ASTM B945-21

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Designation: B945 − 06 (Reapproved 2014) B945 − 21
Standard Practice for
Aluminum Alloy Extrusions Press Cooled from an Elevated
Temperature Shaping Process for Production of T1, T2, T5
and T10–TypeT10-Type Tempers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B945; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Scope*
1.1 This practice establishes the controls necessary for production of extrusions cooled from an elevated temperature shaping
(extrusion) process for the production of T1, T2, T5 and T10–typeT10-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1).H35.1/H35.1M).
1.2 This practice is for production of extruded product supplied in the 6xxx and 7xxx alloys shown in Table 1 in the T1, T2, T5
or T10–type tempers. T10-type tempers (see ANSI H35.1/H35.1M). It contains pertinent information to be used in establishing
production practices and is descriptive rather than prescriptive. For the attainment of T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 and T9-type tempers by
extrusion press solution heat treatment, refer to Practice B807/B807M.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 The following documents of the issue in effect on the date of material purchase form a part of this standard to the extent
referenced herein:
2.2 ASTM Standards:
B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
B647 Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Webster Hardness Gage
E648B648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy SourceIndentation
Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Barcol Impressor
B807/B807M Practice for Extrusion Press Solution Heat Treatment for Aluminum Alloys
B881 Terminology Relating to Aluminum- and Magnesium-Alloy Products
B918 Practice for Heat Treatment of Wrought Aluminum Alloys
E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic Materials
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on Light Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.03 on Aluminum Alloy
Wrought Products.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2014Dec. 1, 2021. Published November 2014December 2021. Originally approved in 1925. Last previous edition approved in 20062014
as B945 – 06.B945 – 06 (2014). DOI: 10.1520/B0945-06R14.10.1520/B0945-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
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B945 − 21
A
TABLE 1 Extrusion Billet or Log Temperature High Limit
Billet or Log
Alloy Temperature
Upper °F
6005, 6005A, 6105, 6061, 6162, 6351 1050
6060, 6063, 6101, 6463, 6560 1060
7005, 7116, 7129 1000
A
TABLE 1 Extrusion Billet or Log Temperature High Limit
Billet or Log
Alloy Temperature
Upper °F
6060, 6360, 6560, 6063, 6463 1060
6005, 6005A, 6105, 6205, 6042, 6151, 6351, 6061, 6162, 1050
7004, 7005 1060
7003, 7116, 7029, 7129 980
A
These upper limit temperatures avoid the possibility of eutectic melting due to
overheating, and include a safety factor of approximately 25°F.
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E2281 Practice for Process Capability and Performance Measurement
2.3 ANSI Standard:
H35.1H35.1/H35.1M Alloy and Temper Designation Systems for Aluminum
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Refer to Terminology B881 for Definitions of Product terms used in this specification.
4. Equipment
NOTE 1—Equipment includes billet preheating, extruding and quenching.
4.1 Prior to being extruded, aluminum alloys are heated to a temperature not to exceed the temperatures shown in Table 1. Usual
heating methods include, but are not limited to, induction, flame impingement, or forced air. Controls shall be adequate to ensure
that the equipment can be operated in a manner which precludes metal overheating or deleterious contamination of the metal by
the furnace environment.
4.1.1 Temperature control and recording devices used to measure temperature shall be calibrated as specified in 5.2.
4.2 Quenching—Quenching methods may consist of, but are not limited to, air, water or water/glycol mixture in forced air, water
spray, fog or mist, standing wave, a quench tank or another pressurized water device, or a combination thereof. The quench
equipment shall be used in a manner such that the quench parameters can be controlled and recorded.
5. Quality Assurance, Calibration and Testing
5.1 Process Documentation:
5.1.1 Extrusion thermal practices shall be established, documented, controlled and monitored so that shipped product meets order
requirements.
5.1.1.1 Capability—The producer’s process shall have been proven capable per Practice E2281, with documented evidence of
statistically verified capability, to produce product in various product classes which conforms to required mechanical property
minimums. Methods to establish capability are defined in Practice E2281. Appropriate models shall be used for representation of
the data as well as the generation of control charts. For further information see ASTM MNL7A .
5.1.2 Recommended time measurements:
Available from the Aluminum Association, Inc., 1525 Wilson Blvd., 1400 Crystal Dr., Suite 430, Arlington, VA 22209, www.aluminum.org22202, http://
www.aluminum.org.
Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart Analysis, Seventh Edition, ASTM MNL7A, ASTM International, 2002.
B945 − 21
5.1.2.1 Time interval between removal of the billet from the billet heating equipment and start of extrusion,
5.1.2.2 Time interval between the metal exiting from press and its entering the quench, and
5.1.2.3 Time interval between metal entry into and exit from the quench below the identified critical maximum temperature.
5.2 Calibration—Temperature control and recording devices used to measure temperature shall be calibrated in accordance with
documented calibration practices.
5.2.1 Temperature Measuring System Accuracy—The accuracy of any temperature sensing system shall be within 61 %.
5.3 Records—Records shall be maintained for each extrusion press/quench facility involved in the production of extrusions cooled
from an elevated temperature shaping process to show compliance with this practice. The records shall include identification of
the specific press involved (which includes metal heating and quenching equipment), the frequency and results of calibration of
measurement equipment used for control, and the dates and description of equipment repairs or alteration and instances of
disqualification and corrective action.
5.4 Process Surveillance Tests:
5.4.1 Test Requirements:
5.4.1.1 Surveillance tests of heating, extrusion, and quench facilities operated
...