ASTM D6878/D6878M-11
(Specification)Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing
Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing
ABSTRACT
This specification covers flexible sheet made from thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) as the principal polymer, intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics or scrims. The sheet shall be formulated from ethylene and higher alpha-olefin polymers, copolymers, and mixtures thereof, in amounts greater than 50 %, by weight of the total polymer content suitably compounded to satisfy the physical requirements specified. The sheet shall be capable of being heat welded, fused, or adhesively bonded to itself for making watertight field splices and repairs and shall be reinforced with fabric or scrim. Different tests shall be performed in order to determine the following physical properties of thermoplastic polyolefin sheets: dimensions, sheet overall thickness, coating thickness over scrim, breaking strength, elongation at break, tearing strength, brittleness point, ozone resistance, heat aging, linear dimensional change, water absorption, factory seam strength, and weather resistance.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) as the principal polymer, intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics or scrims.
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, and uplift resistance, among others, are factors which should be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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Designation: D6878/D6878M – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6878/D6878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1149 Test Methods for Rubber Deterioration—Cracking
in an Ozone Controlled Environment
1.1 This specification covers flexible sheet made from
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of
thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO) as the principal polymer,
Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated
intended for use in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to
Temperature
the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics or
D2137 Test Methods for Rubber Property—Brittleness
scrims.
Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the
D5538 Practice for Thermoplastic Elastomers—
sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the
Terminology and Abbreviations
intended purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Ac-
fire resistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility,
celerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
andupliftresistance,amongothers,arefactorswhichshouldbe
G155 PracticeforOperatingXenonArcLightApparatusfor
considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3. Materials and Manufacture
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
3.1 The sheet shall be formulated from ethylene and higher
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
alpha-olefin polymers, copolymers, and mixtures thereof, in
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
amounts greater than 50%, by weight of the total polymer
with the standard.
content suitably compounded to satisfy the physical require-
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, opera-
ments in the specification (see Practice D5538).
tions, and equipment. This standard does not purport to
3.2 The sheet shall be capable of being heat welded, fused,
address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its
or adhesively bonded to itself for making watertight field
use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
splices and repairs, and the supplier or fabricator shall recom-
establish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-
mend suitable methods and materials.
mine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
3.3 Sheet shall be reinforced with fabric or scrim.
2. Referenced Documents
4. Physical Properties and Tolerances
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4.1 Each sheet specimen shall meet or exceed the physical
D471 Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids
requirements prescribed in Table 1.
D573 Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air
4.2 The tolerance for time conditions (aging, weathering,
Oven
and so forth) is 615 min or 61% of the period, whichever is
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
greater, unless otherwise specified.
4.3 The tolerance for temperature conditions (aging, weath-
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on
ering, and so forth) is 62°C [64°F] of the specified tempera-
Roofing andWaterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.18
ture, unless otherwise specified.
on Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.
Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally
´1 5. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6878–08 . DOI:
10.1520/D6878_D6878M-11.
5.1 The width and length of the sheet shall be agreed upon
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
between the purchaser and the supplier.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.1.1 The width and length tolerance shall be +3%, −0%.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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D6878/D6878M – 11
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for TPO Sheet
7.12 Factory Seam Strength—Test Methods D751, Grab
Thickness, min, mm [in.] Method. Modify procedure by cutting a 25 mm [1.0 in.] wide
Sheet-overall 1.0 [0.039]
by 300 mm [12 in.] long sample across the lap seam. Place in
Coating over f
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation:D6878–08 Designation: D6878/D6878M – 11
Standard Specification for
1
Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6878/D6878M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
1
reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. ´ NOTE—Subsection 7.13.2 was
editorially corrected in January 2009.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversflexiblesheetmadefromthermoplasticpolyolefin(TPO)astheprincipalpolymer,intendedforuse
in single-ply roofing membranes exposed to the weather. The sheet shall contain reinforcing fabrics or scrims.
1.2 The tests and property limits used to characterize the sheet are values intended to ensure minimum quality for the intended
purpose. In-place roof system design criteria, such as fire resistance, field seaming strength, material compatibility, and uplift
resistance, among others, are factors which should be considered but are beyond the scope of this specification.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values stated in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all
of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate
safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D471 Test Method for Rubber PropertyEffect of Liquids
D573 Test Method for RubberDeterioration in an Air Oven
D751 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics
D1149 Test Methods for Rubber DeteriorationCracking in an Ozone Controlled Environment
D1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Changes of Nonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at Elevated Temperature
D2137 Test Methods for Rubber PropertyBrittleness Point of Flexible Polymers and Coated Fabrics
D5538 Practice for Thermoplastic ElastomersTerminology and Abbreviations
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
G155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
3. Materials and Manufacture
3.1 The sheet shall be formulated from ethylene and higher alpha-olefin polymers, copolymers, and mixtures thereof, in
amounts greater than 50%, by weight of the total polymer content suitably compounded to satisfy the physical requirements in
the specification (see Practice D5538).
3.2 The sheet shall be capable of being heat welded, fused, or adhesively bonded to itself for making watertight field splices
and repairs, and the supplier or fabricator shall recommend suitable methods and materials.
3.3 Sheet shall be reinforced with fabric or scrim.
4. Physical Properties and Tolerances
4.1 Each sheet specimen shall meet or exceed the physical requirements prescribed in Table 1.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D08 on Roofing and Waterproofing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D08.18 on
Nonbituminous Organic Roof Coverings.
Current edition approved July 1, 2008. Published July 2008. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6878–06a. DOI:
10.1520/D6878-08E01.
´1
Current edition approved May 15, 2011. Published June 2011. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D6878–08 . DOI:
10.1520/D6878_D6878M-11.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.ForAnnualBookofASTMStandards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6878/D6878M – 11
TABLE 1 Physical Requirements for TPO Sheet
Thickness, min, mm (in.)
Thickness, min, mm [in.]
Sheet-overall 1.0 (0.039)
Sheet-overall 1.0 [0.039]
Coating o
...
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