oSIST prEN 1790:2009

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1790:2009
01-februar-2009
0DWHULDOL]DR]QDþHYDQMHYR]LãþD3UHGREOLNRYDQHR]QDNH
Road marking materials - Preformed road markings
Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Vorgefertigte Markierungen
Produits de marquage routier - Marquages routiers préfabriqués
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1790
ICS:
93.080.20 Materiali za gradnjo cest Road construction materials
oSIST prEN 1790:2009 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 1790:2009

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oSIST prEN 1790:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1790
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2008
ICS 93.080.20 Will supersede EN 1790:1998
English Version
Road marking materials - Preformed road markings
Produits de marquage routier - Marquages routiers Straßenmarkierungsmaterialien - Vorgefertigte
préformés Markierungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 226.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1790:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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Contents
Foreword.3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Sampling.6
5 Requirements.7
6 Identification test methods .9
7 Evaluation of conformity.11
8 Product labeling.13
Annex A (normative) Test method for IR spectroscopy of the TGA residue.14
Annex B (normative) Test method for ATR FT-IR spectroscopy of the adhesive layer .15
Annex C (normative) Preformed Road Markings - Initial Type Testing.16
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EU
Construction Products Directive (CE Marking) .21

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Foreword
This document (prEN 1790:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 226 “Road equipment”, the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1790:1998.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with the Construction Product Directive (89/106/EEC), see informative Annex ZA, which is an
integral part of this document.
The Annexes A ,B and C of this European Standard are normative.




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Introduction

A particular category of road marking materials, used for horizontal signalization, are preformed, i.e. manufactured
products in sheet form, ready for use on the road. They can be applied by means of adhesives, pressure or heat,
with or without use of a primer. Preformed road marking materials can be linear, in pieces of a certain length or in
rolls. They can also be cut out in the form of symbols or signs or parts of them, making it possible to assemble
them on the road to achieve the desired shape.

Most preformed road markings are white or yellow, but in special cases other colours are used.

Preformed road marking materials can be designed for use as permanent or temporary road markings. When they
are used for temporary road markings, and have to be removed afterwards, the specific property of "removability"
can be required.
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1 Scope

This standard specifies both identification and laboratory requirements for the specific characteristics of new
preformed road marking materials intended for permanent and temporary use. It includes annexes for test
methods. It is not necessary, unless required, to perform all the tests described.



2 Normative references

This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies.

EN 1436, Road marking materials - Road marking performance for road users

EN 1871, Road marking materials - Physical properties

EN 1824, Road marking materials - Road trials

EN 13212, Road Marking Materials – Requirements for Factory Production Control

EN 13459, Road Marking Materials – Sampling from storage and testing

EN 12802, Road Marking Materials – Laboratory methods for identification

ISO 11358, Plastics – Thermogravimetry (TG) of polymers – General principles

ISO 5725-2, Accuracy (trueness and precision) of measurement methods and results – Part 2: Basic method for
the determination of repeatability and reproducibility of a standard measurement method


3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this standard the following terms and definitions applies:
For the scope of this standard, 2 families of “preformed markings” shall be considered :

Family 1 : Fully finished road marking materials which do not change significantly their properties during
application. So they do not require drop-on materials during application.
These materials are covered by “Definitions : 3.1.1, 3.1.2 and 3.1.3 A”

Family 2 : Preformed materials that leave the production plant as semi finished products and still require the
addition of drop on materials. These materials shall follow the standard EN 1871 where indicated.
These materials are covered by “ Definitions : 3.1.3B”

3.1
preformed road marking
a factory produced road marking system (or product), in sheet or roll form, capable of being applied to the substrate
with adhesive, primer, pressure, heat or a combination of them.

NOTE Type II road markings are road markings with special properties meant to enhance the retroreflection in wet or rainy
conditions, type I road markings do not necessarily have such special properties.

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3.1.1
tape
a preformed multilayer-shaped road marking, capable of adapting itself to the texture of the substrate, which may
be precoated with pressure-sensitive adhesive, capable of being stuck to the substrate without heating the
material. Photometric, colorimetric and skid resistance characteristics are not significantly modified during
application.

3.1.2
preformed cold plastic road marking
a preformed road marking made of cold plastic marking material as defined in EN 1871, applied to the substrate by
means of an adhesive. Photometric, colorimetric and skid resistance characteristics are not significantly modified
during application.

3.1.3
preformed thermoplastic road marking
a preformed road marking made of thermoplastic marking material as defined in EN 1871, applied to the substrate
by heating the material at melting temperature. Preformed thermoplastic road markings are classified as:

• A “pre-beaded” thermoplastic road markings (retroreflective and/or anti-skid materials applied during
manufacturing) (Belonging to “Family 1” in this standard)
• B thermoplastic road markings that require a post application of the drop-on material to form a final
assembly (Belonging to “Family 2” in this standard)
.
3.2
removable preformed road marking
a preformed road marking capable of being removed, intact or in large pieces, without leaving permanent marks
that could confuse the road user during different weather conditions.

3.3
adhesive
a substance used to bond the preformed road marking to the substrate. The application of this substance may
require heating.

NOTE Additional materials to those described in 3.1 to 3.3 can include, if recommended by the manufacturer, primers
which are liquid products which may contain solids and liquid additives suspended in an organic solvent or in water. The solids
comprise inorganic and/or organic fillers, pigments and additives. The content of volatile organic solvents is not limited.
Primers are used to precoat road surfaces before the road marking system is applied. They improve the adhesion of the road
marking and protect against disintegration, discolouring etc. caused by incompatible compounds in the road surface.
4 Sampling
Samples representative of each component of the material shall be taken from storage in accordance with
EN 13459.

Smaller representative samples, of sufficient quantity to carry out all the tests required, shall be taken from the
larger samples.

4.1 Preparation of samples for lab testing

- Family 1 shall be sampled according EN 13459 for preformed road markings.

For preformed materials cut in symbols, legends or other special shapes, where lengths of at least 1 m cannot be
sampled, an equivalent area of at least 0,75 m², with a minimum width of 0,15 m and a length suitable for the tests
mentioned in 5.2 shall be sampled.

- Family 2 samples taken shall be taken according EN 13459 “Thermoplastic Materials”.

- The sample shall include relevant quantities of primer and/or adhesive, as necessary to allow for the samples to
be made in the laboratory in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

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- The laboratory shall manufacture three samples on aluminium plates at least 3 mm thick and free from
contaminants. Linear samples shall be of 1 m x 0,15 m; other samples shall approximate as closely as possible to
these dimensions. The application shall be done in accordance with the instructions given by the manufacturer.

-The samples used for the skid resistance testing shall not be used for further testing.

5 Requirements
5.1 General

Only for Family 1 : The requirements defined in 5.2 to 5.7 are valid for testing in the laboratory (performance
of the product prior to application) of all types of white and yellow preformed materials, unless stated
otherwise in the text.

Only for Family 2 : the requirements given in clause 4.2 1(Thermoplastics – Tests before heat stability) of EN 1871
shall apply.

5.2 Luminance under diffuse illumination (Qd)

The performance of preformed materials in daylight or road lighting conditions shall be in accordance with
EN 1436.

5.3 Reflection in car headlight illumination

Measured on samples in the laboratory, in accordance with EN 1436, the requirements for preformed materials
shall be as given in table 1.

Table 1.1 - Classes of coefficient of retroreflected luminance R in dry conditions for preformed
L
product following definitions 3.1.1 and 3.1.2
Type and colour Class Minimum R
L

(as defined in EN 1436)
-2 -1
mcd·m ·lx
Permanent
White and yellow R0 No performance determined
 White R5 300
Yellow R4 200
Temporary
White and yellow R0 No performance determined
White and yellow R5 300
NOTE The class R0 is intended for conditions where night visibility of the road marking is not required or
achieved without retroreflection in car headlight illumination.

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 Table 1.2 - Classes of coefficient of retroreflected luminance R in dry conditions for preformed
L
product following definitions 3.1.3A
Type and colour Classes Minimum R
L

(as defined in EN 1436)
-2 -1
mcd·m ·lx
Permanent R0 No performance determined
White R5 300
R4 200
R3 150
R2 100
Permanent R0 No performance determined
    Yellow R4 200
R3 150
R1 80
NOTE  The class R0 is intended for conditions where night visibility of the road marking is not required or
achieved without retroreflection in car headlight illumination.


5.4 Luminance factor and colour

5.4.1 Measured on samples in the laboratory, in accordance with EN 1436, the requirements for preformed
materials shall be as given in table 2.

Table 2 - Classes of luminance factor ββββ in dry conditions
Type and colour Class
Minimum luminance factor β
(as defined in EN 1436)
Permanent
White and yellow B0 No performance determined
White B5 0,60
Yellow B3 0,40
Temporary
White and yellow B0 No performance determined
White B6 0,70
Yellow B3 0,40
NOTE  The class B0 is intended for conditions where verification of the visibility of the road marking is
achieved by measurement of luminance coefficient under diffuse illumination, Qd.


5.4.2 The chromaticity regions for preformed materials shall be in accordance with EN 1436, with the use of class
Y2 for yellow.

5.5 Skid resistance

Measured on samples in the laboratory, with the exception of preformed thermoplastic materials (see note), the
skid resistance of preformed materials shall be in accordance with EN 1436.

NOTE This measurement is not relevant for preformed thermoplastic materials because the application can change the
performance of the preformed material.

5.6 Removability

Removable preformed road markings shall be entirely removable without leaving permanent marks that could
confuse the road user during the different weather conditions.

The removability of temporary preformed road markings cannot be determined in the laboratory and shall therefore
be tested on the road, in accordance with Annex F of EN 1824.

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5.7 UV ageing for preformed road markings applied without heat

UV ageing shall be checked in accordance with EN 1871. The luminance factor β shall be determined before and
after the UV ageing.

The preformed materials shall be classified in accordance with table 3, where ∆β is the difference between the
luminance factor before and after testing.

Table 3 - Classes of UV ageing
Colour Class
∆β
White and yellow UV0 No performance determined
White and yellow UV2
≤ 0,10
6 Identification test methods
6.1 General

Since preformed road marking materials consist of a complex multi-layer structure, usual laboratory methods
cannot be applied, unless allowing wide tolerances and using a combination of different methods.
The composition can be determined better by means of fingerprinting.

For Family 1 the identification shall be done according to the standard methods listed in 6.2 to 6.4 and the
corresponding tolerances defined in Table 4.
For Family 2 the identification shall be done according to EN 12802 clause 5.3. Thermoplastics.

Alternative test methods may be used providing that:
• The resulting values are comparable to those obtained using the standard methods; and
• The repeatability of alternative methods, determined in accordance with ISO 5725-2, can be shown to be not
less than that of the methods given in this standard.

6.2 Ash content

The ash content shall be determined using either the method described in Annex H of EN 12802, or an alternative
method complying with 6.1.

Table 4 - Tolerances
Parameter Maximum relative deviation Maximum absolute deviation
Ash content - 3%


6.3 Fingerprinting

Fingerprinting consists of different qualitative pieces of information deriving from physical analysis.
As preformed products are multilayer constructions and may have structured surfaces, it is essential to perform
fingerprinting on as many representative number of samples as possible.


6.3.1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA)

Test shall be executed as qualitative analysis referring to ISO 11358.
Under the same test conditions, the thermogravimetric curve of the sample to be examined shall match the
thermogravimetric curve of the reference samples, as in the following example below :

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Key

1 weight in %
2 temperature in °C
3 preformed product A

Figure 1 – TGA scan of a preformed road marking (example)

TGA test conditions for the example above : Typical steps followed :
1.    From room temperature to 450°C under nitrogen @ 10 °C/min
2.    Keep 20 min 450°C
3.    Switch to synthetic air and go up to 1000 °C @ 10°C/min

Initially the supplier shall determine the TGA test conditions and reference sample(s). The thermogravimetric
curves shall show a similar mass change profile for future samples as well.

6.3.2. FT-IR spectroscopy of the TGA residue

The IR spectrum shall be determined by IR analysis using a KBr pellet.
-1 -1
The infrared spectrometer shall automatically record FT-IR spectra, range 4000 cm to 400 cm with an optical
-1
resolving power better than 5 cm throughout the spectral range using an ordinate with a scale of 0 % to 100 %
transmission.

6.3.3. Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) FT-IR spectroscopy of the adhesive layer

This test only applies when product is precoated with adhesive at factory level.
The IR spectrum shall be determined by means of an infrared spectrometer, automatically recording ATR FT-IR
-1 -1 -1
spectra, range 4000 cm to 400 cm with an optical resolving power better than 5 cm throughout the spectral
range using an ordinate with a scale of 0 % to 100 % transmission, with ATR crystal and accessories.
See Annex B of this standard for the testmethod.
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7 Evaluation of conformity
7.1 General

The compliance of road marking materials with the requirements of this document and with the stated values shall
be demonstrated by:
- initial type testing;
- factory production control;

7.2 Type testing

Family 1 : Initial type testing shall be carried out in accordance with this Clause 7.2 and with Annex C.
Family 2 initial type testing shall follow EN 1871 for Thermoplastics, where the product described under Definition
3.1.3B is used as the base material to form the final assembly after drop on materials were applied.

7.2.1 Initial type testing (I.T.T.)

If the ITT is the responsibility of a certification body,
- the certification body is responsible for the sampling for the initial type test of the product;
- the certification body checks if the initial type test is carried out according to the provisions of this
standard;
- Tests included in Annex C previously performed in accordance with the provisions of this standard
(same product, same characteristic(s), test method, sampling procedure, system of attestations of
conformity, etc.) can be taken into account if the certification body (decision of the certification body)
can check that
o the laboratory, which carried out the initial type test of the product has the necessary
competence and independence;
o the samples which were tested are representative for the product for which the ITT is required;
o the tests were carried out according to the provisions of this product standard.


7.2.2 Further type testing

Whenever a change occurs to a component, or in the production process, which would change significantly one or
more of the characteristics, the type testing shall be repeated for the appropriate characteristic(s). If the ITT is the
responsibility of a certification body, the manufacturer shall declare such changes and the certification body shall
decide for which characteristic(s) the ITT shall be repeated.

7.2.3 Sampling, testing and compliance criteria

Sampling shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13459.
The results of all type tests (initial and further testing) shall be recorded and held by the manufacturer and be
available for inspection.


7.3 Factory production control (FPC)

The FPC shall be carried out in accordance with EN 13212.

7.4 Inspection of the factory production control

When required, inspection of the factory and of the factory production control shall be made on the provisions
contained in EN 13212 and this clause.

7.4.1 Initial inspection of the factory and the factory production control

The initial inspection shall:
- Check that the producer’s FPC system complies with all the requirements of the product standard.
- Visit the production unit, review the resources and check the practical application of the system of
Factory Production Control.

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The certification body shall verify whether all requirements of EN 13212 have been dealt with appropriately in the production
control manual and related documents. If this is not the case the certification body will inform the producer of the non-
compliances found and request corrective action, including an updated version of the documents if necessary.

During the initial inspection the certification body will investigate whether the documented system is implemented in accordance
with the requirements of EN 13212. Items found not to be in compliance are classified as either observations, remarks or non-
conformities. These will all be reported to the producer at the end of the initial inspection.

The initial type testing (ITT) is not part of the FPC, but has to be carried out in accordance with the test methods and systems of
attestation of conformity described in this standard.

Test results from the FPC shall comply with the requirements of the appropriate part of EN 13212 and the product specification
(manufacturer’s stated values as referred to in clause ZA.1 of Annex ZA of the relevant product standard). The manufacturer’s
stated values and a procedure for the evaluation of the test results shall therefore be part of the FPC-system.

Results of production control tests of the road marking materials relating to this product standard shall be available at the time of
the initial inspection.

Even if one FPC system is used for different production units on one or different sites, all means of production on all sites have
to be visited.

In case of an FPC system conforming with the requirements of EN-ISO 9001, it is the task of the certification body to verify that
the quality system meets the requirements of this product standard and EN 13212, and to verify the effective implementation. If
the result of those verifications is positive, the FPC system shall be considered to satisfy the above requirements.

7.4.2 Continual surveillance of the factory and the factory production control

The Factory Production Control system shall be subject to surveillance as set out below.

An audit of the Factory Production Control system, including an inspection of the production unit, at a minimum
frequency of at least once per year.

Reviews of relevant quality complaints are to be covered as part of the routine audit.

An assessment that any modifications to the Factory Production Control system are in accordance with this
European Standard.

Checks on the proper use of product labelling and documentation.

The certification body exercises the surveillance of the FPC on the basis of the requirements of this standard and
EN 13212 and on the basis of the initial inspection of the factory and FPC.

The producer is required to have informed the certification body of any changes in the FPC, including modifications
to the factory. Failure to do so may result in a non-compliance being raised by the certification body.

It will be the decision of the certification body whether or not a further inspection visit is necessary at the time of the
announcement of any such changes.
The certification body shall inform the producer about the results of all continuous surveillance visits and shall also
inform the producer of any non-compliances (observations, remarks or non-conformities) it has raised.

The certification body may decide to carry out further visits if serious deficiencies in the FPC are identified.

Where non-compliance is identified, it is the responsibility of the producer to investigate the cause of the problem
and report to the certification body effective corrective action measures appropriate to the nature of the non-
compliance raised.

In the case of non-implementation of suitable corrective action or continuing non-compliance (non-conformities),
the certification body shall advise the producer of the action it intends to take.

Even if one FPC system is used for different production units on one or different sites, all means of production on
all sites have to be visited.

In case of an FPC system conforming with the requirements of EN ISO 9001, it is the task of the certification body
to verify that the quality system meets the requirements of this product standard and EN 13212, and to verify the
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effective implementation. If the result of those verifications is positive, the FPC system shall be considered to
satisfy the above requirements.

8 Product labeling
The packaging of preformed materials shall show the following
information:

a) the number and year of this European Standard, EN 1790, and the
applicable classes of performance ;

b) the manufacturer's trade mark ;

c) the type of preformed road marking ;

d) the colour ;

e) the size and shape ;

f) the batch number and date of manufacture ;

g) the intended use of the product (permanent, temporary, substrate
types) and any limitations for use of the product.

Where the above information is also required as part of regulatory marking, compliance with the requirement for
regulatory marking shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this clause without the need for repetition.
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Annex A
(normative)

Test method for IR spectroscopy of the TGA residue

A.1 Principle
The purpose of this test is to determine the infrared spectrum of the residue remaining after thermogravimetric
analysis (referred as TGA residue below).

A.2 Apparatus

-1 -1
a) Infrared spectrometer, automatically recording FT-IR spectra, range 4000 cm to 400 cm with an optical
-1
resolving power better than 5 cm throughout the spectral range using an ordinate with a scale of 0 % to
100 % transmission;

b
...