ASTM F1084-90(1995)e1

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
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e1
Designation: F 1084 – 90 (Reapproved 1995)
Standard Guide for
Sampling Oil/Water Mixtures for Oil Spill Recovery
Equipment
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1084; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—Section 11 was added editorially in March 1995.
1. Scope 3.3 Sampling Flowing Mixtures—To sample flowing mix-
tures containing both oil and water, turbulence is induced, to
1.1 This guide is intended for sampling flowing or station-
create a homogenous mixture while sampling. The oil content
ary oil/water mixtures. It is intended for use with oil spill
in the sample taken from the flowing stream can then be used
recovery devices either in testing or in documentation of field
to quantify the performance rating criterion (see Procedure
performance.
Section of Test Method D 1796).
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Number of Samples
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Take a minimum of four samples under each set of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
conditions to average results and store the samples separately.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
In less ideal sampling conditions, take additional samples.
2. Referenced Documents
5. Containers
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1 A dry, water-washed glass sample container.
D 1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ucts by Karl Fischer Reagent
6. Labeling
D 1796 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Fuel Oils by
2 6.1 Mark the sample container with the source, type of oil,
the Centrifuge Method (Laboratory Procedure)
date and time of sampling, the name of the person taking the
F 625 Practice for Describing Environmental Conditions
3 sample, and a sample number. Require water and oil-resistant
Relevant to Spill Control Systems for Use on Water
labeling. If several receiving containers are to be sampled, they
must be identified and the samples marked for later coordina-
3. Significance and Use
tion.
3.1 This guide provides techniques for obtaining represen-
tative samples of oil and water mixtures. This information is
7. Preservation and Storage
necessary in the calculation of oil recovery efficiency and oil
7.1 The samples do not require special treatment to preserve
recovery rates for oil collection devices.
their integrity other than ensuring that they remain sealed until
3.2 Sampling Stationary Mixtures—When recovered oil/
analyzed. Note date and time of analysis for each sample.
water mixtures are contained within a holding tank and the
relative oil content of the recovered fluid is needed, the
8. Procedure
sampling technique is somewhat dependent on the container.
8.1 Baseline Data—The test fluids may be crude, refined, or
Two techniques are outlined in this guide. If the container has
synthetic oils. Record type, specific gravity, viscosity, and
a flat bottom with straight sides perpendicular to the base (or
temperature of each oil together with the environmental
nearly so), either stationary technique can be implemented,
conditions (see Practice F 625), air temperature, and slick
with the stratified sampling method preferred. If the container
thickness beyond the influence of the recovery equipment for
is irregular in either the horizontal or vertical cross section, the
each test point.
mixing method is preferred.
8.2 Sampling from a Container—This procedure is intended
for taking a representative sample of collected fluids held in a
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F-20 on Hazardous
container. When sampling containers, it is advisable to remove
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
as much of the aqueous phase as possible prior to sampling. If
F20.12 on Removal.
Current edition approved May 25, 1990. Published July 1990. Originally
this is possible, measure and record the volume of water
published as F 1084 – 87. Last previous edition F 1084 – 87.
removed, which will contain dissolved hydrocarbons, for later
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3 calculation of the relative oil/water composition. The precision
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.04.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1084
of the measurement will improve with removal of the aqueous
phase.
8.2.1 Mixing Method:
8.2.1.1 Mix the container of stratified oil and water using
any method which will achieve homogeneity during sampling
(high-speed propeller, liquid jet, or homogenizing pump).
Operate the mixer for a minimum of 5 min. Longer mixing
times are preferable to ensure homogeneity.
NOTE 1—Although this mixing method has been geared toward electric
mixers, alternate mixing methods could be used (air or liquid mixing jets,
homogenizing pumps), so long as a homogeneous mixture of the entire
volume is created. Immediately after mixing, obtain a representative
sample of the homogeneous mixture by lowering a 250 to 500-mL
small-mouthed bottle (from which the cap has been removed) at a constant
slow rate from the surface of the mixture to the bottom of the tank.
Immediately remove the bottle by slowly raising it through the mixture. If
necessary, repeat the process to ensure that at least 50 mL of sample will
be available for laboratory analysis. Do not fill the bottle to the top.
8.2.1.2 Limitations—The size of the sampled fluid container
is limited by the mixing capability available for thoroughly
homogenizing the oil and water. Mixtures where the relative oil
content is less than 20 % probably will not form a stable
emulsion for sampling; making this method inappropriate for
these mixtures.
NOTE 2—Certain oils (N-dimethylformamide, military jet engine fuel,
DMF, JP5) will not form stable emulsions. Speed is important in these
cases as the homogeneity of the mixture diminishes rapidly.
8.2.2 Nonmixing Method:
NOTE 1—Align holes on slots in inner and outer sleev
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