ASTM E875-00

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation:E875–00
Standard Test Method for
Efficacy of Fungal Control Agents as Preservatives for
Aqueous-Based Products Used in the Paper Industry
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 875; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This laboratory test method is used to determine the 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
efficacy of a fungal control agent to prevent spoilage of 3.1.1 fungal control agent, n—an agent that either kills or
in-process aqueous-based products used in the paper industry. prevents growth of fungi and either kills or prevents the
1.2 For information on bacterial control agents, see Test germination of fungal spores. This term is applied to chemical
Method E 723. biocidal or biostatic agents.
1.3 It is the responsibility of the investigator to determine 3.1.2 preservative, n—chemical agent used to prevent mi-
whether good laboratory practices (GLP) are required and to crobial soilage of products due to microbial growth.
follow them when appropriate (see 40 CFR, 160).
4. Summary of Test Method
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4.1 Aqueous material to be preserved is inoculated with an
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- appropriate fungal inoculum followed by addition of a concen-
tration of fungal control agent that will kill the fungi or prevent
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. their growth for a desired period of time, or both. In addition,
the agent will also prevent fungal spore germination. Fungal
1.5 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is required
for these procedures. growth is determined by visible signs of deterioration in the
test sample, and by obtaining fungal numbers and comparing
2. Referenced Documents
them to a sample without any fungal control agent. The proper
2.1 ASTM Standards: level of fungal control agent is one that prevents product
D 1193 Specification for Reagent Water deterioration and reduces and keeps the organisms to an
E 599 Test Method for Efficacy of Slimicides for the Paper acceptable level in the test material, as determined by the tester
Industry—Fungal Slime or user.
E 600 Test Method for Efficacy of Slimicides for the Paper
3 5. Significance and Use
Industry—Bacterial Slime
5.1 This test method should be used to determine if a fungal
E 723 Test Method for Efficacy of Antimicrobials as Pre-
servatives for Aqueous-Based Products Used in the Paper control agent is effective to preserve pigment suspensions, dye
solutions, pulp slurries, starch solutions, polymers, sizing
Industry (Bacterial Spoilage)
2.2 Federal Standard: agents, latex emulsions, and other specific aqueous-based
materials used in the paper industry. Separate evaluations
40 CFR, Part 160, Good Laboratory Practice Standards
should be made on a representative type for each specific class
of product to be preserved.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E35 on
NOTE 1—Control of bacterial spoilage of similar products can be
Pesticides and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E35.15 onAntimicrobial
evaluated by Test Method E 723.
Agents.
NOTE 2—Slimicides for control of fungal or bacterial slime can be
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published January 2001. Originally
evaluated by Test Methods E 599 and E 600.
published as E 875 – 82. Last previous edition E 875 – 94.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
6. Apparatus
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
6.1 Two Balances, One should be sensitive to 0.1 g at a load
the ASTM website.
of 200 g with a platform to accommodate bottles being used in
Withdrawn.
the test. The second balance (analytical) should be sensitive to
Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing
Office, Washington, DC 20402. 0.1 mg and used for weighing test chemicals.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM
International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
E875–00
6.2 Clean Sample Containers , (120 mL containers with control agent, the use of standard fungal cultures is recom-
screw- cap lids are ideal for test aliquots.) Other suitable mended (see 8.2). If attempting to qualify a fungal control
containers include milk dilution bottle, 4 oz glass bottles, or agent for a particularly difficult, or highly specific preservation
sterile sampling bags. application, the use of spoiled product or fungal organisms
6.3 Flaming Equipment—An alcohol lamp, bunsen burner, isolated from the problem system, or similar systems, may be
orelectricdevicemaybeusedtoflameinoculatingneedlesand appropriate (see 8.3 and 8.4).
other equipment. 8.2 Standard fungal cultures suitable for this procedure
6.4 Incubators—Incubators that control the temperature of include the following:
the test 6 2°C. Temperatures for test should be temperature at
8.2.1 Aspergillus niger: ATCC 6275.
which the product will be stored. 8.2.2 Penicillium pinophalum: ATCC 9644.
6.5 Petri Dishes, 100 by 15-mm, plastic or borosilicate
8.2.3 Trichoderma virens: ATCC 9645.
glass, sterile.
8.2.4 Candida albicans: ATCC 10231.
6.6 pH Measurement—Any pH meter is suitable to stan-
8.2.5 Saccharomyces cerevisiae: ATCC 4111.
dardize the pH of the culture medium or to determine pH of
8.3 To prepare an inoculum of spoilage organisms a spoiled
samples. Nonbleeding test strips may be used for determining
sample should be streaked onto plates of Sabouraud Maltose
pH of test aliquots.
Agar (or other media selected) to verify that the sample
6.7 Pipets, 1.0-mL graduated in 0.01 mL and 10-mL gradu-
containsviablefungi.Whenfungalcontaminationisverified,if
atedin0.1mL.Serologicalpipetsshouldnotbeusedforhighly
sampleislargeenough,itmaybeuseddirectlyastheinoculum
viscous materials. Automatic pipettors may be used.
(see 10.1). If sample is too small for use as inoculum, add the
6.8 Pipetting Aid, rubber bulb or other device to eliminate
spoiled sample to a larger sample of unprotected material and
mouth pipetting.
incubate for 7 to 14 days at an appropriate temperature (based
6.9 Sterilizers, pressurized steam sterilizer or hot air oven
onuseconditions)untilspoiled.Thenproceedwithtesting(see
capable of reaching 180 6 2°C for 2 6 0.2h.
10.1).
6.10 Swabs, sterile, for aiding in removal of fungal spores
8.4 If fungi isolated from spoiled material are to be used,
from slants.
proceed with testing as for standard fungal organisms.
6.11 Sterile Funnel, with sterile glass wool for filtration of
spore suspension.
9. Inoculum Preparation
6.12 Sterile Glass Beads, (3-5 mm).
9.1 Standard Fungi and Fungal Isolates— Organisms
6.13 Tubes, for preparation of slanted media.
should b
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