SIST EN ISO 14253-2:2011

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
01-julij-2009
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Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces
and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS
measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification (ISO/DIS
14253-2:2009)
Geometrische Produktspezifikationen (GPS) - Prüfung von Werkstücken und
Messgeräten durch Messungen - Teil 2: Leitfaden zur Schätzung der Unsicherheit von
GPS-Messungen bei der Kalibrierung von Messgeräten und bei der Produktprüfung
(ISO/DIS 14253-2:2009)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Vérification par la mesure des pièces et
des équipements de mesure - Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour l'estimation de
l'incertitude dans les mesures GPS, dans l'étalonnage des équipements de mesure et
dans la vérification des produits (ISO/DIS 14253-2:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 14253-2
ICS:
17.040.01 Linearne in kotne meritve na Linear and angular
splošno measurements in general
oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 14253-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2009
ICS 17.040.01 Will supersede ENV ISO 14253-2:2001
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by
measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2:
Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement,
in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification
(ISO/DIS 14253-2:2009)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Vérification
par la mesure des pièces et des équipements de mesure -
Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour l'estimation de l'incertitude
dans les mesures GPS, dans l'étalonnage des
équipements de mesure et dans la vérification des produits
(ISO/DIS 14253-2:2009)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 290.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 14253-2:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
prEN ISO 14253-2:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3

2

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
prEN ISO 14253-2:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 14253-2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213
"Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the secretariat of
which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede ENV ISO 14253-2:2001.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 14253-2:2009 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 14253-2:2009 without any
modification.

3

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 14253-2
ISO/TC 213 Secretariat: DS
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2009-05-14 2009-10-14
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Inspection by
measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment —
Part 2:
Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement,
in calibration of measuring equipment and in product
verification
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Vérification par la mesure des pièces et des équipements de
mesure —
Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour l'estimation de l'incertitude dans les mesures GPS, dans l'étalonnage des
équipements de mesure et dans la vérification des produits
(Revision of ISO/TS 14253-2:1999 and ISO/TS 14253-2:1999/Cor 1:2007)
ICS 17.040.01

ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
This draft has been developed within the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and
processed under the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as defined in the Vienna Agreement.
This draft is hereby submitted to the ISO member bodies and to the CEN member bodies for a parallel
five-month enquiry.
Should this draft be accepted, a final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be
submitted to a parallel two-month approval vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2009

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2
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©
ii ISO 2009 – All rights reserved

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
In accordance with ISO/TC 213 Resolution 823, the attached Technical Specification is being
submitted as a Draft International Standard in order to be converted into an International Standard.
To expedite circulation, the attached document contains the full text of the published Technical
Specification and the related Technical Corrigendum. The editing will be undertaken by the ISO
Central Secretariat at the publication stage.
© ISO 1999 – All rights reserved ii-2
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009

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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .2
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Symbols .6
5 Concept of the iterative GUM-method for estimation of uncertainty of measurement .7
6 Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement — PUMA .8
7 Sources of errors and uncertainty of measurement.13
8 Tools for the estimation of uncertainty components, standard uncertainty and expanded
uncertainty.17
9 Practical estimation of uncertainty — Uncertainty budgeting with PUMA.26
10 Applications .30
Annex A (informative) Example of uncertainty budgets — Calibration of a setting ring.34
Annex B (informative) Example of uncertainty budgets — Design of a calibration hierarchy.41
Annex C (informative) Example of uncertainty budgets — Measurement of roundness .65
Annex D (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model.71
Bibliography.73
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted
by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical
committee may decide to publish other types of normative document:
— an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an
ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members of the
parent committee casting a vote;
— an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a
vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed every three years with a view to deciding whether it can be transformed into an
International Standard.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Technical Specification may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 14253-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.
ISO 14253 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) —
Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment:
� Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specification
� Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipment and
in product verification [Technical Specification]
� Part 3: Procedures for evaluating the integrity of uncertainty in measurement values
Annexes A to D of this Technical Specification are for information only.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
Introduction
This Technical Specification is a global GPS technical report (see ISO/TR 14638:1995). This global GPS Technical
Report influences chain link 4, 5 and 6 in all chains of standards.
For more detailed information of the relation of this report to other standards and the GPS matrix model, see
annex D.
This Technical Specification is developed to support ISO 14253-1. This Technical Specification establishes a
simplified, iterative procedure of the concept and the way to evaluate and determine uncertainty (standard
uncertainty and expanded uncertainty) of measurement, and the recommendations of the format to document and
report the uncertainty of measurement information as given in "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement" (GUM). In most cases only very limited resources are necessary to estimate uncertainty of
measurement by this simplified, iterative procedure, but the procedure may lead to a slight overestimation of the
uncertainty of measurement. If a more accurate estimation of the uncertainty of measurement is needed, the more
elaborated procedures of the GUM must be applied.
This simplified, iterative procedure of the GUM methods is intended for GPS measurements, but may be used in
other areas of industrial (applied) metrology.
Uncertainty of measurement and the concept of handling uncertainty of measurement being of importance to all the
technical functions in a company, this Technical Specification relates to e.g. management function, design and
development function, manufacture function, quality assurance function, metrology function, etc.
This Technical Specification is of special importance in relation to ISO 9000 quality assurance systems, where
it is a requirement that the uncertainty of measurement is known [e.g. 4.11.1, 4.11.2 a) and 4.11.2 b) of
ISO 9001:1994].
In this Technical Specification the uncertainty of the result of a process of calibration and a process of
measurement is handled in the same way:
� calibration is treated as "measurement of metrological characteristics of a measuring equipment or a
measurement standard";
� measurement is treated as "measurement of geometrical characteristics of a workpiece".
Therefore, in most cases no distinction is made in the text between measurement and calibration. The term
"measurement" is used as a synonym for both.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Inspection by
measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment —
Part 2:
Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement,
in calibration of measuring equipment and in product
verification
1 Scope
This Technical Specification gives guidance on the implementation of the concept of "Guide to the estimation of
uncertainty in measurement" (in short GUM) to be applied in industry for the calibration of (measurement)
standards and measuring equipment in the field of GPS and the measurement of workpiece GPS-characteristics.
The aim is to promote full information on how to achieve uncertainty statements and provide the basis for
international comparison of results of measurements and their uncertainties (relationship between purchaser and
supplier).
This Technical Specification is intended to support ISO 14253-1. This Technical Specification and ISO 14253-1 are
beneficial to all technical functions in a company in the interpretation of GPS specifications (i.e. tolerances of
workpiece characteristics and values of maximum permissible errors (MPE) for metrological characteristics of
measuring equipment).
This Technical Specification introduces the Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement (PUMA), which is a practical,
iterative procedure based on the GUM for estimating uncertainty of measurement without changing the basic
concepts of the GUM and is intended to be used generally for estimating uncertainty of measurement and giving
statements of uncertainty for:
� single results of measurement;
� comparison of two or more results of measurement;
� comparison of results of measurement — from one or more workpieces or pieces of measurement equipment
— with given specifications [i.e. maximum permissible errors (MPE) for a metrological characteristic of a
measurement instrument or measurement standard, and tolerance limits for a workpiece characteristic, etc.],
for proving conformance or non-conformance with the specification.
The iterative method is based basically on an upper bound strategy, i.e. overestimation of the uncertainty at all
levels, but the iterations control the amount of overestimation. Intentional overestimation — and not under-
estimation — is necessary to prevent wrong decisions based on measurement results. The amount of
overestimation shall be controlled by economical evaluation of the situation.
The iterative method is a tool to maximize profit and minimize cost in the metrological activities of a company. The
iterative method/procedure is economically self-adjusting and is also a tool to change/reduce existing uncertainty in
measurement with the aim of reducing cost in metrology (manufacture). The iterative method makes it possible to
compromise between risk, effort and cost in uncertainty estimation and budgeting.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this Technical Specification. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this Technical Specification are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 1:1975, Standard reference temperature for industrial length measurements.
ISO 4288:1996, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules and
procedures for the assessment of surface texture.
ISO 9001:1994, Quality systems — Model for quality systems in design, development, production, installation and
servicing.
ISO 9004-1:1994, Quality management and quality system elements — Part 1: Guidelines.
ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and
measuring instruments — Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications.
1)
ISO 14253-3:— , Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces and
measuring instruments — Part 3: Procedures for evaluating the integrity of uncertainty of measurement values.
ISO 14660-1:1999, Geometrical Product Specification (GPS) — Geometric features — Part 1: General terms and
definitions.
Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM).BIPM,IEC,IFCC,ISO,IUPAC,IUPAP,OIML,
1st edition, 1995.
International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology (VIM). BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP,
OIML, 2nd edition, 1993.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this Technical Specification, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14253-1, ISO 14660-1, VIM,
GUM and the following apply.
3.1
black box model for uncertainty estimation
method of/model for uncertainty estimation in which the output value of a measurement is obtained in the same unit
as the input (stimuli), rather than by measurement of other quantities functionally related to the measurand
NOTE 1 In the black box model — in this Technical Specification — the uncertainty components are assumed additive, the
influence quantities is transformed to the unit of the measurand and the sensitivity coefficients are equal to 1.
NOTE 2 In many cases a complex method of measurement may be looked upon as one simple black box with stimulus in
and result out from the black box. When a black box is opened, it may turn out to contain several "smaller" black boxes and/or
several transparent boxes.
NOTE 3 The method of uncertainty estimation remains a black box method even if it is necessary to make supplementary
measurements to determine the values of influence quantities in order to make corresponding corrections.
1) To be published.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
3.2
transparent box model for uncertainty estimation
method of/model for uncertainty estimation in which the value of a measurand is obtained by measurement of other
quantities functionally related to the measurand
3.3
measuring task
quantification of a measurand according to its definition
3.4
basic measurement task (basic measurement)
measurement task(s) which form the basis for evaluation of more complicated characteristics of a workpiece or a
measuring equipment
NOTE Examples of a basic measurement are:
a) one of several individual measurements of the deviation from straightness of a feature of a workpiece;
b) one of the individual measurements of error of indication of a micrometer when measuring the range of error of indication.
3.5
overall measurement task
complicated measuring task, which is evaluated on the basis of several and maybe different basic measurements
NOTE Examples of an overall measuring task are:
a) the measurement of straightness of a feature of a workpiece;
b) the range of error of indication of a micrometer.
3.6
expanded uncertainty (of a measurement)
U
[3.16 of ISO 14253-1:1998 and 2.3.5 of GUM:1995]
NOTE U (capital) always indicates expanded uncertainty of measurement.
3.7
true uncertainty
U
A
uncertainty of measurement that would be obtained by a perfect uncertainty estimation
NOTE 1 True uncertainties are by nature indeterminate.
NOTE 2 See also 8.8.
3.8
conventional true uncertainty — GUM uncertainty
U
c
uncertainty of measurement estimated completely according to the more elaborate procedures of GUM
NOTE 1 The conventional true uncertainty of measurement may differ from an uncertainty of measurement estimated
according to this Technical Specification.
NOTE 2 See also 8.8.
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
3.9
approximated uncertainty
U
EN
uncertainty of measurement estimated by the simplified, iterative method
NOTE 1 The index N indicates that U is assessed by iteration number N. The designation U may be used without indication
EN E
of the iteration number, when it is without importance to know the number of iterations.
NOTE 2 See also 8.8.
3.10
target uncertainty (for a measurement or calibration)
U
T
uncertainty determined as the optimum for the measuring task
NOTE 1 Target uncertainty is the result of a management decision involving e.g. design, manufacturing, quality assurance,
service, marketing, sales and distribution.
NOTE 2 Target uncertainty is determined (optimized) taking into account the specification [tolerance or maximum
permissible error (MPE)], the process capability, cost, criticality and the requirements of 4.11.1, 4.11.2 of ISO 9001:1994, 13.1
of ISO 9004-1:1994 and ISO 14253-1.
NOTE 3 See also 8.8.
3.11
required uncertainty of measurement
U
R
uncertainty required for a given measurement process and task
NOTE See also 6.2. The required uncertainty may be specified by, for example, a customer.
3.12
uncertainty management
process of deriving an adequate measurement procedure from the measuring task and the target uncertainty by
using uncertainty budgeting techniques
3.13
uncertainty budget (for a measurement or calibration)
statement summarizing the estimation of the uncertainty components that contributes to the uncertainty of a result
of a measurement
NOTE 1 The uncertainty of the result of the measurement is unambiguous only when the measurement procedure (including
the measurement object, measurand, measurement method and conditions) is defined.
NOTE 2 The term "budget" is used for the assignment of numerical values to the uncertainty components, their combination
and expansion, based on the measurement procedure, measurement conditions and assumptions.
3.14
uncertainty contributor
xx
source of uncertainty of measurement for a measuring process
3.15
limit value (variation limit) for an uncertainty contributor
a
xx
absolute value of the extreme value(s) of the uncertainty contributor, xx
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3.16
uncertainty component
u
xx
standard uncertainty of the uncertainty contributor, xx
NOTE The iteration method uses the designation u for all uncertainty components. This is not consistent with the present
xx
version of GUM which sometimes uses the designation s for uncertainty components evaluated by A evaluation and the
xx
designation u for uncertainty components evaluated by B evaluation.
xx
3.17
influence quantity of a measurement instrument
characteristic of a measuring instrument that affects the result of a measurement performed by the instrument
3.18
influence quantity of a workpiece
characteristic of a workpiece that affects the result of a measurement performed on that workpiece
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oSIST prEN ISO 14253-2:2009
ISO/DIS 14253-2:1999(E)
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