.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This guide provides procedures for examinations that should be used by forensic document examiners (Guide E4441) for examinations and comparisons involving mechanical checkwriters and their impressions (exclusive of rubber stamp checkwriter impressions or computer generated checkwriter impressions).
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E30 on Forensic Sciences, this guide was withdrawn in January 2017 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: E2285 − 08
Standard Guide for
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Examination of Mechanical Checkwriter Impressions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2285; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 blemish, n—a small extraneous spot found near inked
1.1 This guide provides procedures for examinations that
regions of checkwriter impressions that is characteristic of
should be used by forensic document examiners (Guide E444)
machines that use ribbons as their ink source.
for examinations and comparisons involving mechanical
3.2.2 checkwriter, n—a device manually or electrically pow-
checkwriters and their impressions (exclusive of rubber stamp
ered or computer generated, designed to ink, emboss, print,
checkwriter impressions or computer generated checkwriter
perforate, or shred a monetary value, along with other periph-
impressions).
eral information, onto a document.
1.2 These procedures are applicable whether the examina-
3.2.3 impression, n—an image formed by pressure on the
tion(s) and comparison(s) are of questioned and known items
document.
or of exclusively questioned items.
3.2.4 impression format, n—the manner in which the paper
1.3 These procedures include evaluation of the sufficiency
is embossed or shredded.
of the material available for examination.
3.2.5 individual prefix, n—a prefix especially designed for a
1.4 The particular methods employed in a given case will
particular customer.
depend upon the nature and sufficiency of the material avail-
3.2.6 payee perforator, n—an optional device on a check-
able for examination.
writer that perforates or shreds a pattern above the numeric
1.5 This guide may not cover all aspects of particularly
impression region for the purpose of protecting the payee entry
unusual or uncommon examinations.
from alteration.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.7 perforation, n—penetration through the document.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.2.8 platen, n—a bar-shaped object that pushes the paper
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stock against the typeface and provides the pressure necessary
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
to obtain an impression.
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
3.2.9 prefix, n—the portion of the checkwriter impression
2. Referenced Documents
located immediately to the left of the numeric value.
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.10 printing element, n—thepartsofthetotalcheckwriter
E444 Guide for Scope of Work of Forensic Document
impression that are not parts of the prefix which may encom-
Examiners
pass the currency type, decimal points, and commas.
E1732 Terminology Relating to Forensic Science
3.2.11 ribbon shift, v—the movement of a multi-colored
E2195 Terminology Relating to the Examination of Ques-
inking ribbon allowing for a change in color to manifest itself
tioned Documents
in an impressed character.
3. Terminology
3.2.12 segment, n—a single device on which is forged or
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms in this Guide, refer attached a set of numerals or symbols which can be set by the
operator in establishing an impression value. On some ma-
to Terminology E1732 and Terminology E2195.
chines a different segment is used for each digit.
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This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E30 on Forensic
3.2.13 variation, n—imprecise duplication in multiple im-
Sciences and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E30.90 on Executive.
pressions from the same machine.
Current edition approved April 1, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E2285 – 03. DOI:
4. Significance and Use
10.1520/E2285-08.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1 The procedures outlined here are grounded in the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
generally accepted body of knowledge and experience in the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. field of forensic document examination. By following these
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E2285 − 08
procedures, a forensic document examiner can reliably reach 7.4 Determine whether the submitted questioned impres-
an opinion concerning whether two or more impressions were sion(s) were produce
...
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