SIST EN ISO 2931:2018
(Main)Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
ISO 2931:2017 specifies a method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the admittance.
The method is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings sealed in an aqueous medium.
NOTE 1 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings sealed by different methods, e.g. hydrothermal sealing and cold sealing, are not necessarily comparable.
NOTE 2 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on alloys containing more than 2 % silicon or 5 % manganese or 3 % magnesium are not comparable with results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on more dilute alloys.
The method is suitable for use as a production-control test and as an acceptance test where there is agreement between the anodizer and the customer.
Any type of anodized component can be tested by the method described, provided that there is a sufficient area (a circle of diameter about 20 mm) and that the film thickness is greater than 3 µm.
Anodisieren von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen - Prüfung der Qualität von verdichteten, anodisch erzeugten Oxidschichten durch Messung des Scheinleitwertes (ISO 2931:2017)
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Prüfung der Qualität von verdichteten, anodisch erzeugten Oxidschichten auf Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen durch Messung des Scheinleitwertes fest.
Das Verfahren ist auf anodisch erzeugte Oxidschichten anwendbar, die in einer wässrigen Lösung verdichtet wurden.
ANMERKUNG 1 Ergebnisse, die für anodisch erzeugte Oxidschichten erzielt wurden, welche mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren (z. B. hydrothermales Verdichten und Kaltimprägnieren) verdichtet wurden, sind nicht zwangsweise vergleichbar.
ANMERKUNG 2 Ergebnisse, die für anodisch erzeugte Oxidschichten auf Legierungen erzielt wurden, die mehr als 2 % Silicon oder 5 % Mangan oder 3 % Magnesium enthalten, sind nicht vergleichbar mit den Ergebnissen, die für anodisch erzeugte Oxidschicht auf stärker verdünnten Legierungen erzielt wurden.
Das Verfahren ist zur innerbetrieblichen Produktionsüberwachung geeignet und nach Vereinbarung zwischen dem das Anodisationsverfahren durchführenden Unternehmen und dem Besteller auch für Abnahmeprüfungen anwendbar.
Alle Arten von anodisierten Gegenständen können nach dem beschriebenen Verfahren geprüft werden, vorausgesetzt es gibt eine ausreichend große Messfläche (Kreis mit etwa 20 mm Durchmesser) und die Schichtdicke ist größer als 3 μm.
Anodisation de l'aluminium et de ses alliages - Évaluation de la qualité des couches anodiques colmatées par mesurage de l'admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
ISO 2931:2017 spécifie une méthode d'évaluation de la qualité des couches anodiques colmatées formées sur de l'aluminium ou des alliages d'aluminium, par mesurage de l'admittance.
Cette méthode est applicable aux couches anodiques colmatées en milieu aqueux.
NOTE 1 Les résultats obtenus sur des couches anodiques colmatées par des méthodes différentes, par exemple par colmatage hydrothermique ou par colmatage à froid, ne sont pas nécessairement comparables.
NOTE 2 Les résultats obtenus sur des couches anodiques formées sur des alliages contenant plus de 2 % de silicium ou plus de 5 % de manganèse ou plus de 3 % de magnésium ne sont pas comparables aux résultats obtenus sur des couches anodiques formées sur des alliages dans lesquels ces concentrations sont inférieures.
Cette méthode peut être utilisée pour les contrôles de la production et pour les contrôles de réception lorsqu'un accord a été conclu entre l'anodiseur et le client.
Des produits anodisés de tout type peuvent être soumis à essai selon la méthode décrite pour autant que leur surface soit suffisante (un cercle d'environ 20 mm de diamètre) et que l'épaisseur de la couche soit supérieure à 3 μm.
Anodizacija aluminija in njegovih zlitin - Ocenjevanje kakovosti tesnjenih anodno oksidiranih prevlek z meritvijo admitance (ISO 2931:2017)
Ta dokument določa metodo za ocenjevanje kakovosti tesnjenih anodno oksidiranih prevlek na aluminiju in aluminijevih zlitinah z meritvijo admitance.
Metoda se uporablja za anodno oksidirane prevleke, zatesnjene v vodnem mediju.
OPOMBA 1: Rezultati, pridobljeni iz anodno oksidiranih prevlek, zatesnjenih z različnimi metodami, kot sta hidrotermalna
in hladna zatesnitev, niso nujno primerljivi.
OPOMBA 2: Rezultati, pridobljeni iz anodno oksidiranih prevlek na zlitinah, ki vsebujejo več kot 2 % silicija ali 5 %
mangana ali 3 % magnezija, niso primerljivi z rezultati, pridobljenimi iz anodno oksidiranih prevlek na bolj razredčenih zlitinah.
Metoda je primerna kot kontrolni preskus proizvoda in kot preskus sprejemljivosti, če je tak dogovor med izvajalcem eloksacije in stranko.
Vse vrste anodiziranih komponent je mogoče preskusiti z opisano metodo pod pogojem, da je
površina dovolj velika (krog s premerom približno 20 mm) in da je debelina premaza najmanj 3 μm.
General Information
Relations
Overview
EN ISO 2931:2018 (ISO 2931:2017) specifies a rapid, non‑destructive method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of admittance. The test is designed for coatings sealed in an aqueous medium and is suitable for routine production control and, where agreed between anodizer and customer, for acceptance testing.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Principle: Admittance (the inverse of complex impedance) of a sealed anodic film is measured to infer sealing quality; the anodic coating behaves as a combination of resistive and capacitive elements in an AC circuit.
- Measurement device: Instrument capable of 3 µS to 200 µS range, measuring at 1 000 Hz ± 10 Hz, with two electrodes - a contact screw to the base metal and a pencil‑type probe.
- Cell & electrolyte: Test cell formed by a self‑adhesive rubber ring (~13 mm internal diameter, internal area ≈133 mm²; acceptable range 100–200 mm²) and potassium sulfate aqueous solution at 35 g/L as electrolyte.
- Specimen requirements: Any anodized component can be tested provided there is a sufficient flat area (a circle of about 20 mm diameter) and film thickness > 3 µm.
- Timing & preparation: Preferably measure 1–4 hours after sealing (within 48 hours). Test area must be clean; degreasing and specific cleaning procedures are described when preservatives are present.
- Limitations & comparability: Results from different sealing methods (e.g., hydrothermal vs cold sealing) are not necessarily comparable. Coatings on alloys with >2% Si, >5% Mn or >3% Mg may give non‑comparable results versus more dilute alloys.
Applications and users
- Who uses it: Anodizers, quality control / inspection laboratories, coating engineers, and customers specifying acceptance tests for anodized aluminium components.
- Practical uses: Routine production control to monitor sealing effectiveness, quality checks before subsequent finishing (oiling, waxing, lacquering), and contractual acceptance measurement when agreed. It is useful wherever fast, non‑destructive assessment of sealed anodic coatings is needed.
Related standards
- ISO 2143 - porosity tests on anodic coatings (correlation considerations noted)
- ISO 3210 - acid‑dissolution reference methods for periodic validation
- ISO 2360 - thickness measurement (eddy‑current)
- ISO 7583 - anodizing terms and definitions
Keywords: EN ISO 2931:2018, ISO 2931:2017, anodizing of aluminium, admittance measurement, sealed anodic oxidation coatings, production control, acceptance test, potassium sulfate electrolyte.
Frequently Asked Questions
SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 is a standard published by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST). Its full title is "Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by measurement of admittance (ISO 2931:2017)". This standard covers: ISO 2931:2017 specifies a method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the admittance. The method is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings sealed in an aqueous medium. NOTE 1 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings sealed by different methods, e.g. hydrothermal sealing and cold sealing, are not necessarily comparable. NOTE 2 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on alloys containing more than 2 % silicon or 5 % manganese or 3 % magnesium are not comparable with results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on more dilute alloys. The method is suitable for use as a production-control test and as an acceptance test where there is agreement between the anodizer and the customer. Any type of anodized component can be tested by the method described, provided that there is a sufficient area (a circle of diameter about 20 mm) and that the film thickness is greater than 3 µm.
ISO 2931:2017 specifies a method for assessing the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys by measurement of the admittance. The method is applicable to anodic oxidation coatings sealed in an aqueous medium. NOTE 1 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings sealed by different methods, e.g. hydrothermal sealing and cold sealing, are not necessarily comparable. NOTE 2 Results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on alloys containing more than 2 % silicon or 5 % manganese or 3 % magnesium are not comparable with results obtained from anodic oxidation coatings on more dilute alloys. The method is suitable for use as a production-control test and as an acceptance test where there is agreement between the anodizer and the customer. Any type of anodized component can be tested by the method described, provided that there is a sufficient area (a circle of diameter about 20 mm) and that the film thickness is greater than 3 µm.
SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 25.220.20 - Surface treatment; 77.120.10 - Aluminium and aluminium alloys. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to SIST EN ISO 2931:2010. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of SIST standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-april-2018
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 2931:2010
Anodizacija aluminija in njegovih zlitin - Ocenjevanje kakovosti tesnjenih anodno
oksidiranih prevlek z meritvijo admitance (ISO 2931:2017)
Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - Assessment of quality of sealed anodic oxidation
coatings by measurement of admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
Anodisieren von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen - Prüfung der Qualität von
verdichteten, anodisch erzeugten Oxidschichten durch Messung des Scheinleitwertes
(ISO 2931:2017)
Anodisation de l'aluminium et de ses alliages - Évaluation de la qualité des couches
anodiques colmatées par mesurage de l'admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2931:2018
ICS:
25.220.20 Površinska obdelava Surface treatment
77.120.10 Aluminij in aluminijeve zlitine Aluminium and aluminium
alloys
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
EN ISO 2931
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
February 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.220.20 Supersedes EN ISO 2931:2010
English Version
Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys - Assessment of
quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings by
measurement of admittance (ISO 2931:2017)
Anodisation de l'aluminium et de ses alliages - Anodisieren von Aluminium und
Évaluation de la qualité des couches anodiques Aluminiumlegierungen - Prüfung der Qualität von
colmatées par mesurage de l'admittance (ISO verdichteten, anodisch erzeugten Oxidschichten durch
2931:2017) Messung des Scheinleitwertes (ISO 2931:2017)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 December 2017.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2931:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 2931:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 79 "Light
metals and their alloys" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 132 “Aluminium and
aluminium alloys”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 2931:2010.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2931:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2931:2018 without any modification.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2931
Fourth edition
2017-11
Anodizing of aluminium and its
alloys — Assessment of quality of
sealed anodic oxidation coatings by
measurement of admittance
Anodisation de l'aluminium et de ses alliages — Évaluation de
la qualité des couches anodiques colmatées par mesurage de
l'admittance
Reference number
ISO 2931:2017(E)
©
ISO 2017
ISO 2931:2017(E)
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved
ISO 2931:2017(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus and materials. 2
6 Test specimen . 3
6.1 Sampling . 3
6.2 Treatment before testing . 3
7 Procedure. 3
8 Expression of results . 4
9 Test report . 4
Bibliography . 5
ISO 2931:2017(E)
Foreword
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bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
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described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
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Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
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This document was prepare
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記事のタイトル：SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 - アルミニウムおよびその合金の陽極酸化被膜の品質評価 - 導抗測定による密封陽極酸化被膜の評価（ISO 2931:2017） 記事の内容：この文書では、導抗測定を使用して、アルミニウムおよびその合金の密封された陽極酸化被膜の品質を評価する方法を規定しています。この方法は、水性媒体で密封された陽極酸化被膜に適用されます。注1では、異なる密封方法（例：水熱密封、冷間密封）によって得られた結果は必ずしも比較できないことを明記しています。注2では、シリコン含有量が2％以上、マンガン含有量が5％以上、マグネシウム含有量が3％以上の合金における陽極酸化被膜の結果は、希釈された合金における陽極酸化被膜の結果とは比較できないことを明記しています。この方法は、製造制御テストとして、またはアノダイザーと顧客間で合意がある場合に受け入れテストとして使用することができます。直径約20mmの十分な面積と膜厚が3μm以上ある限り、どのタイプの陽極酸化された部品でもこの方法を使用してテストすることができます。
기사 제목: SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 - 알루미늄 및 그 합금의 양극산화물의 밀도로 품질 평가 - 인공 개폐막을 측정하여 양극산화물의 품질을 평가하는 방법 (ISO 2931:2017) 기사 내용: 이 문서는 알루미늄 및 그 합금의 인공 개폐막의 품질을 양극성 수용성 측정을 통해 평가하는 방법을 지정합니다. 이 방법은 수용성 매체에서 인공 개폐막을 밀봉한 경우에 적용됩니다. 참고 1: 서로 다른 방법(예: 수열 밀봉 및 저온 밀봉)으로 밀봉한 양극산화물의 결과는 반드시 비교할 수 있는 것은 아닙니다. 참고 2: 규모가 큰 합금에 함유된 규모가 2% 이상인 실리콘, 5% 이상인 망간, 3% 이상인 마그네슘을 포함한 합금의 양극산화물 결과는 희석된 합금의 양극산화물 결과와 비교할 수 없습니다. 이 방법은 생산 공정 통제 테스트 및 고객과 합의가 있는 경우의 인증 테스트로 사용할 수 있습니다. 설명된 방법은 지정된 요구 사항(지름 약 20mm의 원형 영역과 3μm 이상의 필름 두께)을 충족하는 어떤 종류의 인공 개폐막이라도 테스트할 수 있습니다.
기사 제목: SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 - 알루미늄 및 그 합금의 양극 산화물에 대한 품질 평가 - 전도도 측정을 통한 밀폐 양극 산화물 코팅의 평가 (ISO 2931:2017) 기사 내용: 이 문서는 전도도 측정을 통해 알루미늄과 그 합금의 밀폐된 양극 산화물 코팅의 품질을 평가하는 방법을 명시하고 있습니다. 이 방법은 수용액 매질에서 밀폐된 양극 산화물 코팅에 적용됩니다. 주의 1에서는 수열밀폐와 냉각밀폐 등 다양한 방법으로 밀폐된 양극 산화물 코팅의 결과는 반드시 비교할 수 있는 것은 아니라고 언급하고 있습니다. 주의 2에서는 실리콘 함량이 2% 이상, 망간 함량이 5% 이상, 마그네슘 함량이 3% 이상인 합금의 양극 산화물 코팅의 결과는 희석된 합금에 대한 양극 산화물 코팅의 결과와는 비교할 수 없다고 언급하고 있습니다. 이 방법은 양극화 산화물 코팅이라는 요구 사항에 부합하는 한 제어 검사 및 수락 검사로 사용될 수 있습니다. 어떤 종류의 양극화된 부품이든 참고 기준 영역(지름 약 20mm의 원)이 충분하고 필름 두께가 3μm 이상이면 해당 방법을 사용하여 테스트할 수 있습니다.
記事タイトル：SIST EN ISO 2931:2018- アルミニウムおよびその合金の陽極酸化被膜の密度評価- アドミタンス測定による密閉陽極酸化被膜の品質評価方法（ISO 2931:2017） 記事の内容：この文書は、アドミタンス測定を使用して、アルミニウムおよびその合金の密閉陽極酸化被膜の品質を評価する方法を規定しています。この方法は、水中で密封された陽極酸化被膜に適用されます。 注1：異なる方法（例：熱湿密封および冷却密封）で密封された陽極酸化被膜の結果は必ずしも比較可能ではありません。 注2：2％以上のシリコン、5％以上のマンガン、3％以上のマグネシウムを含むより大量の合金から得られた陽極酸化被膜の結果は、より希薄な合金から得られた結果とは比較できません。 この方法は、生産管理テストと、陽極酸化業者と顧客との合意がある場合の受け入れテストとして使用することができます。 記述された方法は、一定の要件（直径約20mmの円形の領域と、3μm以上のフィルム厚さ）を満たす任意のタイプの陽極酸化コンポーネントをテストすることができます。
The article discusses the SIST EN ISO 2931:2018 standard, which outlines a method for evaluating the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminum and its alloys using admittance measurement. The method is specifically designed for anodic oxidation coatings that have been sealed in an aqueous medium. Results obtained from different sealing methods or alloys with varying compositions may not be directly comparable. This method can be used as a production-control test or as an acceptance test when both the anodizer and the customer agree. It can be applied to any type of anodized component that meets certain requirements, such as having a sufficient area and a film thickness greater than 3 μm.
The article discusses a method for evaluating the quality of sealed anodic oxidation coatings on aluminium and its alloys. The method involves measuring the admittance and is applicable to coatings sealed in an aqueous medium. It is important to note that results may not be comparable if different sealing methods are used or if the alloys contain certain percentages of silicon, manganese, or magnesium. The method can be used as a production-control test or as an acceptance test with agreement between the anodizer and the customer. It can be applied to any type of anodized component, as long as there is a sufficient area for testing and the film thickness is greater than 3 μm.
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