ASTM D6417-09
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Estimation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas Chromatography
Standard Test Method for Estimation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas Chromatography
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The determination of engine oil volatility at 371°C (700°F) is a requirement in some lubricant specifications.
This test method is intended as an alternative to Test Methods D 5800 and the Noack method for the determination of engine oil volatility (CEC L-40–93). The data obtained from this test method are not directly equivalent to Test Method D 5800. The calculated results of the oil volatility estimation by this test method can be biased by the presence of additives (polymeric materials), which may not completely elute from the gas chromatographic column, or by heavier base oils not completely eluting from the column. The results of this test method may also not correlate with other oil volatility methods for nonhydrocarbon synthetic oils.
This test method can be used on lubricant products not within the scope of other test methods using simulated distillation methodologies, such as Test Method D 2887.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers an estimation of the amount of engine oil volatilized at 371°C (700°F).
1.1.1 This test method can also be used to estimate the amount of oil volatilized at any temperature between 126 and 371°C, if so desired.
1.2 This test method is limited to samples having an initial boiling point (IBP) greater than 126°C (259°F) or the first calibration point and to samples containing lubricant base oils with end points less than 615°C (1139°F) or the last n-paraffins in the calibration mixture. By using some instruments and columns, it is possible to extend the useful range of the test method.
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology.
1.4 This test method may be applied to both lubricant oil base stocks and finished lubricants containing additive packages. These additive packages generally contain high molecular weight, nonvolatile components that do not elute from the chromatographic column under the test conditions. The calculation procedure used in this test method assumes that all of the sample elutes from the column and is detected with uniform response. This assumption is not true for samples with nonvolatile additives, and application of this test method under such conditions will yield results higher than expected. For this reason, results by this test method are reported as area percent of oil.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are provided for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D6417 − 09
StandardTest Method for
Estimation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers an estimation of the amount of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
engine oil volatilized at 371°C (700°F). D2887Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Pe-
1.1.1 This test method can also be used to estimate the
troleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
amount of oil volatilized at any temperature between 126 and D4626Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic
371°C, if so desired.
Response Factors
D5800Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating
1.2 This test method is limited to samples having an initial
Oils by the Noack Method
boiling point (IBP) greater than 126°C (259°F) or the first
E355PracticeforGasChromatographyTermsandRelation-
calibration point and to samples containing lubricant base oils
ships
withendpointslessthan615°C(1139°F)orthelastn-paraffins
E594Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used
in the calibration mixture. By using some instruments and
in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
columns, it is possible to extend the useful range of the test
E1510Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular
method.
Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distil-
2.2 Coordinating European Council Standard:
lation methodology.
CEC L-40–93Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils (NO-
1.4 This test method may be applied to both lubricant oil 3
ACK Evaporative Tester)
base stocks and finished lubricants containing additive pack-
ages. These additive packages generally contain high molecu-
3. Terminology
lar weight, nonvolatile components that do not elute from the
3.1 Definitions—This test method makes reference to many
chromatographic column under the test conditions. The calcu-
common gas chromatographic procedures, terms, and relation-
lationprocedureusedinthistestmethodassumesthatallofthe
ships. Detailed definitions of these can be found in Practices
sample elutes from the column and is detected with uniform
E355, E594, and E1510.
response. This assumption is not true for samples with non-
volatile additives, and application of this test method under
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
suchconditionswillyieldresultshigherthanexpected.Forthis
3.2.1 area slice—the area resulting from the integration of
reason, results by this test method are reported as area percent
the chromatographic detector signal within a specified reten-
of oil.
tiontimeinterval.Inareaslicemode(see6.5.2),peakdetection
parameters are bypassed and the detector signal integral is
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
recorded as area slices of consecutive, fixed duration time
standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are provided
intervals.
for information only.
3.2.2 corrected area slice—an area slice corrected for base-
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
line offset by subtraction of the exactly corresponding area
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
slice in a previously recorded blank (nonsample) analysis.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Subcommittee D02.04.0H on Chromatographic Distribution Methods. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved June 1, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally Available from Coordinating European Council (CEC), C/o Interlynk Admin-
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D6417–03. DOI: istrative Services, Ltd., P.O. Box 6475, Earl Shilton, Leicester, LE9 9ZB, U.K.,
10.1520/D6417-09. http://www.cectests.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D6417 − 09
3.2.3 cumulative corrected area—the accumulated sum of this test method can be bi
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
An American National Standard
Designation:D6417–03 Designation: D 6417 – 09
Standard Test Method for
Estimation of Engine Oil Volatility by Capillary Gas
1
Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers an estimation of the amount of engine oil volatilized at 371°C (700°F).
1.1.1 This test method can also be used to estimate the amount of oil volatilized at any temperature between 126 and 371°C,
if so desired.
1.2 Thistestmethodislimitedtosampleshavinganinitialboilingpoint(IBP)greaterthan126°C(259°F)orthefirstcalibration
pointandtosamplescontaininglubricantbaseoilswithendpointslessthan615°C(1139°F)orthelastn-paraffinsinthecalibration
mixture. By using some instruments and columns, it is possible to extend the useful range of the test method.
1.3 This test method uses the principles of simulated distillation methodology.
1.4 Thistestmethodmaybeappliedtobothlubricantoilbasestocksandfinishedlubricantscontainingadditivepackages.These
additive packages generally contain high molecular weight, non-volatile components that do not elute from the chromatographic
column under the test conditions. The calculation procedure used in this test method assumes that all of the sample elutes from
the column and is detected with uniform response. This assumption is not true for samples with nonvolatile additives, and the
results might be biased high relative to Test Method D5480, which uses an internal standard to account for the uneluted
material.application of this test method under such conditions will yield results higher than expected. For this reason, results by
this test method are reported as area percent of oil.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values stated in inch-pound units are provided for
information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2887 Test Method for Boiling Range Distribution of Petroleum Fractions by Gas Chromatography
D4626 PracticeforCalculationofGasChromatographicResponseFactorsD5480TestMethodforMotorOilVolatilitybyGas
Chromatography
D5800 Test Method for Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils by the Noack Method
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
2.2 DIN Standard:
2.2 Coordinating European Council Standard:
3
DIN 51.581 Noack Evaporative Test CEC L-40–93 Evaporation Loss of Lubricating Oils (NOACK Evaporative Tester)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Thistestmethodmakesreferencetomanycommongaschromatographicprocedures,terms,andrelationships.
Detailed definitions of these can be found in Practices E355, E594, and E1510.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04.0H
on Hydrocarbon Analysis. Chromatographic Distribution Methods.
CurrenteditionapprovedMay10,2003.June1,2009.PublishedJune2003.2009.Originallyapprovedin1999.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin20022003asD6417–023.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Withdrawn.
3
Available from Coordinating European Council (CEC), C/o Interlynk Administrative Services, Ltd., P.O. Box 6475, Earl Shilton, Leicester, LE9 9ZB, U.K.,
http://www.cectests.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6417–09
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 area slice—thearearesultingfromtheintegrationofthechromatographicdetect
...
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