SIST EN 302 186 V1.1.1:2004

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-julij-2004
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Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Harmonized EN for satellite mobile Aircraft
Earth Stations (AESs) operating in the 11/12/14 GHz frequency bands covering essential
requirements under article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 302 186 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.070.40 Satelit Satellite
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunications series)

Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES);
Harmonized EN for satellite mobile
Aircraft Earth Stations (AESs)
operating in the 11/12/14 GHz frequency bands
covering essential requirements
under article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive

2 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)

Reference
DEN/SES-00085
Keywords
aeronautical, air interface, AMSS, earth station,
FSS, GSO, mobile, MSS, regulation, satellite
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ETSI
3 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.6
Foreword.6
Introduction .7
1 Scope.9
2 References.10
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .11
3.1 Definitions.11
3.2 Symbols.14
3.3 Abbreviations.14
4 Technical requirement specifications.15
4.1 General.15
4.1.1 Environmental profile.15
4.2 Conformance requirements.15
4.2.1 General.15
4.2.2 Spurious radiation.16
4.2.2.1 Justification.16
4.2.2.2 Specification.16
4.2.2.3 Conformance tests.17
4.2.3 On-axis spurious radiation .17
4.2.3.1 Justification.17
4.2.3.2 Specification.17
4.2.3.2.1 "Carrier-on" state.17
4.2.3.2.2 "Carrier-off" state and "transmission disabled" state.18
4.2.3.3 Conformance tests.18
4.2.4 Off-axis EIRP emissions density in the nominated bandwidth.18
4.2.4.1 Justification.18
4.2.4.2 Specification.18
4.2.4.3 Conformance tests.19
4.2.5 Control and Monitoring Functions (CMF).19
4.2.5.1 Processor monitoring.20
4.2.5.1.1 Justification.20
4.2.5.1.2 Specification.20
4.2.5.1.3 Conformance tests.20
4.2.5.2 Transmit subsystem monitoring.21
4.2.5.2.1 Justification.21
4.2.5.2.2 Specification.21
4.2.5.2.3 Conformance tests.21
4.2.5.3 Power-on/Reset.21
4.2.5.3.1 Justification.21
4.2.5.3.2 Specification.21
4.2.5.3.3 Conformance tests.21
4.2.5.4 Control Channel (CC) reception .21
4.2.5.4.1 Justification.21
4.2.5.4.2 Specification.21
4.2.5.4.3 Conformance tests.21
4.2.5.5 Network control commands .22
4.2.5.5.1 Justification.22
4.2.5.5.2 Specification.22
4.2.5.5.3 Conformance tests.22
4.2.5.6 Initial burst transmission .22
4.2.5.6.1 General.22
4.2.5.6.2 Specification.22
4.2.5.6.3 Conformance tests.23
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
4.2.6 Power Flux Density at the surface of the earth .23
4.2.6.1 General.23
4.2.6.2 Power flux density limits in the 14,00 GHz to 14,50 GHz frequency band .23
4.2.6.2.1 Justification.23
4.2.6.2.2 Specification 1: mode of PFD limitation .23
4.2.6.2.3 Specification 2: Location where to limit the PFD .24
4.2.6.2.4 Specification 3: PFD limitation .24
4.2.6.2.5 Specification 4: Fault conditions .25
4.2.6.2.6 Conformance tests.25
5 Testing for compliance with technical requirements.25
5.1 Environmental conditions for testing .25
5.2 Essential radio test suites.25
6 Test methods.26
6.0 General.26
6.1 Spurious radiation.27
6.1.1 Test method.27
6.1.1.1 Up to 1 000 MHz (see clause 4.2.2.2, table 2) .27
6.1.1.1.1 Test site.27
6.1.1.1.2 Measuring receivers.28
6.1.1.1.3 Procedure.28
6.1.1.2 Above 1 000 MHz (see clause 4.2.2.2, tables 3 and 4) .28
6.1.1.2.1 Identification of the significant frequencies of spurious radiation .28
6.1.1.2.2 Measurement of radiated power levels of identified spurious radiation.29
6.2 On-axis spurious radiation.30
6.2.1 Test method.30
6.2.1.1 Test site.30
6.2.1.2 Method of measurement.30
6.2.1.2.1 General.30
6.2.1.2.2 Method of measurement at the antenna flange .30
6.2.1.2.3 Method of measurement with a test antenna .31
6.3 Off-axis EIRP emissions density in the nominated bandwidth .32
6.3.1 General.32
6.3.2 rms antenna pointing accuracy.33
6.3.2.1 Method of measurement.33
6.3.3 Measurement of the off-axis EIRP without the antenna .33
6.3.3.1 Transmitter output power density .33
6.3.3.1.1 Method of measurement.34
6.3.3.2 Antenna transmit gain.34
6.3.3.2.1 General.34
6.3.3.2.2 Test site.34
6.3.3.2.3 Method of measurement.35
6.3.3.3 Antenna transmit radiation patterns .36
6.3.3.3.1 General.36
6.3.3.3.2 Test site.36
6.3.3.3.3 Method of measurement.36
6.3.3.4 Computation of results .37
6.3.4 Measurement of the off-axis EIRP with the antenna .37
6.3.4.1 General.37
6.3.4.2 Maximum EIRP density per 40 kHz ratio relative to the EIRP.37
6.3.4.2.1 Method of measurement.38
6.3.4.3 Maximum on-axis EIRP.38
6.3.4.3.1 General.38
6.3.4.3.2 Test site.38
6.3.4.3.3 Method of measurement.39
6.3.4.4 Antenna transmit radiation patterns .40
6.3.4.4.1 General.40
6.3.4.4.2 Test site.40
6.3.4.4.3 Method of measurement.41
6.3.4.5 Computation of results .42
6.4 Power Flux Density Test .42
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5 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
6.4.1 General.42
6.4.2 Verification of specification 1: mode of PFD limitation.42
6.4.3 Verification of specification 2: Location where to limit the PFD.43
6.4.4 Verification of specification 3: PFD limitation.43
6.4.4.1 Measurement of the antenna radiation pattern below the aircraft fuselage .43
6.4.4.1.1 General.43
6.4.4.1.2 Test site.43
6.4.4.1.3 Test method procedure .43
6.4.4.2 Measurement of on-axis EIRP as a function of altitude.44
6.4.4.2.1 General.44
6.4.4.2.2 Test site.44
6.4.4.2.3 Method of measurement with a test antenna .45
6.4.4.3 Computation of the power flux density at the surface of the Earth.45
6.4.5 Verification of specification 4: Fault conditions.46
6.4.5.1 Test Arrangement.46
6.4.5.2 Test method.46
6.5 Control and monitoring.47
6.5.1 Test arrangement.47
6.5.2 Processor monitoring.48
6.5.2.1 Test method.48
6.5.3 Transmit subsystem monitoring.48
6.5.3.1 Test method.48
6.5.4 Power-on/Reset.49
6.5.4.1 Test method.49
6.5.5 Control Channel (CC) reception .49
6.5.5.1 Test method.49
6.5.6 Network control commands.50
6.5.6.1 Test method.50
6.5.7 Initial burst transmission.51
6.5.7.1 Test method.51
Annex A (normative): The EN Requirements Table (EN-RT).52
Annex B (normative): Environmental conditions.53
B.1 General.53
B.2 Environmental conformance requirements.53
B.3 Environmental test conditions.53
Annex C (informative): Bibliography.55
History .56

ETSI
6 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This Candidate Harmonized European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical
Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES).
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to a mandate from the European Commission issued
under Council Directive 98/34/EC (as amended) laying down a procedure for the provision of information in the field of
technical standards and regulations.
The present document is intended to become a Harmonized Standard, the reference of which will be published in the
Official Journal of the European Communities referencing the Directive 1999/5/EC [1] of the European Parliament and
of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual
recognition of their conformity ("the R&TTE Directive").
Technical specifications relevant to Directive 1999/5/EC [1] are given in annex A.

National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 23 January 2004
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 April 2004
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 October 2004
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 October 2004

ETSI
7 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
Introduction
The present document is part of a set of standards designed to fit in a modular structure to cover all radio and
telecommunications terminal equipment under the R&TTE Directive [1]. Each standard is a module in the structure.
The modular structure is shown in figure 1a.
Disability*
3.3f
Emergency*
3.3e
Fraud*
3.3d
3.3c
Privacy*
No harm to the network*
3.3b
* If needed
Scoped by
Interworking via the network*
equipment
3.3a class or type
Interworking with the network
Use of spectrum
3.2
New radio harmonized standards
Spectrum
Scoped by frequency and/or equipment type
Radio Product EMC
EN 301 489 multi-part EMC standard
3.1b
EMC
Generic and product standards also notified under EMC Directive
- If needed, new standards for human exposure to
Electromagnetic Fields,
- if needed, new standards for acoustic safety
3.1a
Standards also notified under LV Directive
Safety
Non-radio Radio (RE)
TTE Non-TTE
Figure 1a: Modular structure for the various standards used under the R&TTE Directive [1]
ETSI
8 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
The left hand edge of the figure 1a shows the different clauses of article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [1].
For article 3.3 various horizontal boxes are shown. Dotted lines indicate that at the time of publication of the present
document essential requirements in these areas have to be adopted by the Commission. If such essential requirements
are adopted, and as far and as long as they are applicable, they will justify individual standards whose scope is likely to
be specified by function or interface type.
The vertical boxes show the standards under article 3.2 for the use of the radio spectrum by radio equipment. The
scopes of these standards are specified either by frequency (normally in the case where frequency bands are
harmonized) or by radio equipment type.
For article 3.1b the diagram shows EN 301 489, the multi-part product EMC standard for radio used under the EMC
Directive (see bibliography).
For article 3.1a the diagram shows the existing safety standards currently used under the LV Directive (see
bibliography) and new standards covering human exposure to electromagnetic fields. New standards covering acoustic
safety may also be required.
The bottom of the figure shows the relationship of the standards to radio equipment and telecommunications terminal
equipment. A particular equipment may be radio equipment, telecommunications terminal equipment or both. A radio
spectrum standard will apply if it is radio equipment. An article 3.3 standard will apply as well only if the relevant
essential requirement under the R&TTE Directive [1] is adopted by the Commission and if the equipment in question is
covered by the scope of the corresponding standard. Thus, depending on the nature of the equipment, the essential
requirements under the R&TTE Directive [1] may be covered in a set of standards.
The modularity principle has been taken because:
• it minimizes the number of standards needed. Because equipment may, in fact, have multiple interfaces and
functions it is not practicable to produce a single standard for each possible combination of functions that may
occur in an equipment;
• it provides scope for standards to be added:
- under article 3.2 when new frequency bands are agreed; or
- under article 3.3 should the Commission take the necessary decisions without requiring alteration of
standards that are already published;
• it clarifies, simplifies and promotes the usage of Harmonized Standards as the relevant means of conformity
assessment.
The requirements have been selected to ensure an adequate level of compatibility with other radio services.
The present document may not cover those cases where a potential source of interference which is producing
individually repeated transient phenomena or a continuous phenomenon is present, e.g. a radar or broadcast site in the
near vicinity. In such a case it may be necessary to use special protection applied to either the source of interference, or
the interfered part or both.
The present document does not contain any requirement, recommendation or information about the installation of the
AES on aircraft.
The determination of the parameters of the AES using a given GeoStationary Orbiting (GSO) satellite for the protection
of the spectrum allocated to that satellite, is considered to be under the responsibility of the satellite operator or the
satellite network operators.
ETSI
9 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
1 Scope
The present document specifies certain minimum technical performance requirements of Aircraft Earth Station (AES)
equipment with both transmit and receive capabilities for provision of aeronautical mobile satellite service, in the
frequency bands given in table 1.
Table 1: Frequency bands for the AES equipment specified in the present document
Mode of Operation Frequency Band
AES transmit 14,00 GHz to 14,50 GHz
AES receive 10,70 GHz to 11,70 GHz
AES receive 12,50 GHz to 12,75 GHz
NOTE: The AESs are operating in one or more frequency ranges of the Fixed and
Mobile-Satellite Services.
The AES has the following characteristics:
- These AESs are equipment for installation on aircraft.
- The AES could consist of a number of modules from the antenna subsystem to the user interfaces.
- The AES uses linear polarization.
- The AES system uses digital modulation.
- The AES operates through a GSO satellite at least 3° away from any other geostationary satellite operating in
the same frequency band and covering the same area.
- The antenna of the AES is directional, with means of tracking the satellites, which can be achieved by using
either an active phase array or reflective type configuration.
- These AESs are operating as part of a satellite network used for the distribution and/or exchange of
information between users.
- These AESs are controlled and monitored by a Network Control Facility (NCF). The NCF is outside the scope
of the present document.
o
- When on the ground, the AES does not transmit at elevation angles below 7 with respect to the local
o
horizontal plane, except at locations where transmissions below 7 are permitted by the local Administration;
(the minimum elevation angle is also limited as per clause 4.2).
The technical requirements in the present document are in two major categories:
- emission limits: to protect other radio services and systems from harmful interference generated by the AES
in normal use;
- AES Control and Monitoring Functions (CMF): to protect other radio services and systems from unwanted
transmissions from the AES. The CMF in each AES is capable of answering to commands from the Network
Control Facility (NCF) for its supporting satellite network.
The present document applies to the AESs with their ancillary equipment and its various ports, and when operated
within the boundary limits of the operational environmental profile declared by the manufacturer.
The technical requirements for the AES in regard to the Power Flux Density (PFD) limits to protect Fixed Service (FS)
and Radio Astronomy Service (RAS) are based on annexes B and C of ITU-R Recommendation M.1643 [5] and ECC
Report 26 (see bibliography). Furthermore, in relation to the protection of the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) the technical
requirements of the AES take into account annex A of ITU-R Recommendation M.1643 [5].
The present document is intended to cover the provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive) [1] article 3.2,
which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to
terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference".
ETSI
10 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements
under other parts of article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [1] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present
document.
NOTE: A list of such ENs is included on the web site at: http:\\www.newapproach.org.
The present document does not cover equipment compliance with relevant civil aviation regulations. In this respect, an
AES, for its installation and operation on board an aircraft is subject to additional national or international civil aviation
airworthiness certification requirements, for example to EUROCAE ED-14D [4].
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
[1] Directive 1999/5/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 1999 on radio
equipment and telecommunications terminal equipment and the mutual recognition of their
conformity (R&TTE Directive).
[2] CISPR 16-1 (2003) (all sub-parts): "Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring
apparatus and methods; Part 1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus".
[3] IEEE STD 149 (1979): "IEEE Standard Test Procedures for Antennas".
[4] EUROCAE ED-14D (1997) Change 1 (2000), Change 2 (2001) and Change 3 (2002) (Equivalent
to RTCA DO-160D): "Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for Airborne Equipment".
[5] ITU-R Recommendation M.1643 (2003): "Technical and operational requirements for aircraft
earth stations of aeronautical mobile-satellite service including those using fixed-satellite service
network transponders in the band 14-14.5 GHz (Earth-to-space)".
ETSI
11 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the terms and definitions given in the R&TTE Directive [1] and the following
apply:
BBeameam-Zn-Zn
mmaaiinn Beam Beam-ax-axiiss
grgrouounndd p pllanane axe axisis
AntAnteennanna pla plannee
arbarbiittrrarary y
referrefereence dince directrectiioonn
BeamBeam-E-Ell
BeBeaamm-Az-Az
grouground pland plannee
Figure 1b: Reference angles and planes for a passive (e.g. reflector) antenna
ETSI
12 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
mmaaiinn Beam Beam-axi-axiss
BeaBeamm-Zn-Zn
ggrrouounndd pl planane e axaxiiss
BeamBeam--EEll
BeamBeam-Az-Az
arbarbiitrartrary y
refrefeerenrence dce diirerectictioonn
PhPhasaseedd Ar Arrraay play plannee

Figure 1c: Reference angles and planes for an active (e.g. phased array) antenna
AMSS network: comprises the AESs, geostationary satellite, LES and NCF
ancillary equipment: equipment used in connection with an AES is considered as ancillary if the three following
conditions are met:
a) the equipment is intended for use in conjunction with the AES to provide additional operational and/or control
features (e.g. to extend control to another position or location); and
b) the equipment cannot be used on a stand alone basis, to provide user functions independently of the AES; and
c) the absence of the equipment does not inhibit the operation of the AES.
antenna plane: for a passive antenna, plane orthogonal to the main beam axis direction. For a phased array antenna, the
antenna plane is the phase array plane
NOTE: See figure 1b.
applicant: manufacturer or his authorized representative within the European Community or the person responsible for
placing the apparatus on the market
beam Az angle: angle between an arbitrary reference direction (declared by the manufacturer) within the ground plane
and the orthogonal projection of the main beam axis within that plane
NOTE 1: See figures 1b and 1c.
NOTE 2: In case of a rectangular phased array antenna such reference direction may be taken, for example, as the
direction parallel to the longer of the two sides.
NOTE 3: When the ground plane axis is vertical and the reference direction oriented towards the north or the south,
then the beam Az angle is the main beam azimuth angle.
beam El angle: angle between the ground plane and the main beam axis
NOTE: See figures 1b and 1c.
ETSI
13 ETSI EN 302 186 V1.1.1 (2004-01)
beam Zn angle: angle between the ground plane axis and the antenna main beam axis
NOTE: See figures 1b and 1c.
carrier-off state: state in which AES is when either it is authorized by the Network Control Facility (NCF) to transmit
but when it does not transmit any signal, or when it is not authorized by the NCF to transmit
carrier-on state: state in which AES is when it is authorized by the NCF to transmit and when it transmits a signal
Control Channel (CC): channel or channels by which AES receive control information from the NCF of their network
NOTE: The CCs are not necessarily on separate RF channels from the RF channels carrying the user data
streams.
EIRP : maximum EIRP capability of the AES as declared by the applicant
max
environmental profile: range of environmental conditions
Externally Mounted Equipment (EME): those of the modules of the Installable Equipment (IE) which are intended to
be mounted externally to the aircraft as stated by the manufacturer
ground plane: for a passive antenna, the plane over which the antenna is mounted
NOTE: This plane can be specified by the manufacturer. For a phased array antenna, the ground plane is the
phase array plane (see figure 1b).
ground plane axis: direction orthogonal to the ground plane
NOTE: See figures 1b and 1c.
Installable Equipment (IE): equipment which is intended to be fitted to an aircraft
NOTE: An IE may consist of one or several interconnected modules.
Internally Mounted Equipment (IME): those of the modules of the IE which are not declared by the manufacturer as
EME are defined as IME
integral antenna: antenna which may not be removed during the tests according to the applicant's statement
Land Earth Station (LES): earth station in the FSS or, in some cases, in the MSS, located at a specified fixed point or
within a specified area on land to provide a feeder-link for the MSS
main beam axis: direction where the antenna gain is maximum
NOTE: See figures 1b and 1c.
manufacturer: authorized representative within the Community or the person responsible for placing the apparatus on
the market
nominated Bandwidth (Bn): bandwidth of the AES radio frequency transmission nominated by the applicant
NOTE 1: The nominated bandwidth is centred on the transmit frequency and does not exceed 5 times the occupied
Bandwidth (Bo). The nominated bandwidth is within the 14,00 GHz to 14,50 GHz transmit frequency
band.
NOTE 2: The nominated bandwidth is wide enough to encompass all spectral elements of the transmission which
have a level greater than the specified spurious radiation limits. The nominated bandwidth is wide enough
to take account of the transmit carrier frequency stability. This definition is chosen to allow flexibility
regarding adjacent channel interference levels which will
...