ASTM D7320-09a
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method was developed to evaluate automotive engine oils for protection against oil thickening and engine wear during moderately high-speed, high-temperature service.
The increase in oil viscosity obtained in this test indicates the tendency of an oil to thicken because of oxidation. In automotive service, such thickening can cause oil pump starvation and resultant catastrophic engine failures.
The deposit ratings for an oil indicate the tendency for the formation of deposits throughout the engine, including those that can cause sticking of the piston rings in their grooves. This can be involved in the loss of compression pressures in the engine.
The camshaft and lifter wear values obtained in this test provide a measure of the anti-wear quality of an oil under conditions of high unit pressure mechanical contact.
The test method was developed to correlate with oils of known good and poor protection against oil thickening and engine wear. Specially formulated oils that produce less than desirable results with unleaded fuels were also used during the development of this test.
The Sequence IIIG engine oil test has replaced the Sequence IIIF test and can be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:
Specification D4485,
Military Specification MIL-PRF-2104, and
SAE Classification J183.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines.
1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold Cranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT viscosity increase measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorous retention measurement) can be conducted. These supplemental test procedures are contained in Appendixes Appendix X1, Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively.
Note 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Introduction Scope1 Referenced Documents2 Terminology3 Summary of Test Method4 Significance and Use5 Apparatus6 Laboratory6.1 Drawings6.2 Specified Equipment6.3 Test Engine6.4 Engine Parts6.4.1 Engine Speed and Load Control6.5 Fluid Conditioning Module6.6 Engine Cooling System6.6.1 Flushing Tank6.7 Coolant Mixing Tank6.8 Condenser Cooling Systems6.9 Engine Oil-Cooling System6.10 Fuel System6.11 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure6.12 Temperature Measurement6.13 Thermocouple Location6.13.1 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination6.14 Injector Flow Testing6.14.1 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems6.15 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement6.16 Pressure Measurement and Sensor Location6.17 Reagents and Materials7 Test Fuel7.1 Engine and Condenser Coolant7.2 Coolant Additive7.3 Coolant Preparation7.4 Pre-Test Cleaning Materials7.5 Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds7.6 Test Oil Sample Requirements8 Preparation of Apparatus9 Condenser Cleaning9.1 In...
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: D7320 – 09a
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG,
1
Spark-Ignition Engine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7320; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Thetestmethoddescribedinthisstandardcanbeusedbyanyproperlyequippedlaboratory;itdoes
not require the assistance of anyone outside that laboratory. However, the ASTM Test Monitoring
2
Center (TMC) provides reference oils and an assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by
the laboratory (seeAnnexA1). By these means, the laboratory will know whether their use of the test
method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by other laboratories. Furthermore, various
agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services in seeking qualification of oils against
specifications. For example, the U.S. Army imposes such a requirement in connection with several
Army engine lubricating oil specifications.
Accordingly, this test method is written for use by laboratories that utilize the TMC services.
Laboratoriesthatchoosenottousethoseservicesmaysimplyignorethoseportionsofthetestmethod
that refer to the TMC.
ThistestmethodmaybemodifiedbymeansofInformationLettersissuedbytheTMC.Inaddition,
the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda related to the test method (see A1.8).
NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil perfor-
1. Scope
mance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304.
1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish
standard.
deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent
include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade
such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and
oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled
tubing size.
engines, as well as in diesel engines.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental re-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
quirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Cranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
viscosityincreasemeasurement),oraIIIGBTest(phosphorous
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning
retention measurement) can be conducted.These supplemental
statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1.
test procedures are contained in Appendixes Appendix X1,
1.4 This test method is arranged as follows:
Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively.
Section
Introduction
Scope 1
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Referenced Documents 2
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
Terminology 3
D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils.
Summary of Test Method 4
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published November 2009. Originally Significance and Use 5
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D7320–09. DOI: Apparatus 6
Laboratory 6.1
10.1520/D7320-09a.
2
Drawings 6.2
Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM Test Monitoring Center
Specified Equipment 6.3
will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information
Test Engine 6.4
lettersmaybeobtainedfromtheASTMTestMonitoringCenter,6555PennAvenue,
Engine Parts 6.4.1
Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates
Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5
revisions in all information letters through No. 09–1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D7320 – 09a
Section Section
Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6 Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43
Engine Cooling System 6.6.1 Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44
Flushing Tank 6.7 Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45
Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8 External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46
Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9 Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47
Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10 Coolant Charging 9.48
Fuel System 6.11 Test Oil Charging 9.49
Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12 En
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