ASTM D6061-01
(Practice)Standard Practice for Evaluating the Performance of Respirable Aerosol Samplers
Standard Practice for Evaluating the Performance of Respirable Aerosol Samplers
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the performance of personal samplers of non-fibrous respirable aerosol. The samplers are assessed relative to a specific respirable sampling convention. The convention is one of several that identify specific particle size fractions for assessing health effects of airborne particles. When a health effects assessment has been based on a specific convention it is appropriate to use that same convention for setting permissible exposure limits in the workplace and ambient environment and for monitoring compliance. The conventions, which define inhalable, thoracic, and respirable aerosol sampler ideals, have now been adopted by the International Standards Organization (Technical Report ISO TR 7708), the Comit Europen de Normalisation (CEN Standard EN 481), and the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH, Ref (1)), developed (2) in part from health-effects studies reviewed in Ref (3) and in part as a compromise between definitions proposed in Refs (3,4).
1.2 This practice is complimentary to Test Method D 4532, which specifies a particular instrument, the 10-mm cyclone. The sampler evaluation procedures presented in this practice have been applied in the testing of the 10-mm cyclone as well as the Higgins-Dewell cyclone.3,4 Details on the evaluation have been recently published (5-7) and can be incorporated into revisions of Test Method D 4532.
1.3 A central aim of this practice is to provide information required for characterizing the uncertainty of concentration estimates from samples taken by candidate samplers. For this purpose, sampling accuracy data from the performance tests given here can be combined with information as to analytical and sampling pump uncertainty obtained externally. The practice applies principles of ISO GUM, expanded to cover situations common in occupational hygiene measurement, where the measurand varies markedly in both time and space. A general approach (8) for dealing with this situation relates to the theory of tolerance intervals and may be summarized as follows: Sampling/analytical methods undergo extensive evaluations and are subsequently applied without re-evaluation at each measurement, while taking precautions (for example, through a quality assurance program) that the method remains stable. Measurement uncertainty is then characterized by specifying the evaluation confidence (for example, 95 %) that confidence intervals determined by measurements bracket measurand values at better than a given rate (for example, 95 %). Moreover, the systematic difference between candidate and idealized aerosol samplers can be expressed as a relative bias, which has proven to be a useful concept and is included in the specification of accuracy (3.2.9-3.2.10).
1.4 Units of the International System of Units (SI) are used throughout this practice and should be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: D 6061 – 01
Standard Practice for
Evaluating the Performance of Respirable Aerosol
1
Samplers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6061; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope given here can be combined with information as to analytical
and sampling pump uncertainty obtained externally. The prac-
1.1 This practice covers the evaluation of the performance
tice applies principles of ISO GUM, expanded to cover
of personal samplers of non-fibrous respirable aerosol. The
situations common in occupational hygiene measurement,
samplers are assessed relative to a specific respirable sampling
where the measurand varies markedly in both time and space.
convention. The convention is one of several that identify
Ageneral approach (8) for dealing with this situation relates to
specific particle size fractions for assessing health effects of
the theory of tolerance intervals and may be summarized as
airborne particles. When a health effects assessment has been
follows: Sampling/analytical methods undergo extensive
basedonaspecificconventionitisappropriatetousethatsame
evaluationsandaresubsequentlyappliedwithoutre-evaluation
convention for setting permissible exposure limits in the
at each measurement, while taking precautions (for example,
workplace and ambient environment and for monitoring com-
through a quality assurance program) that the method remains
pliance.Theconventions,whichdefineinhalable,thoracic,and
stable. Measurement uncertainty is then characterized by
respirable aerosol sampler ideals, have now been adopted by
specifying the evaluation confidence (for example, 95%) that
the International Standards Organization (Technical Report
confidence intervals determined by measurements bracket
ISOTR 7708), the Comité Européen de Normalisation (CEN
measurand values at better than a given rate (for example,
Standard EN 481), and the American Conference of Govern-
2
95%). Moreover, the systematic difference between candidate
mentalIndustrialHygienists(ACGIH,Ref (1)), developed (2)
and idealized aerosol samplers can be expressed as a relative
in part from health-effects studies reviewed in Ref (3) and in
bias, which has proven to be a useful concept and is included
part as a compromise between definitions proposed in Refs
in the specification of accuracy (3.2.9-3.2.10).
(3,4).
1.4 Units of the International System of Units (SI) are used
1.2 This practice is complimentary to Test Method D4532,
3 throughout this practice and should be regarded as standard.
which specifies a particular instrument, the 10-mm cyclone.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
The sampler evaluation procedures presented in this practice
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
have been applied in the testing of the 10-mm cyclone as well
3,4
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
as the Higgins-Dewell cyclone. Details on the evaluation
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
have been recently published (5-7) and can be incorporated
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
into revisions of Test Method D4532.
1.3 A central aim of this practice is to provide information
2. Referenced Documents
required for characterizing the uncertainty of concentration
5
2.1 ASTM Standards:
estimates from samples taken by candidate samplers. For this
D1356 Terminology Relating to Atmospheric Sampling
purpose, sampling accuracy data from the performance tests
and Analysis
D4532 Test Method for Respirable Dust in Workplace
Atmospheres
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D22 on Sampling
D 6062M Performance Specifications for Samplers of
and Analysis of Atmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D22.04 on Workplace Atmospheres. Health-Related Aerosol Fractions
Current edition approved October 10, 2001. Published December 2001. Origi-
D6552 Practice for Controlling and Characterizing Errors
nally published as D6061–96. Last previous edition D6061–96.
in Weighing Collected Aerosols
2
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of
this practice.
3
If you are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to
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ASTMHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameeting For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
of the responsible technical committee, which you may attend. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4
The sole source of supply of the Higgins-Dewell cyclo
...
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