ASTM D7579-09

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Designation: D7579 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Pyrolysis Solids Content in Pyrolysis Liquids by Filtration
of Solids in Methanol
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7579; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1.1 This test method describes a filtration procedure for
3.1.1 See also Terminology D4175.
determining the pyrolysis solids content of pyrolysis liquid. It
3.1.2 char, n—fine carbonaceous powder that is separated
is intended for the analysis of pyrolysis liquid with all ranges
from the vapors of biomass during pyrolysis.
of pyrolysis solids concentrations.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Pyrolysis liquid biofuel contains uni-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
formly suspended char at varying concentrations.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1.3 pyrolysis, n—chemical decomposition of organic ma-
standard.
terials by heating in the absence of oxygen.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 pyrolysis liquid biofuel, n—liquid product from the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
pyrolysis of biomass.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4.1 Discussion—Pyrolysisliquidbiofueliscomprisedof
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
a complex mixture of the decomposition products of ligno-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Material Safety
cellulosic biomass including highly oxygenated organic com-
Data Sheets are available for reagents and materials. Review
pounds. It is produced from the pyrolysis of biomass, followed
them for hazards prior to usage. For specific warning by the rapid condensation of its vapors.
statements, see 7.2, 7.3, and 7.4.
3.1.5 pyrolysis solids, n—solid particles contained within
the pyrolysis liquid biofuel.
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.5.1 Discussion—Pyrolysis solids consists of ash and
char.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
4. Summary of Test Method
Petroleum Products
4.1 Apyrolysis liquid sample is dissolved in a methanol and
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
dichloromethane solution (1:1), which is then filtered through
Products, and Lubricants
a vacuum filter system. After filtering, the filtrand is washed
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
with the solvent until the filtrate is clear. The filter is removed,
Petroleum Products
dried and weighed. The pyrolysis solids content is calculated
2.2 Other Standards:
based on the original pyrolysis liquid sample.
ESPOO 2001 A guide to physical property characterisation
5. Significance and Use
of biomass-derived fast pyrolysis liquids
5.1 Pyrolysis liquid can be produced to various char con-
centrations. Increasing pyrolysis solids content can affect the
pyrolysis liquid biofuel handling, atomization and storage
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
stability in a negative manner.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.06 on Analysis of Lubricants.
6. Apparatus (see Fig. 1)
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2009. Published October 2009. DOI: 10.1520/
D7579-09.
6.1 Smooth-tip Forceps.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.2 Beaker, 400 mL.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 6.3 Glass Stirring Rod.
AvailablefromVTTEnergy,NewEnergyTechnologies,Biologinkuja3–5,P.O.
6.4 Oven, explosion-proof, capable of maintaining a tem-
Box 1601, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland. http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/publications/2001/
P450.pdf perature of 105 6 3°C.
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D7579 − 09
FIG. 1 Paper Filtration Apparatus
D7579 − 09
6.5 Filtering Flask,1L. 9.5 Add approximately 100 to 200 mL MeOH-DCM solu-
tion (1:1) into the beaker and stir the mixture vigorously to
6.6 Filter Holders, borosilicate glass.
dissolve the pyrolysis liquid in the solvent.
6.7 Filter Membrane, binder free glass microfiber, 1 µm.
9.6 Mount the filter on a dry holder and apply a vacuum.
6.8 Weighing Dish, aluminum.
Mount and securely clamp the filter funnel to the filter holder.
6.9 Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest 0.0001 g
9.7 Use methanol to wash the filter paper to properly seal
(0.1 mg) with a range of 300 g.
the latter to the bottom of the funnel.
6.10 Vacuum.
9.8 Filter the solution through the vacuum filter system on 1
µm filter paper. Quickly but carefully poor the solution into the
7. Reagents and Solvents
center of the funnel. Thoroughly wash the beaker with MeOH-
7.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
DCM solution and return the contents to the funnel. Wash the
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
filtrand with methanol until the filtrate runs clear.
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