ISO/TC 35/SC 16 - Chemical analysis

This document specifies a method for the gas-chromatographic determination of the qualitative and quantitative composition of solvents contained in a product. The method is applicable to coating materials containing solely organic solvents (generally called conventional coating materials) and binder solutions and non-aqueous dispersions containing solely organic solvents. The method defined in this document is not applicable for determination of volatile organic compounds (VOC) and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) content. NOTE For determination of VOC and SVOC, see ISO 11890-2.

This document establishes a valid method for separation of chemically heterogeneous polyethylene oxide (PEO) mixtures and for the determination the number and content of the chemically heterogeneous species in the overall sample. The method presented in this document serves as a technical guideline and enables laboratories to learn the principle of "critical chromatography" on a validated system. This method presented in this document with its stated system parameters is not applicable for other polymer classes, due to the diversity of the interactions between the polymer/mobile phase/stationary phase and the number of separation systems that are therefore available. The evaluation of the interlaboratory testing has shown that many error sources relate to the technique of liquid chromatography in general. Possible error sources are described in Annex A. Details on the evaluation of the interlaboratory testing are given in Annex B. Elugrams of the participants (excerpts) are given in Annex C. Investigations of the long-term stability of the test mixture are given in Annex D.

This document specifies the determination of the molar-mass distribution and the average molar mass values Mn (number average) and Mw (weight average) of polymers that are soluble in water by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). NOTE Also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC). This method is applicable to neutral polymers and polyanions (e.g. polycarboxylates, polysaccharides, fully hydrolyzed polyvinyl alcohols and high-molecular polyethylene oxides). It is not applicable to polycations [e.g. polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyridine, salts of poly(diallyl‑N,N‑dimethyl‑azacyclopentane), chitosan]. Despite good solubility in the mobile phase and even though the chromatograms obtained show good repeatability, it is possible that this method cannot be used with certain polymer types because of specific interactions (e.g. adsorption) within the sample/eluent/column system (see also Clause 12). The conditions specified in this document are not applicable to the GPC analysis of polymer samples with Mw values greater than 106 g/mol and/or polymers with elution limits outside the calibration range (see 7.6 and Annex C). This document includes no correction methods (e.g. for the elimination of peak broadening). If absolute molar mass values are required, an absolute method (e.g. membrane osmometry for Mn or light scattering for Mw) can be used.

This document specifies the determination of the molar-mass distribution and the average molar mass values Mn (number average) and Mw (weight average) of polymers that are soluble in tetrahydrofuran (THF) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). NOTE Also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Even though the chromatograms obtained show good repeatability, it is possible that this method cannot be used with certain polymer types because of specific interactions (e.g. adsorption) within the sample/eluent/column system. The conditions specified in this document are not applicable to the GPC analysis of polymer samples with Mw values greater than 106 g/mol and/or of polymers with elution limits outside the calibration range (see 7.6 and Annex C). This document includes no correction method (e.g. for the elimination of peak broadening. If absolute molar-mass values are required, an absolute method (e.g. membrane osmometry for Mn or light scattering for Mw) can be used.

This document specifies the determination of the molar-mass distribution and the average molar mass values Mn (number average) and Mw (weight average) of polymers that are soluble in DMAC (N,N-Dimethylacetamide) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). NOTE Also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Even though the chromatograms obtained show good repeatability, it is possible that this method cannot be used with certain polymer types because of specific interactions (e.g. adsorption) within the sample/eluent/column system. The conditions specified in this document are not applicable to the GPC analysis of polymer samples with Mw values greater than 106 g/mol and/or polymers with elution limits outside the calibration range (see 7.6 and Annex C). This document includes no correction method (e.g. for the elimination of peak broadening). If absolute molar mass values are required, an absolute method (e.g. membrane osmometry for Mn or light scattering for Mw) can be used.

This document is applicable for the determination of VOC and SVOC with an expected VOC and/or SVOC content greater than 0,01 % by mass up to 100 % by mass. The method given in ISO 11890-1 is used when the VOC is greater than 15 % by mass. This document (method ISO 11890-2) applies when the system contains VOC and SVOC as the VOC result of ISO 11890-1 can be influenced by the SVOC. For VOC content smaller than 0,1 %, the head space method described in ISO 17895 is used as an alternative. ISO 11890-1 and ISO 17895 cannot be used for the determination of the SVOC content. NOTE 1 Some ingredients of coating materials and their raw materials can decompose during analysis and cause artificial VOC and/or SVOC signals. When determining VOC and/or SVOC for coating materials and their raw materials, these signals are artefacts of the method and are not taken into account (examples are given in Annex B). This method assumes that the volatile matter is either water or organic. However, other volatile inorganic compounds can be present and might need to be quantified by another suitable method and allowed for in the calculations. The method defined in this document is not applicable for determination of water content. NOTE 2 If organic acids or bases and their corresponding salts are present in the coating material or its raw materials, the amount that is quantified by this method might not be accurate due to a change in the acid or base equilibrium.

This document specifies a method for the gas-chromatographic determination of the solvents in water-thinnable paints and varnishes, binder solutions, emulsions and dispersions. With the precision stated in Clause 13, single components above 0,02 % (mass fraction) can be determined quantitatively. The method defined in this document is not applicable for the determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOC) content. NOTE For the determination of VOC and SVOC, see ISO 11890‑2[2].

This document specifies a method for the determination of the water content of water-borne coating materials and their raw materials by using a gas chromatograph. The preferred working range of this test method is from a water mass fraction of 15 % to a water mass fraction of 90 % but the method can be applied outside of this range.

ISO 10283:2007 specifies a gas-chromatographic method for determining monomeric diisocyanates such as toluene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate and other diisocyanates in isocyanate resins and in solutions prepared from such resins, insofar as these are used in the formulation of paints and similar coating materials.

ISO 11890-1:2007 is one of a series of standards dealing with the sampling and testing of paints, varnishes and related products. It specifies a method for the determination of the volatile organic compound (VOC) content of paints, varnishes and their raw materials. This part may be used where the expected VOC content is greater than 15 % by mass. When the expected VOC content is greater than 0,1 % by mass and less than 15 % by mass, ISO 11890-2 should be employed. This method assumes that the volatile matter is either water or organic. However, other volatile inorganic compounds can be present and might need to be quantified by another suitable method and allowed for in the calculations.

ISO 17895:2005 specifies a gas-chromatographic method of quantitatively determining the volatile organic compound (VOC) content (i.e. the content of organic compounds with boiling points up to 250 °C) under standard conditions (101,325 kPa) of low VOC content emulsion paints (in-can VOC). The method is applicable to VOC contents between 0,01 % and 0,1 % (by mass). The main purpose of the method is to qualify low-VOC emulsion paints, not routine quality control.