ASTM D6943-03

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:D6943–03
Standard Practice for
Immersion Testing of Industrial Protective Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6943; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-
Sectioning Means
1.1 This practice establishes procedures for the evaluation
D4417 Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface
of the resistance of industrial protective coatings to immersion
Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
in chemicals.
D4541 TestMethodforPull-OffStrengthofCoatingsUsing
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
Portable Adhesion Testers
standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information
D5162 Practice for Discontinuity (Holiday)Testing of Non-
only.
conductive Protective Coating on Metallic Substrates
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
D6132 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Dry FilmThickness ofApplied Organic Coatings Using an
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Ultrasonic Gage
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
D6577 Guide for Testing Industrial Protective Coatings
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
2. Referenced Documents G113 TerminologyRelatingtoNaturalandArtificialWeath-
ering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ASTM Manual MNL8 ASTM Manual on Maintenance
C868 Test Method for Chemical Resistance of Protective
Coatings for Nuclear Power Plants
Linings
2.2 NACE Standard:
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials,
TM 0174-2002 Laboratory Methods for the Evaluation of
and Applications
Protective Coatings and Lining Materials on Metallic
D610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted
Substrates in Immersion Service
Steel Surfaces
2.3 SSPC/NACE Joint Standards:
D714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of
SSPC-SP5/NACE 1 White Metal Blast Cleaning
Paints
SSPC-SP10/NACE 2 Near White Blast Cleaning
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of
SSPC-SP13/NACE 6 Surface Preparation of Concrete
Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to
a Ferrous Base
3. Terminology
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of
3.1 The definitions given in Terminologies G113 and D16
DryFilmThicknessofNonconductiveCoatingsAppliedto
are applicable to this practice.
a Nonferrous Metal Base
D2200 Practice for Use of Pictorial Surface Preparation
4. Significance and Use
Standards and Guides for Painting Steel Surfaces
4.1 Protective coatings are used on metallic and concrete
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
storage and processing vessels, shipping containers, dams and
D3363 Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test
rail cars to protect the substrate from corrosive attack and to
D4138 PracticesforMeasurementofDryFilmThicknessof
protect stored materials (cargo) from contamination. This
method provides a means to assess the ability of a protective
coating to resist degradation by chemicals and to protect the
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
liquid cargo from contamination by either the substrate or
Subcommittee D01.46 on Industrial Protective Coatings.
coating, based on visual observations. Other measures of
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. DOI:
degradation, such as changes in weight or dimensions of the
10.1520/D6943-03.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from NACE International (NACE), 1440 South Creek Dr., Houston,
the ASTM website. TX 77084-4906, http://www.nace.org.
3 5
Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced Available from Society for Protective Coatings (SSPC), 40 24th St., 6th Floor,
on www.astm.org. Pittsburgh, PA 15222-4656, http://www.sspc.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
D6943–03
coating material, or chemical changes to the cargo, may be 5.3.1 For panels to be fully immersed, apply the coating
used to assess this protective ability as mutually agreed upon system to all test panel surfaces that will be subjected to
between contracting parties. exposure.
4.2 This standard practice covers three approaches to con- 5.3.2 Apply the coating system according to the manufac-
turer’s instructions appropriate for actual or anticipated service
ducting evaluations of a lining coating materials fitness for
purpose. conditions. Edges should be protected unless the intent of the
experiment is to evaluate the performance of the coating on
4.2.1 Method A—Evaluation of specimens under conditions
edges. For coatings to be tested under Method A (immersion
of constant temperature at atmospheric pressure, (that is,
with no temperature gradient) or Method C (immersion at high
without a thermal gradient).
pressure), apply the candidate coating to the back of the panel
4.2.2 Method B—Evaluation of specimens under conditions
in addition to the front and the edges to prevent effects from
which provide a temperature gradient across the sample: The
dissimilar coatings.
temperature may increase from coated side to uncoated side
5.3.3 Dry film thickness of the coating shall be agreed upon
(Method B1) or decrease from coated side to uncoated side
between purchaser and seller.
(Method B2).
5.3.3.1 Measure dry film thickness of coating applied to
4.2.3 Method C—Evaluation of specimens under conditions
ferrous surface in accordance with Test Methods D1186.
of constant temperature and increased pressure, (that is, with-
5.3.3.2 Measure dry film thickness of coating applied to
out a thermal gradient).
non-ferrous metallic surfaces in accordance with Test Methods
4.3 Exposure of materials of known performance (a control)
D1400 or D6132.
at the same time as the test material is recommended.
5.3.3.3 Measure dry film thickness of linings applied to
concrete or cementitious surfaces in accordance with Test
5. Preparation of Test Specimens
Method D6132. Alternatively, measure dry film thickness of
5.1 Metallic Panels:
linings applied to concrete or cementitious surfaces by using
5.1.1 Usecarbonsteelpanelswithaminimumtestsizeof51
sacrificial surfaces prepared concurrently with test specimens
by 102 mm (2 by 4 in.), minimum thickness 6.4 mm ( ⁄8 in.),
in accordance with Test Methods D4138.
unless otherwise agreed upon by purchaser and supplier.
5.3.4 Examinethecoatedsurfaceforholidaysinaccordance
with Practice D5162. For test plates and concrete blocks, no
NOTE 1—Test plates with a minimum width of 25 mm (1 in.) may be
used if the film thickness is sufficiently uniform to prevent edge effects.
holidays are acceptable unless agreed upon between purchaser
and seller.
5.1.2 Usenominal4.8mm( ⁄16in.)thickcarbonsteelpanels
in coating tests if a temperature gradient is included in the
6. Sampling
immersion test, unless otherwise agreed upon by purchaser and
6.1 Test chemicals are to be representative of test materials
supplier.
expected in actual service.
5.1.3 The minimum surface preparation is abrasive blast
6.2 Prepare at least two test panels or blocks per coating
cleaning to Near-White Metal condition as defined by ASTM
system for each test material.
D2200 and by SSPC-SP10/NACE 2. The abrasive and feed
6.3 Prepare at least one test panel or block per coating
pressure shall be selected to produce an anchor pattern, which
system to be used as a file specimen (control specimen).
is compatible with the coating system and acceptable to the
6.4 Retain an unused portion of each test medium as a
coating manufacturer.
blank.
5.1.4 Unless otherwise specified or agreed upon by pur-
chaser and seller, surface preparation shall be “White Metal
7. Test Methods
Blast Cleaning” according to SSPC-SP5/NACE 1, with surface
profile of 38 to 60 micrometers (1.5 to 3.5 mils) as determined
NOTE 2—This standard describes three methods for immersion testing
by Method C of Test Methods D4417.
of protective coatings and linings. Section 8 provides recommended
5.1.5 Othermetallicsubstrates,paneldimensions,orsurface examination methods and intervals between evaluations for the methods
described below.
preparation are acceptable if agreeable to concerned parties.
5.2 Concrete and Cementitious Panels:
7.1 Method A—Immersion with No Temperature Gradient:
5.2.1 Cementitious Panels—The minimum panel size is 51
7.1.1 Test Apparatus:
by102by25mm(2by4by1in.).Preparecementitiouspanels
7.1.1.1 A closed vessel constructed of glass or other inert
by abrasive blast cleaning in accordance with SSPC-SP13/
material is used with capacity to hold one or more test
NACE 6 or by other method agreed upon between purchaser
specimens with means to relieve pressure if operated at
and supplier.
elev
...