ASTM D2782-02

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An American National Standard
Designation:D2782–02
240/84
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating
1
Fluids (Timken Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2782; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the load- 3.1 Definitions:
carrying capacity of lubricating fluids by means of theTimken 3.1.1 extreme pressure (EP) additive, n, in a lubricant—a
Extreme Pressure Tester. substance that minimizes damage to metal surfaces in contact
under high-stress rubbing conditions. D4175
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for testing fluids having a
2 3.1.2 lubricant, n—any substance interposed between two
viscosity of less than about 5000 cSt (5000 mm /s) at 40°C. For testing
surfaces for the purpose of reducing friction or wear between
fluids having a higher viscosity, refer to Note 5 in 9.1.
them. G40
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3 scoring, n, in tribology—a severe form of wear
standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is
characterized by the formation of extensive grooves and
available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when
scratches in the direction of sliding. G40
referring to the equipment and the test specimens.
3.1.4 wear, n—damage to a solid surface generally involv-
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ingprogressivelossofmaterial,duetorelativemotionbetween
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
that surface and a contacting substance or substances. G40
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2.1 load-carrying capacity of a lubricant—as determined
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
by this test method, the maximum load or pressure that can be
tionary statements are given in 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.4, and 9.9.
sustained by the lubricant (when used in the given system
underspecificconditions)withoutfailureoftheslidingcontact
2. Referenced Documents
surfaces as evidenced by scoring or seizure or asperity weld-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing.
D2509 Test Method for Measurement of Load-Carrying
3.2.2 OK value, n—as determined by this test method, the
2
Capacity of Lubricating Grease (Timken Method)
maximummass(weight)addedtotheloadleverweightpan,at
D 4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
which no scoring or seizure occurs.
3
Products, and Lubricants
3.2.3 score value, n—as determined by this test method, the
4
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
minimum mass (weight) added to the load lever weight pan, at
2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
which scoring or seizure occurs.
5
ThreeGlossyPrintsofTestBlocksShowingScars(D2782)
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Whenthelubricantfilmissubstantially
maintained, a smooth scar is obtained on the test block, but
1
when there is a breakdown of the lubricant film, scoring or
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
surface failure of the test block takes place, as shown in Figs.
D02.L0 on Industrial Lubricants.
1 and 2. In its simplest and most recognized form, scoring is
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
characterizedbythefurrowedappearanceofawidescaronthe
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2782–01.
This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP Standard. test block and by excessive pick-up of metal on the surface of
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American
the test cup. The form of surface failure more usually encoun-
Society of Lubrication Engineers. Accepted by STLE January 1969.
tered,however,consistsofacomparativelysmoothscar,which
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
3
shows local damage that usually extends beyond the width of
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.02. the scar. Scratches or striations that occur in an otherwise
5
Available from ASTM International Headquarters, 100 Barr Harbor Drive,
West Conshohocken, PA 19428. Order ADJD2509.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D2782–02
FIG. 1 Test Blocks Showing Various Type
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