SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022

Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)






ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
2 Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)

Reference
RES/MTS-201873-1v4.14.1
Keywords
language, methodology, testing, TTCN-3

ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - APE 7112B
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° w061004871

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
Notice of disclaimer & limitation of liability
The information provided in the present deliverable is directed solely to professionals who have the appropriate degree of
experience to understand and interpret its content in accordance with generally accepted engineering or
other professional standard and applicable regulations.
No recommendation as to products and services or vendors is made or should be implied.
No representation or warranty is made that this deliverable is technically accurate or sufficient or conforms to any law
and/or governmental rule and/or regulation and further, no representation or warranty is made of merchantability or fitness
for any particular purpose or against infringement of intellectual property rights.
In no event shall ETSI be held liable for loss of profits or any other incidental or consequential damages.

Any software contained in this deliverable is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, express or implied, including but not
limited to, the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement of intellectual property
rights and ETSI shall not be held liable in any event for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages
for loss of profits, business interruption, loss of information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of or related to the use
of or inability to use the software.
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2022.
All rights reserved.

ETSI

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
3 Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 13
Foreword . 13
Modal verbs terminology . 14
1 Scope . 15
2 References . 15
2.1 Normative references . 15
2.2 Informative references . 15
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 17
3.1 Terms . 17
3.2 Symbols . 23
3.3 Abbreviations . 23
4 Introduction . 24
4.0 General . 24
4.1 The core language and presentation formats . 25
4.2 Unanimity of the specification . 26
4.3 Conformance . 26
5 Basic language elements . 26
5.0 General . 26
5.1 Identifiers and keywords . 27
5.2 Scope rules . 28
5.2.0 General . 28
5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters . 30
5.2.2 Uniqueness of identifiers . 30
5.3 Ordering of language elements . 31
5.4 Parameterization . 31
5.4.0 General . 31
5.4.1 Formal parameters . 32
5.4.1.0 General . 32
5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value . 32
5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template . 35
5.4.2 Actual parameters . 37
5.5 Cyclic Definitions. 42
6 Types and values . 43
6.0 General . 43
6.1 Basic types and values . 44
6.1.0 Simple basic types and values. 44
6.1.1 Basic string types and values . 45
6.1.1.0 General . 45
6.1.1.1 Accessing individual string elements . 47
6.1.2 Subtyping of basic types . 48
6.1.2.0 General . 48
6.1.2.1 Lists of templates . 48
6.1.2.2 Lists of types . 48
6.1.2.3 Ranges . 49
6.1.2.4 String length restrictions . 49
6.1.2.5 Pattern subtyping of character string types . 50
6.1.2.6 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 50
6.1.2.6.1 Mixing patterns, lists and ranges . 50
6.1.2.6.2 Using length restriction with other constraints . 51
6.2 Structured types and values . 51
6.2.0 General . 51
6.2.1 Record type and values . 53
6.2.1.0 General . 53
ETSI

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4 Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)
6.2.1.1 Referencing fields of a record type . 56
6.2.1.2 Optional elements in a record. 57
6.2.1.3 Nested type definitions for field types . 57
6.2.2 Set type and values . 58
6.2.2.0 General . 58
6.2.2.1 Referencing fields of a set type . 58
6.2.2.2 Optional elements in a set . 58
6.2.2.3 Nested type definition for field types . 58
6.2.3 Records and sets of single types . 58
6.2.3.0 General . 58
6.2.3.1 Nested type definitions . 61
6.2.3.2 Referencing elements of record of and set of types . 61
6.2.4 Enumerated type and values . 62
6.2.5 Unions . 64
6.2.5.0 General . 64
6.2.5.1 Referencing fields of a union type . 65
6.2.5.2 Option and union . 66
6.2.5.3 Nested type definition for field types . 67
6.2.6 The anytype . 67
6.2.7 Arrays . 67
6.2.8 The default type . 69
6.2.9 Communication port types . 69
6.2.10 Component types . 71
6.2.10.1 Component type definition . 71
6.2.10.2 Reuse of component types . 72
6.2.11 Component references . 74
6.2.12 Addressing entities inside the SUT . 76
6.2.13 Subtyping of structured types . 78
6.2.13.0 General . 78
6.2.13.1 Length subtyping of record ofs and set ofs . 78
6.2.13.2 List subtyping of structured types and anytype . 79
6.2.13.3 Subtyping of the iterated type of record ofs and set ofs . 82
6.2.13.4 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 83
6.2.14 The timer type . 83
6.2.15 Map types . 83
6.2.15.0 General . 83
6.2.15.1 Map Type Definition . 83
6.2.15.2 Indexed Assignment Notation . 84
6.2.15.3 Unmapping Keys . 84
6.2.15.4 Index Notation . 85
6.2.15.5 Accessing the Keys of a Map . 85
6.2.15.6 Accessing the Values of a Map . 86
6.2.15.7 Referencing of Elements of a Map . 86
6.2.15.8 Nested type definitions . 87
6.2.16 The open type . 87
6.3 Type compatibility . 87
6.3.0 General . 87
6.3.1 Compatibility of non-structured types . 88
6.3.2 Compatibility of structured types . 89
6.3.2.0 General . 89
6.3.2.1 Compatibility of enumerated types . 89
6.3.2.2 Compatibility of record and record of types . 90
6.3.2.3 Compatibility of set and set of types . 91
6.3.2.4 Compatibility of union types . 92
6.3.2.5 Compatibility of anytype types . 93
6.3.2.6 Compatibility between sub-structures . 93
6.3.2.7 Compatibility of the open type . 94
6.3.3 Compatibility of component types . 94
6.3.4 Type compatibility of communication and connection operations . 95
6.3.5 Type conversion . 95
6.3.6 Type compatibility of port types . 95
6.3.7 Type compatibility of timer types . 95
ETSI

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5 Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)
6.3.8 Type Compatibility of Map Types . 95
6.4 Type synonym . 96
7 Expressions . 96
7.0 General . 96
7.1 Operators . 97
7.1.0 General . 97
7.1.1 Arithmetic operators . 98
7.1.2 List operator . 99
7.1.3 Relational operators . 99
7.1.4 Logical operators . 102
7.1.5 Bitwise operators . 103
7.1.6 Shift operators . 103
7.1.7 Rotate operators . 104
7.1.8 Presence checking operators . 105
7.1.8.0 General . 105
7.1.8.1 The ispresent operator . 105
7.1.8.2 The ischosen operator . 107
7.1.8.3 The isvalue operator . 108
7.1.8.4 The isbound operator. 109
7.2 Field references and list ele me nts . 110
7.3 Decoded field reference . 111
8 Modules . 111
8.0 General . 111
8.1 Definition of a module . 112
8.2 Module definitions part . 113
8.2.0 General . 113
8.2.1 Module parameters . 114
8.2.2 Groups of definitions . 115
8.2.3 Importing from modules . 116
8.2.3.0 General . 116
8.2.3.1 General format of import . 116
8.2.3.2 Importing single definitions . 122
8.2.3.3 Importing groups . 123
8.2.3.4 Importing definitions of the same kind . 124
8.2.3.5 Importing all definitions of a module . 125
8.2.3.6 Import definitions from other TTCN-3 editions and from non-TTCN-3 modules . 126
8.2.3.7 Importing of import statements from TTCN-3 modules . 128
8.2.3.8 Compatibility of language specifications in imports . 129
8.2.4 Definition of friend modules . 129
8.2.5 Visibility of definitions . 130
8.3 Module control part . 131
9 Port types, component types and test configurations . 132
9.0 General . 132
9.1 Communication ports . 133
9.2 Test system interface . 135
10 Declaring constants . 137
11 Declaring variables . 137
11.0 General . 137
11.1 Value variables . 138
11.2 Template variables . 139
12 Declaring timers . 140
13 Declaring messages . 141
14 Declaring procedure signatures . 142
15 Declaring templates . 143
15.0 General . 143
15.1 Declaring message templates . 144
ETSI

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6 Final draft ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-03)
15.2 Declaring signature templates . 146
15.3 Global and local templates .
...

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
01-julij-2022
Metode za preskušanje in specificiranje (MTS) - 3. različica zapisa preskušanja in
krmiljenja preskusov - 1. del: Jedrni jezik TTCN-3
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS) - The Testing and Test Control Notation
version 3 - Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)
ICS:
33.040.01 Telekomunikacijski sistemi Telecommunication systems
na splošno in general
35.060 Jeziki, ki se uporabljajo v Languages used in
informacijski tehniki in information technology
tehnologiji
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022

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SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)






ETSI STANDARD
Methods for Testing and Specification (MTS);
The Testing and Test Control Notation version 3;
Part 1: TTCN-3 Core Language

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
 2 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)

Reference
RES/MTS-201873-1v4.14.1
Keywords
language, methodology, testing, TTCN-3

ETSI
650 Route des Lucioles
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE

Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00  Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16

Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - APE 7112B
Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la
Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° w061004871

Important notice
The present document can be downloaded from:
http://www.etsi.org/standards-search
The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or
print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any
existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the prevailing version of an ETSI
deliverable is the one made publicly available in PDF format at www.etsi.org/deliver.
Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status.
Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at
https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx
If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services:
https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx
If you find a security vulnerability in the present document, please report it through our
Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure Program:
https://www.etsi.org/standards/coordinated-vulnerability-disclosure
Notice of disclaimer & limitation of liability
The information provided in the present deliverable is directed solely to professionals who have the appropriate degree of
experience to understand and interpret its content in accordance with generally accepted engineering or
other professional standard and applicable regulations.
No recommendation as to products and services or vendors is made or should be implied.
No representation or warranty is made that this deliverable is technically accurate or sufficient or conforms to any law
n or warranty is made of merchantability or fitness
and/or governmental rule and/or regulation and further, no representatio
for any particular purpose or against infringement of intellectual property rights.
In no event shall ETSI be held liable for loss of profits or any other incidental or consequential damages.

Any software contained in this deliverable is provided "AS IS" with no warranties, express or implied, including but not
limited to, the warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement of intellectual property
rights and ETSI shall not be held liable in any event for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages
for loss of profits, business interruption, loss of information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of or related to the use
of or inability to use the software.
Copyright Notification
No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI.
The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.

© ETSI 2022.
All rights reserved.

ETSI

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
 3 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights . 13
Foreword . 13
Modal verbs terminology . 14
1 Scope . 15
2 References . 15
2.1 Normative references . 15
2.2 Informative references . 15
3 Definition of terms, symbols and abbreviations . 17
3.1 Terms . 17
3.2 Symbols . 23
3.3 Abbreviations . 23
4 Introduction . 24
4.0 General . 24
4.1 The core language and presentation formats . 25
4.2 Unanimity of the specification . 26
4.3 Conformance . 26
5 Basic language elements . 27
5.0 General . 27
5.1 Identifiers and keywords . 28
5.2 Scope rules . 28
5.2.0 General . 28
5.2.1 Scope of formal parameters . 30
5.2.2 Uniqueness of identifiers . 30
5.3 Ordering of language elements . 31
5.4 Parameterization . 31
5.4.0 General . 31
5.4.1 Formal parameters . 32
5.4.1.0 General . 32
5.4.1.1 Formal parameters of kind value . 33
5.4.1.2 Formal parameters of kind template . 36
5.4.2 Actual parameters . 38
5.5 Cyclic Definitions. 43
6 Types and values . 44
6.0 General . 44
6.1 Basic types and values . 45
6.1.0 Simple basic types and values. 45
6.1.1 Basic string types and values . 45
6.1.1.0 General . 45
6.1.1.1 Accessing individual string elements . 48
6.1.2 Subtyping of basic types . 48
6.1.2.0 General . 48
6.1.2.1 Lists of templates . 49
6.1.2.2 Lists of types . 49
6.1.2.3 Ranges . 49
6.1.2.4 String length restrictions . 50
6.1.2.5 Pattern subtyping of character string types . 50
6.1.2.6 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 51
6.1.2.6.1 Mixing patterns, lists and ranges . 51
6.1.2.6.2 Using length restriction with other constraints . 51
6.2 Structured types and values . 52
6.2.0 General . 52
6.2.1 Record type and values . 53
6.2.1.0 General . 53
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
 4 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)
6.2.1.1 Referencing fields of a record type . 56
6.2.1.2 Optional elements in a record. 57
6.2.1.3 Nested type definitions for field types . 58
6.2.2 Set type and values . 58
6.2.2.0 General . 58
6.2.2.1 Referencing fields of a set type . 58
6.2.2.2 Optional elements in a set . 58
6.2.2.3 Nested type definition for field types . 59
6.2.3 Records and sets of single types . 59
6.2.3.0 General . 59
6.2.3.1 Nested type definitions . 61
6.2.3.2 Referencing elements of record of and set of types . 62
6.2.4 Enumerated type and values . 62
6.2.5 Unions . 64
6.2.5.0 General . 64
6.2.5.1 Referencing fields of a union type . 66
6.2.5.2 Option and union . 67
6.2.5.3 Nested type definition for field types . 67
6.2.6 The anytype . 67
6.2.7 Arrays . 68
6.2.8 The default type . 69
6.2.9 Communication port types . 70
6.2.10 Component types . 72
6.2.10.1 Component type definition . 72
6.2.10.2 Reuse of component types . 73
6.2.11 Component references . 75
6.2.12 Addressing entities inside the SUT . 77
6.2.13 Subtyping of structured types . 79
6.2.13.0 General . 79
6.2.13.1 Length subtyping of record ofs and set ofs . 79
6.2.13.2 List subtyping of structured types and anytype . 80
6.2.13.3 Subtyping of the iterated type of record ofs and set ofs . 82
6.2.13.4 Mixing subtyping mechanisms . 84
6.2.14 The timer type . 84
6.2.15 Map types . 84
6.2.15.0 General . 84
6.2.15.1 Map Type Definition . 84
6.2.15.2 Indexed Assignment Notation . 84
6.2.15.3 Unmapping Keys . 85
6.2.15.4 Index Notation . 85
6.2.15.5 Accessing the Keys of a Map . 86
6.2.15.6 Accessing the Values of a Map . 86
6.2.15.7 Referencing of Elements of a Map . 87
6.2.15.8 Nested type definitions . 87
6.2.16 The open type . 87
6.3 Type compatibility . 88
6.3.0 General . 88
6.3.1 Compatibility of non-structured types . 88
6.3.2 Compatibility of structured types . 90
6.3.2.0 General . 90
6.3.2.1 Compatibility of enumerated types . 90
6.3.2.2 Compatibility of record and record of types . 91
6.3.2.3 Compatibility of set and set of types . 92
6.3.2.4 Compatibility of union types . 92
6.3.2.5 Compatibility of anytype types . 93
6.3.2.6 Compatibility between sub-structures . 94
6.3.2.7 Compatibility of the open type . 94
6.3.3 Compatibility of component types . 95
6.3.4 Type compatibility of communication and connection operations . 95
6.3.5 Type conversion . 96
6.3.6 Type compatibility of port types . 96
6.3.7 Type compatibility of timer types . 96
ETSI

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1:2022
 5 ETSI ES 201 873-1 V4.14.1 (2022-05)
6.3.8 Type Compatibility of Map Types . 96
6.4 Type synonym . 96
7 Expressions . 96
7.0 General . 96
7.1 Operators . 97
7.1.0 General . 97
7.1.1 Arithmetic operators . 99
7.1.2 List operator . 99
7.1.3 Relational operators . 100
7.1.4 Logical operators . 103
7.1.5 Bitwise operators . 103
7.1.6 Shift operators . 104
7.1.7 Rotate operators . 104
7.1.8 Presence checking operators . 105
7.1.8.0 General . 105
7.1.8.1 The ispresent operator . 106
7.1.8.2 The ischosen operator . 107
7.1.8.3 The isvalue operator . 108
7.1.8.4 The isbound operator. 110
7.2 Field references and list ele me nts . 111
7.3 Decoded field reference . 111
8 Modules . 112
8.0 General . 112
8.1 Definition of a module . 112
8.2 Module definitions part . 113
8.2.0 General . 113
8.2.1 Module parameters . 114
8.2.2 Groups of definitions . 115
8.2.3 Importing from modules . 116
8.2.3.0 General . 116
8.2.3.1 General format of import . 116
8.2.3.2 Importing single definitions . 123
8.2.3.3 Importing groups . 124
8.2.3.4 Importing definitions of the same kind . 125
8.2.3.5 Importing all definitions of a module . 125
8.2.3.6 Import definitions from other TTCN-3 editions and from non-TTCN-3 modules . 126
8.2.3.7 Importing of import statements from TTCN-3 modules . 128
8.2.3.8 Compatibility of language specifications in imports . 129
8.2.4 Definition of friend modules . 130
8.2.5 Visibility of definitions . 130
8.3 Module control part . 132
9 Port types, component types and test configurations . 133
9.0 General . 133
9.1 Communication ports . 133
9.2 Test system interface . 136
10 Declaring constants . 138
11 Declaring variables . 138
11.0 General . 138
11.1 Value variables . 139
11.2 Template variables . 140
12 Declaring timers .
...