SIST EN 62230:2008

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2008
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SIST EN 50356:2002
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Electric cables - Spark-test method
Kabel und isolierte Leitungen - Durchlaufspannungsprüfung
Câbles électriques - Méthode d'essai au défilement à sec (sparker)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62230:2007
ICS:
29.060.20 Kabli Cables
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 62230
NORME EUROPÉENNE
August 2007
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 29.060.20 Supersedes EN 50356:2002

English version
Electric cables -
Spark-test method
(IEC 62230:2006)
Câbles électriques -  Kabel und isolierte Leitungen -
Méthode d'essai Durchlaufspannungsprüfung
au défilement à sec (sparker) (IEC 62230:2006)
(CEI 62230:2006)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-08-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels

© 2007 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62230:2007 E
Foreword
The text of the International Standard IEC 62230:2006, prepared by IEC TC 20, Electric cables, was
submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62230 on 2007-08-01 without any
modification.
This European Standard supersedes EN 50356:2002.

The following dates were fixed:

– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-08-01

– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-08-01

__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62230:2006 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.

__________
NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC
INTERNATIONAL
Première édition
STANDARD
First edition
2006-05
Câbles électriques –
Méthode d'essai au défilement
à sec (sparker)
Electric cables –
Spark-test method
 IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
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For price, see current catalogue

62230  IEC:2006 − 3 −
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.9

1 Scope.11
2 Types of voltage waveform .11
3 Procedure .11
4 Equipment .13
4.1 Safety .13
4.2 High voltage source.13
4.3 Voltage monitoring equipment .17
4.4 Fault indicator .19
4.5 Electrodes .19
4.6 Design of electrodes.19
5 Test voltages.21
6 Sensitivity.21
6.1 AC, d.c. and h.f. voltages .21
6.2 Pulsed voltages.23
6.3 Method of assessment.23
7 Calibration.25
7.1 General .25
7.2 Verification frequency.25

Annex A (informative) Recommended minimum voltage levels .27
Annex B (informative) Example of an artificial fault device .31
Annex C (informative) Notes on the use of spark testing machines .33

Bibliography.37

Figure 1 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms – Rise time of wavefront .15
Figure 2 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms – Fluctuation of peak value and pulse
repetition rate .15
Figure 3 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms – Pulse duration .17
Figure B.1 – Needle for use in the artificial fault device.31

Table A.1 – Recommended minimum spark-test voltages for cables having rated
voltage (U ) between 300 V and 3 000 V.27
62230  IEC:2006 − 5 −
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRIC CABLES –
SPARK-TEST METHOD
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62230 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20: Electric
cables.
This standard, based on the European Norm EN 50356 (2002), was prepared by CENELEC
technical committee 20: Electric cables. It was submitted to the national committees for voting
under fast track procedure.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
20/810/FDIS 20/816/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

62230  IEC:2006 − 7 −
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in
the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
62230  IEC:2006 − 9 −
INTRODUCTION
The practice of using spark-testers to detect defects in the insulation or sheathing layers of
electric cables has been developed over many years of practical experience.
The operation of the equipment using the verification method described in this standard has
proved to be satisfactory. This method employs an artificial fault simulator and its
performance has been shown to be comparable to that using operational efficacy tests
involving the detection of artificially prepared defects (i.e. faults in the insulation/sheathing
material) in lengths of cable.

62230  IEC:2006 − 11 −
ELECTRIC CABLES –
SPARK-TEST METHOD
1 Scope
The spark-test method specified in this standard is intended for the detection of defects in the
insulation or sheathing layers of electric cables. For single core cables with no outer metallic
layer, the general process is accepted as being equivalent to subjecting samples of those
cables to a voltage test in water.
This standard specifies the operational requirements for the spark-test equipment, as well as
the principal characteristics, functional parameters and calibration procedures for each type of
test equipment.
2 Types of voltage waveform
For the purposes of this standard, the types of voltage waveform used for spark-testing are
divided into the following groups:
a.c. an alternating current (a.c.) voltage of approximately sine-wave form, at the
industrial frequency of 40 Hz to 62 Hz;
d.c. a direct current (d.c.) voltage;
h.f. an alternating current (a.c.) voltage of approximately sine-wave form, at
frequencies between 500 Hz and 1 MHz;
pulsed a voltage waveform comprising a fast rise time and highly damped wave-tail, as
defined in 4.2.
NOTE Provided the manufacturer can demonstrate equivalent effectiveness, h.f. voltages at frequencies below
500 Hz may be used.
3 Procedure
The insulated conductor or sheathed cable shall be passed through an electrode energized at
the test voltage. The method detailed in this standard provides for the application of a.c., d.c.,
h.f. and pulsed voltages.
The requirements for voltage waveform, frequency and test voltage are given in 4.2 and
Clause 5. The maximum speed at which the cable shall pass through the electrode is
determined by the minimum residence time specified in 4.6.
When used as an alternative to a voltage test in water, it is recommended that the test be
restricted to layer thicknesses not greater than 2,0 mm and to a.c. and d.c. test voltages.
The requirements are not applicable to cable insulation having a rated voltage (U ) greater
than 3 kV.
62230  IEC:2006 − 13 −
Annex A provides recommended voltages for each voltage waveform, to be used in the
absence of any alternative voltages in the relevant cable standard.
4 Equipment
4.1 Safety
To limit the effect of electric shock to personnel, for all types of voltage source, the equipment
shall be constructed in such a way that the short-circuit current is limited to less than 10 mA
r.m.s. or equivalent.
This requirement is additional to, or may be superseded by, any national regulation that
prevails at the time.
NOTE Guidance on the limiting of shock currents can be found in IEC 60479-1 and IEC 60479-2.
Further aspects of operational safety are given in Annex C.
4.2 High voltage source
The high-voltage electrode shall be supplied in one of the following forms, as defined in
Clause 2: a.c., d.c., h.f. or pulsed.
For a d.c. test, connection to the test electrode shall be by means of a low capacitance
unscreened lead. For d.c. and pulsed voltage testing, the test electrode may be either positive
or negative polarity, the other pole being earthed.
The requirements for pulsed waveforms are presented in Figures 1, 2 and 3.
For pulsed waveforms, the rise time of the wave front shall reach 90 % of the specified peak
value in less than 75 µs – see Figure 1. Fluctuations of the actual peak value, due to
variations of input power into the generator, shall not exceed ±2 % of the specified peak value
– see Figure 2. The peak value shall not show more than 5 % reduction in the event of an
increase of capacitive load of 50 pF, during the operation, from an initial load of 25 pF
between electrode and instrument ground. The time that each pulse remains at a voltage
greater than 80 % of the specified peak voltage shall be between 20 µs and 100 µs – see
Figure 3. The pulse repetition frequency shall be greater than 170 per second and less than
500 per second. This corresponds to pulse separations between 2 000 µs and 5 880 µs.
Visible or audible corona shall be evident in the electrode structure when operating at the
specified voltage.
62230  IEC:2006 − 15 −
100 %
90 %
µs
IEC  948/06
Key
1 actual voltage
2 range of rise time of wavefront
3 maximum 75 µs
Figure 1 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms – Rise time of wavefront

102 %
100 %
98 %
µs
IEC  949/06
Key
1 actual voltage
2 fluctuation range
pulse repetition from 2 000 µs to 5 880 µs
Figure 2 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms –
Fluctuation of peak value and pulse repetition rate

62230  IEC:2006 − 17 −
100 %
80 %
µs
20 µs
100 µs
IEC  950/06
Key
1 actual voltage
2 pulse duration – minimum
3 pulse duration – maximum
Figure 3 – Requirements for pulsed waveforms – Pulse duration
4.3 Voltage monitoring equipment
For a.c., d.c. and h.f. sources, the voltage between electrode and earth shall be displayed on
a meter either by connection directly to the output terminal of the high-voltage source or by
any suitable equivalent arrangement. The measurement system shall have an accuracy of
±5 % of the indicated value.
For a pulse source there shall be a peak reading instrument
...