SIST EN 62037-6:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62037-6:2014
01-februar-2014
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SIST EN 62037:2001
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Passive r.f. and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement - Part 6:
Measurement of passive intermodulation in antennas
Passive HF- und Mikrowellenbauteile, Messung des Intermodulationspegels - Teil 6:
Messung der passiven Intermodulation in Antennen
Dispositifs RF et à micro-ondes passifs, mesure du niveau d’intermodulation - Partie 6:
Mesure de l’intermodulation passive dans les antennes
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62037-6:2013
ICS:
33.120.30 5DGLRIUHNYHQþQLNRQHNWRUML R.F. connectors
5)
SIST EN 62037-6:2014 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62037-6

NORME EUROPÉENNE
April 2013
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 33.040.20 Supersedes EN 62037:1999 (partially)


English version


Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement -
Part 6: Measurement of passive intermodulation in antennas
(IEC 62037-6:2013)


Dispositifs RF et à micro-ondes passifs, Passive HF- und Mikrowellenbauteile,
mesure du niveau d’intermodulation - Messung des Intermodulationspegels -
Partie 6: Mesure de l’intermodulation Teil 6: Messung der passiven
passive dans les antennes Intermodulation in Antennen
(CEI 62037-6:2013) (IEC 62037-6:2013)





This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2013-02-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels


© 2013 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62037-6:2013 E

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
EN 62037-6:2013 - 2 -

Foreword
The text of document 46/410/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62037-6, prepared by IEC TC 46 "Cables,
wires, waveguides, R.F. connectors, R.F. and microwave passive components and accessories" was
submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 62037-6:2013.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has (dop) 2013-11-20
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2016-02-20
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the

document have to be withdrawn

This document partially supersedes EN 62037:1999.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62037-6:2013 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
- 3 - EN 62037-6:2013
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

IEC 62037-1 2012 Passive RF and microwave devices, EN 62037-1 2012
intermodulation level measurement -
Part 1: General requirements and measuring
methods


IEC 62037-3 - Passive RF and microwave devices, EN 62037-3 -
intermodulation level measurement -
Part 3: Measurement of passive
intermodulation in coaxial connectors

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014



IEC 62037-6

®


Edition 1.0 2013-01




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD



















Passive RF and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –

Part 6: Measurement of passive intermodulation in antennas



























INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION

PRICE CODE
M


ICS 33.040.20 ISBN 978-2-83220-581-5



  Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.


® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Abbreviations . 5
4 Antenna definitions as it pertains to PIM . 5
4.1 Antenna . 5
4.2 Antenna under test . 6
4.3 Active antenna . 6
4.4 Antenna PIM . 6
5 Antenna design and field installation considerations . 6
5.1 Environmental effects on PIM performance . 6
5.2 Antenna interface connection . 6
5.3 Mounting considerations to avoid PIM generation . 6
5.4 Neighbouring sources of interference . 7
5.5 Standard practices and guidelines for material selection . 7
6 PIM measurement considerations . 7
6.1 Quality assurance process and handling procedures . 7
6.2 Measurement accuracy . 7
6.3 Test environment. 8
6.4 Safety . 8
6.5 Test set-up . 8
6.5.1 Coaxial test cable assemblies . 8
6.5.2 Defining a good low PIM reference load . 8
6.5.3 Test set-up and test site baseline PIM verification . 8
6.6 PIM test configurations . 9
6.7 Combined environmental and PIM testing . 10
6.7.1 General . 10
6.7.2 Mechanical considerations . 10
6.7.3 Test system cables and connectors . 11
6.8 PIM test chamber design . 11
6.8.1 General . 11
6.8.2 RF absorber materials . 11
6.8.3 Supporting structures and walls . 12
6.8.4 RF shielding . 12

Figure 1 – Antenna reverse PIM test set-up . 9
Figure 2 – Antenna forward PIM test set-up . 10

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
62037-6 © IEC:2013(E) – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

PASSIVE RF AND MICROWAVE DEVICES,
INTERMODULATION LEVEL MEASUREMENT –

Part 6: Measurement of passive intermodulation in antennas


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62037-6 has been prepared by technical committee 46: Cables,
wires, waveguides, r.f. connectors, r.f. and microwave passive components and accessories.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
46/410/FDIS 46/422/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 62037 series, published under the general title Passive RF
and microwave devices, Intermodulation level measurement can be found on the IEC website.

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
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The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date.

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
62037-6 © IEC:2013(E) – 5 –
PASSIVE RF AND MICROWAVE DEVICES,
INTERMODULATION LEVEL MEASUREMENT –

Part 6: Measurement of passive intermodulation in antennas



1 Scope
This part of IEC 62037 defines test fixtures and procedures recommended for measuring
levels of passive intermodulation generated by antennas, typically used in wireless
communication systems. The purpose is to define qualification and acceptance test methods
for antennas for use in low intermodulation (low IM) applications.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 62037-1:2012, Passive r.f. and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 1: General requirements and measuring methods
IEC 62037-3, Passive r.f. and microwave devices, intermodulation level measurement –
Part 3: Measurement of passive intermodulation in coaxial connectors
3 Abbreviations
AIM Active intermodulation
AUT Antenna under test
ESD Electrostatic discharge
HPA High power amplifier
IM Intermodulation
LNA Low noise amplifier
PIM Passive intermodulation
RF Radio frequency
4 Antenna definitions as it pertains to PIM
4.1 Antenna
An antenna is that part of a radio transmitting or receiving system which is designed to
provide the required coupling between a transmitter or a receiver and the medium in which the
radio wave propagates.
The antenna consists of a number of parts or components. These components include, but
are not limited to, one or many radiating elements, one or many RF interfaces, a distribution
or combining feed network, internal support structures, devices which control or adjust the
amplitude/phase response and distribution to the radiating element(s), filters, diplexers,
orthomode transducers, polarizers, waveguides, coaxial cables or printed circuits. In addition,
peripheral components could also influence the PIM performance of the antenna. These

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SIST EN 62037-6:2014
– 6 – 62037-6 © IEC:2013(E)
components may include, but are not limited to, mounting brackets, mounting hardware,
radome, radome fasteners, thermal insulation and grounding hardware.
4.2 Antenna under test
The antenna hardware can have an effect on the overall antenna PIM performance.
Therefore, it is necessary to specify the hardware which is to be part of the antenna under
test (AUT).
4.3 Active antenna
An active antenna incorporates active devices such as low noise amplifiers (LNAs), high
power amplifiers (HPAs), phase shifters, etc. An active antenna has the additional concern of
active intermodulation (AIM) which is typically at a much higher level than PIM. The
measurement of PIM in the presence of AIM is not within the scope of this standard. If
required, the PIM measurement of an active antenna shall be performed on the passive
portion of the antenna only.
4.4 Antenna PIM
The antenna PIM is defined as the PIM that is generated by the antenna assembly itself at a
reference plane or RF interface. The PIM can be measured in a radiated or conducted
(transmissive or reflective) mode.
5 Antenna design and field installation considerations
5.1 Environmental effects on PIM performance
Any hardware located in the near-by environment can significantly influence the PIM
performance of an antenna or antenna system. The effect of ferromagnetic materials,
dissimilar metallic junctions which are part of neighbouring hardware, such as other antennas,
towers structures, aircraft fuselage components, spacecraft therma
...