ASTM D3704-96(2006)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D3704–96 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Test Method for
Wear Preventive Properties of Lubricating Greases Using
the (Falex) Block on Ring Test Machine in Oscillating
Motion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3704; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1.1 Discussion—A distinction is often made between
static coeffıcient of friction and kinetic coeffıcient of friction.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of wear
G40
properties of lubricating greases by means of the Falex
3.1.2 friction force, n—the resisting force tangential to the
block-on-ring friction and wear test machine.
interface between two bodies when, under the action of an
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
external force, one body moves or tends to move relative to the
standard except where equipment is supplied using inch-pound
other. G40
units and would then be regarded as standard. The metric
3.1.3 kinetic coeffıcient of friction, n—the coefficient of
equivalents of inch-pound units given in such cases in the body
friction under conditions of macroscopic relative motion be-
of the standard may be approximate.
tween two bodies. G40
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.4 wear, n—damage to a solid surface, generally involv-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ingprogressivelossofmaterial,duetorelativemotionbetween
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
that surface and a contacting substance or substances. G40
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use
4. Summary of Test Method
2. Referenced Documents 4.1 The tester is operated with a steel test ring oscillating
against a steel test block. Test speed, load, angle of oscillation,
2.1 ASTM Standards:
time and specimen surface finish and hardness can be varied to
D1403 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
simulate field conditions.
Grease Using One-Quarter and One-Half Scale Cone
4.2 The width of the wear scar, developed on the test block
Equipment
from contact with the oscillating test ring, is measured.
D2714 Test Method for Calibration and Operation of the
Falex Block-on-Ring Friction and Wear Testing Machine
5. Significance and Use
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
5.1 This test method is used to differentiate between greases
3. Terminology having high, medium, and low wear preventive properties
using oscillating motion. The user of this method should
3.1 Definitions:
determine to his own satisfaction whether results of this test
3.1.1 coeffıcient of friction, µ or f, n—in tribology, the
procedure correlate with field performance or other bench test
dimensionless ratio of the friction force (F) between two
machines.
bodies to the normal force (N) pressing these two bodies
together.
6. Apparatus
µ or 5 F/N (1)
~ !
6.1 Falex Block-on-Ring Test Machine with Friction Re-
corder, described in detail inAnnexA1 and illustrated in Fig.
1.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
6.2 Falex Oscillating Drive Accessory, described in detail
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.L0 on Industrial Lubricants.
in A1.6 and illustrated in Fig. 2.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006. Published August 2006. Originally
approved in 1978. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3704 – 96 (2001).
DOI: 10.1520/D3704-96R06. The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or is Falex Corp., 1020 Airpark Dr., Sugar Grove, IL 60554. If you are aware of
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM International
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the
the ASTM website. responsible technical committee, which you may attend.
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D3704–96 (2006)
FIG. 1 Falex Block on Ring Test Machine
FIG. 1 Falex Ring and Block Test Machine (continued)
6.3 Microscope, low-power (503 to 603) having sufficient 8 µin.) rms.The test block has a width 6.35 mm (0.250 in.) and
clearance under objective to accommodate the test block. It a 15.76 mm (0.620 in.) length. The H-30 test block has a
should be fitted with a filar micrometer so that scar width may hardness of HRC 27 to 33. The H-60 test block has a hardness
be measured with accuracy of 60.01 mm. of HRC 58 to 63.
6.4 Timer, graduated in minutes and seconds. 7.3 Solvent, non-film forming, nonchlorinated.
NOTE 1—Solvents formerly used in this test method were eliminated
7. Reagents and Materials
due to possible toxic effects. Each user should select a solvent that can
7.1 Test Rings, Falex Type S-10 or S-25 —SAE 4620
meethisapplicablesafetystandardsandstillthoroughlycleanthemachine
parts.
carburize steel, having a hardness of 58 to 63 HRC. The test
ring has a width of 8.15 mm (0.321 in.), a diameter of 35 mm
8. Calibration and Standardization
(1.3775 in.), and a maximum radial run out of 0.013 mm
8.1 RunTest Method D2714 calibration procedure to ensure
(0.0005 in.). The surface roughness of the S-10 ring shall be
good mechanical operation of test equipment.
0.15to0.30µm(6to12µin.)rms.Thesurfaceroughnessofthe
S-25 ring shall be 0.51 to 0.71 µm (22 to 28 µin.) rms.
7.2 Test Blocks, Falex Type H-30 or H-60 —SAE 01 tool
steel having two ground test surfaces of 0.10 to 0.20 µm (4 to Consult instruction manual for proper operation.
D3704–96 (2006)
FIG. 2 Falex Oscillating Drive Assembly
9. Procedure for running. If grease has pulled away from the block during
the above operation, it should be reapplied as described in 9.6.
9.1 Before each test, clean the apparatus with appropriate
9.8 Place the desired weights on the bale rod keeping in
solvent chosen in 7.3 and blow dry.
mind the standard machine is built with a 10:1 ratio lever.
9.2 Select a new test ring and block, wash with solvent, and
Make sure the two load lever reference markers are aligned. If
dry with clean soft cloth or paper.
so equipped, position the friction force cutoff level at 40 lb
9.3 The grease sample should be worked 60 strokes, one-
(18.14 kg).
half scale or one-quarter scale (Test Methods D1403), prior to
starting runs. One working per running day is sufficient. For 9.9 Starting at zero, bring the speed up rapidly to the
those who may not have small workers, working briefly with a predetermined setting necessary to give the desired speed.
spatula is sufficient. Measure time as soon as oscillation begins.
9.4 Adjust the amplitude of oscillation for the desired arc.
9.10 Run for desired time. Disassemble and wipe off the
9.5 Lubricate the quarter segment (or the ball seat) of the
block and ring. Using the required microscope, measure the
specimen holder with the grease to
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