ASTM D609-17(2022)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D609 − 17 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Practice for
Preparation of Cold-Rolled Steel Panels for Testing Paint,
Varnish, Conversion Coatings, and Related Coating
Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D609; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope A109/A109M Specification for Steel, Strip, Carbon (0.25
Maximum Percent), Cold-Rolled
1.1 This practice covers various types of cold rolled steel
A1008/A1008M Specification for Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled,
panels and the procedures to be followed in their preparation
Carbon, Structural, High-Strength Low-Alloy, High-
for testing paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings, and
Strength Low-Alloy with Improved Formability, Required
related products.
Hardness, Solution Hardened, and Bake Hardenable
1.2 The procedures are as follows:
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits)
Procedure A—Conversion coatings (phosphates, chromates,
(Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
etc.)
Procedure B—Vapor degreasing
3. Summary of Practice
Procedure C—Solvent brushing
3.1 Several procedures are described for the preparation and
Procedure D—Solvent wiping
cleaning of the steel test panels shown in Table 1.
Procedure E—Alkaline cleaning
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
4. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4.1 Theproceduresdescribedinthispracticearedesignedto
only.
provide steel panels with a uniform and reproducible surface
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings, and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
related products.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5. Test Panels
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5.1 Prepare the test panels from rust and stain-free cold-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
rolled steel as described in 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, and Table 1. The
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
panels shall be made to a size and thickness as agreed upon
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
between the purchaser and seller. Edges shall be smooth and
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
corners rounded. The steel may have been coated at the mill
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
with a suitable rust preventive compound for protection during
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
shipment and storage. However, long-term steel storage with
oil on the surface may cause an oil/steel reaction known as oil
2. Referenced Documents
stain. Since such stains inhibit chemical bonding, the steel
2.1 ASTM Standards:
selected for panels shall be free of oil stain and other visible
processing variation caused by pickling or annealing.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and
5.2 Type 1 steel has a matte finish produced by steel mill
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
rolls that have been grit blasted. This finish is typical of
Subcommittee D01.27 on Accelerated Testing.
cold-rolled steel used for painted surfaces on automobiles,
Current edition approved June 1, 2022. Published June 2022. Originally
appliances, etc. Such surfaces can be partially characterized by
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D609 – 17. DOI:
10.1520/D0609-17R22.
measuring the average peak-to-valley distance and the number
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
of peaks per unit area. However, conversion coating and paint
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
performance on such surfaces may vary because of different
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. oxidation, annealing procedures, and surface conditions.
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D609 − 17 (2022)
TABLE 1 Steel Panels
NOTE 1— µ in. = microinches; nm = nanometer.
Hardness Roughness (Arithmetic Mean), µ in.
Type No. Description Thickness, in. (mm) ASTM Specification
(Rockwell B) (nm)
1 Cold-rolled steel, as rolled 0.024 to 0.038 (0.6 to 1.0) 40–75 25–65 (760–1650) A109/A109M,
(matte) A1008/A1008M
2 Cold-rolled steel, flat-polished 0.024 to 0.038 (0.6 to 1.0) 40–75 flat polished to 15–50 A109/A109M,
one side (380–1270) A1008/A1008M
3 Cold-rolled steel, as rolled 0.010 to 0.024 (0.25 to 0.6) 40–75 less than 20 (500) A109/A109M,
(smooth) A1008/A1008M
the purchaser and the supplier.
5.3 Type 2 steel panels are flat polished (or “ground”) after
the steel has been received from the mill. Flat polishing is a
6.4 Procedure C: Solvent Brushing—Power-brush scrub the
method of mechanically grinding the surface with abrasive
panel with mineral spirits (Specification D235). When all
belts to remove surface contaminants and provide a more
soluble and loosely adhering soil has been washed off, flush
uniform and reproducible surface for testing. Flat-polished
with clean mineral spirits. Dry at a temperature of 52 to 93 °C
panels are not representative of the surface on which most
(125 to 200 °F) before use or storage (see Note 1).
coatings are applied, because polishing significa
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