ASTM D4898-90(2010)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4898–90 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
Insoluble Contamination of Hydraulic Fluids by Gravimetric
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4898; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope F302 Practice for Field Sampling of Aerospace Fluids in
Containers
1.1 This test method covers the determination of insoluble
F303 Practices for Sampling for Particles in Aerospace
contamination in hydraulic fluids by gravimetric analyses. The
Fluids and Components
contamination determined includes both particulate and gel-
F312 Test Methods for Microscopical Sizing and Counting
like matter, organic and inorganic, which is retained on a
Particles from Aerospace Fluids on Membrane Filters
membranefilterdiskofporediameterasrequiredbyapplicable
F314 Test Methods for Identification of Metallic and Fi-
specifications (usually 0.45 µm or 0.80 µm).
brous Contaminants in Aerospace Fluids
1.2 To indicate the nature and distribution of the particulate
2.2 Military Standard:
contamination, the gravimetric method should be supple-
MIL-C-81302C Cleaning Compound Solvent Trichlorotrif-
mented by occasional particle counts of typical samples in
luoroethane
accordance with Test Method F312.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Summary of Test Method
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.1 The insoluble contamination is determined by passing a
standard.
given quantity of a fluid sample through a membrane filter disk
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
and measuring the resultant increase in the weight of the filter.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
The fluid sample is drawn through the filter by a vacuum and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the insoluble contamination is collected on the surface of the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
filter. In addition, the filter disk is microscopically scanned for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific
excessively large particles, fibers, or other unusual conditions.
warning statement, see 6.1.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
2 4.1 This test method indicates and measures the amount of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids. Minimizing the
A555/A555M Specification for General Requirements for
levels of insoluble contamination of hydraulic fluids is essen-
Stainless Steel Wire and Wire Rods
tial for the satisfactory performance and long life of the
D1836 Specification for Commercial Hexanes
equipment. Insoluble contamination can not only plug filters
D2021 Specification for Neutral Detergent, 40 Percent
but can damage functional system components resulting in
Alkylbenzene Sulfonate Type
wear and eventual system failure.
E319 Practice for the Evaluation of Single-Pan Mechanical
Balances
5. Apparatus
5.1 Microbalance, accurate to 0.005 mg, and the zero shall
1 not drift more than 0.005 mg during the test period. The rated
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
accuracy shall be obtainable by personnel actually making the
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.N0.02 on Industrial Applications.
weighings, under actual conditions of use and shall be verified
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally
in accordance with Practice E319.
approved in 1965. Test Method F313 was redesignated as D4898 in 1988. Last
5.2 Membrane Filter Support, fritted glass, sintered metal,
previous edition approved in 2005 as D4898–90(2005). DOI: 10.1520/D4898-
90R10. or stainless steel screen, to support 25-mm or 47 to 51-mm
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
the ASTM website. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D4898–90 (2010)
membrane filters. The support shall be designed to enable 7.2 The following ASTM sampling test methods should be
attachment of a vacuum flask. used when applicable: Practices F302 and F303.
5.3 Filtration Funnel, glass or stainless steel, minimum
8. Preparation of Apparatus
capacity 15 mL, designed to enable attachment to the mem-
brane filter support by means of a suitable clamping device.
8.1 The filtration funnel, petri dishes, graduated cylinders,
The filter funnel is calibrated to indicate volume.
and sample bottles shall be cleaned before each use by the
5.4 Vacuum Flask, 250-mL, with rubber stopper.
following method:
5.5 Filtered Liquid Dispensers (2)—Washing bottles or 8.1.1 Thoroughly wash in a solution of detergent and hot
otherdispenserscapableofdeliveringliquidthrougha0.45-µm
water.
in-line membrane filter. 8.1.2 Rinse with hot tap water and finally with distilled or
5.6 Air Ionizer, alpha emitter, 18.5 MBq, of polonium-210,
deionized water.
with a useful life of 1.5 years to a final value of 1.1 MBq. 8.1.3 Rinse twice with filtered isopropyl alcohol (delivered
5.7 Membrane Filters (2), 25 mm or 47 to 51 mm in
through a filtered liquid dispenser).
diameter, with pore diameter as required. 8.1.4 Rinse twice with filtered commercial hexane (deliv-
5.8 Microscope, capable of 353 magnification.
ered through filtered liquid dispenser).
5.9 Vacuum Source, capable of pulling 550 mm Hg. An
8.1.5 Leave approximately 1 mL of commercial hexane in
electrically driven vacuum pump must be explosion-proof.
the bottom of each sample bottle. Replace sample bottle cap.
5.10 Drying Oven, capable of maintaining a temperature of
(Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled. Skin irritant on
80°C.
repeated contact. Eye irritant. Aspiration hazard.)
5.11 Sample Bottles, with contamination-proof caps.
9. Procedure
Aluminum-foil wrapped stoppers or polyethylene liners be-
tween cap and bottle have proved satisfactory.
9.1 Select two membrane filters of the pore diameter re-
5.12 Graduated Cylinder, 100-mL (May be replaced by
quired. Allow the filters to stabilize to equilibrium with
volume-calibrated filter funnel.)
ambient room conditions. Record room temperature and rela-
5.13 Petri Dishes, covered glass, 150 mm in diameter.
tive humidity.
5.14 Forceps, with unserrated tips.
9.2 Take precautions to minimize apparatus contamination
5.15 Calibration Weights, for microbalance, 10 mg and 20
from airborne dust. Use a protective hood or cover.
mg,accurateto0.005mgandmadef
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