ASTM D4845-05

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Designation:D4845–05
Standard Terminology Relating to
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Wool
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4845; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D 2252
1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms
DISCUSSION—Alpaca is normally classified according to type, repre-
used in the wool industry. Terms that are generally understood senting particular combinations of characteristics appropriate to a
specific use, or descriptive of geographic origin, breed or species of
or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not
animal, or preparation for market.
defined.
1.2 Other terminology standards of interest are shown in2.1
animal fiber, n—any natural protein-base fiber.
2. Referenced Documents DISCUSSION—(D1474)As used in this standard, “animal fiber” refers
in particular to those fibers covered by the Wool Products LabelingAct
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
of 1939 and “recycled wool” as defined in theAct as amended in 1980.
D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
It also includes, but is not limited to, those fibers listed in Table 1 of
Terminology D 123 D 1574, D 4510
3. Terminology
aqueous extract, n—in wool testing, the solution obtained by
alpaca, n—the fleece and fiber produced by the alpaca, an
digesting a material with water or with a sodium chloride
animal of the genus Llama (Lama glama pacus). The fiber is
solution to dissolve soluble materials. D 2165
obtained from several species, namely, Huacaya and Suri
average fiber diameter, n—in wool and other animal fibers,
DISCUSSION—Alpaca is normally classified according to type, repre-
the average width of a group of fibers when measured on a
senting particular combinations of characteristics appropriate to a
projected image. D 2130, D 2252, D 3991, D 3992
specific use, or descriptive of geographic origin, breed or species of
black felt, n—those classifications of felt manufactured to
animal, or preparation for market.
various shades of the color black. D 2475
There are two varieties of the alpaca animal, the Huacaya and Suri.
burr-wool waste, n—waste removed by the burr guard of
The Suri produces straighter, finer, and longer fibers, but most alpaca
cards or burr pickers having a very short fiber and full of
production is of the Huacaya variety. Alpaca is normally classified
according to type, representing particular combinations of characteris-
burrs or seeds. D 4845
tics appropriate to a specific use, or descriptive of geographic origin,
DISCUSSION—The nature of the waste varies according to the wool
breed or species of animal, or preparation for market (see Appendix
from which the burrs are taken.
X1). D 2252
carbonized and neutralized wool, n—a term descriptive of
acid content, n—of felt,thenumberofmilliequivalentsofacid
scoured wool processed to destroy cellulosic impurities by
present per unit weight of felt, measured under prescribed
treating with a mineral acid or an acid salt, drying and
conditions. D 461
baking, crushing, and dusting out the embrittled cellulosic
alkali-solubility, n—in wool, the percent of clean wool that is
matter followed by neutralization of the acidified wool.
soluble in a specified alkaline solution under controlled
D2118
conditions of temperature and time. D 1283
carded wool, n—scoured wool which has been processed
alpaca, n—the fleece and fiber produced by the alpaca, an
through a carding machine. D 1575
animal of the genus Llama (Lama glama pacus). The fiber is
cashmere, n—in roving, yarn, or fabrics, cashmere hair or
obtained from several species, namely, Huacaya and Suri.
products made therewith having a cashmere coarse-hair
content not exceeding a specified maximum percentage by
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ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
length. D 2816, D 2817
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Felt.
cashmere coarse-hair, n—those coarse fibers in cashmere hair
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Originally
having widths greater than 30 µm.
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D 4845 – 96 (2005).
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DISCUSSION—For the purpose of the source test methods, width shall
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
be determined as directed in Test Method D 2130. D 2816,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. D 2817
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