Performance standards in building -- Definition and calculation of area and space indicators

This document specifies the definition and calculation of surface area and volume indicators.
In defining area measurement, this document uses three measurement concepts:
a) the intra-muros and extra-muros concept used in many parts of the world;
b) the wall centre method of measurement used in many parts of the world;
c) variations on these methods to comply with certain national laws or for particular types of
buildings.
The surface area and volume indicators defined in this document are intended for practical use, as a
basis for measuring various aspects of the performance of buildings or as a planning aid. In other words,
they should enable judgement to be made on functional, technical and economic aspects of buildings.
This document is intended to be used when establishing
— specifications for the geometric performance of a building and its spaces (e.g. in design, purchasing
procedures, etc., or in building regulations where appropriate),
— technical documentation relating to the performance of whole buildings prepared by designers,
contractors and manufacturers,
— the amount of floor area that will not be effectively available for the placement of an individual’s
workplace, furniture, equipment, or for circulation, and
— evaluation, comparison or control of the properties of a building which are connected to its geometric
performance.
NOTE Although there are a variety of methods of area measurement around the world depending on the
country and/or types of buildings, all measuring methods are not necessarily of practical use because of inability
to identify real area (e.g. the wall centre method of measurement). Thus, this document specializes in the
measurement solely for practical use.

Normes de performance dans le bâtiment -- Définition et calcul des indicateurs de surface et de volume

Standardi za lastnosti stavb - Definicija in računanje indikatorjev površine in prostornine

Ta dokument določa definicijo in način računanja indikatorjev površine in prostornine.
Pri določanju merjenja površine ta dokument uporablja tri koncepte merjenja:
a) koncept intra muros in extra muros, ki se uporablja v številnih delih sveta;
b) način merjenja sredine stene, ki se uporablja v številnih delih sveta;
c) različice teh načinov, da bi se zagotovila skladnost z določenimi državnimi zakoni ali za določene vrste stavb.
Indikatorji površine in prostornine, definirani v tem dokumentu, so namenjeni praktični uporabi kot podlaga za ocenjevanje različnih vidikov kakovosti stavb ali kot pomoč pri načrtovanju. Drugače povedano, ti indikatorji bi morali omogočiti presojo funkcionalnih, tehničnih in ekonomskih vidikov stavb.
Ta dokument naj bi se uporabljal pri določanju:
– specifikacij za geometrično učinkovitost stavbe in njenih prostorov (npr. pri projektiranju, postopkih
nakupovanja itd. ali pri predpisih v zvezi s stavbami, kjer je to primerno);
– tehnične dokumentacije, ki se nanaša na lastnosti stavb v celoti in ki jo pripravljajo projektanti, izvajalci in proizvajalci;
– obsega površine tal, ki ne bo učinkovito na voljo za postavitev posameznikovega delovnega mesta, pohištva, opreme ali za kroženje; in
– vrednotenja, primerjave ali kontrole lastnosti stavbe, ki so povezane z njenimi geometrijskimi lastnostmi.
OPOMBA: Čeprav po vsem svetu obstajajo različni načini merjenja površine, ki so odvisni od države in/ali vrste stavb, vsi načini merjenja niso nujno praktični, ker z njimi ni mogoče določiti dejanske površine (npr. način merjenja sredine stene). Zato se ta dokument osredotoča na merjenje izključno za praktično uporabo.

General Information

Status
Withdrawn
Public Enquiry End Date
19-Feb-2018
Publication Date
18-Feb-2018
Withdrawal Date
09-Jul-2024
Current Stage
9900 - Withdrawal (Adopted Project)
Start Date
09-Jul-2024
Due Date
01-Aug-2024
Completion Date
10-Jul-2024

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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9836
Third edition
2017-09
Performance standards in building —
Definition and calculation of area and
space indicators
Normes de performance dans le bâtiment — Définition et calcul des
indicateurs de surface et de volume
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Units . 3
5 Intra-muros calculation methods and list of indicators for geometric performance .3
5.1 Surface areas . 3
5.1.1 Calculation principles . 3
5.1.2 Covered area . 3
5.1.3 Total floor area . 3
5.1.4 Intra-muros area . 5
5.1.5 Net floor area . 5
5.1.6 Area of structural elements . 6
5.1.7 Usable area . 6
5.1.8 Services area . 7
5.1.9 Circulation area . 8
5.1.10 Building envelope area . 8
5.1.11 Effective and actual building loss area . 8
5.2 Volumes .15
5.2.1 Calculation principles .15
5.2.2 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed and
covered on all sides.17
5.2.3 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are not enclosed on
all sides up to their full height, but which are covered .17
5.2.4 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed by
components, but which are not covered .18
5.2.5 Net volume .18
5.2.6 Net volume above intra-muros area .18
5.2.7 Net volume above usable area .18
5.2.8 Net volume above services area .19
5.2.9 Net volume above circulation area .19
5.3 Examples of indicators .19
5.3.1 Surface area indicators .19
5.3.2 Space indicators.20
5.3.3 Area/volume indicators .21
5.4 Commentary .21
Annex A (informative) Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction .22
Bibliography .23
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 15, Framework for the description of housing performance.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9836:2011), of which it constitutes a
minor revision with the following changes plus other minor editorial modifications:
— in Figure 1, the intra-muros area has been changed;
— in 5.1.7.3, ISO 6241:1984, Tables 1 and 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016, Table B.1;
— in 5.4, ISO 6241:1984, Table 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016;
— in Bibliography, references have been added;
— in 5.1.11 g) and A.2, the decimal point expression has been corrected.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The surface area and volume indicators derived from measuring spaces in buildings can be used to
compare aspects of value, such as the proportion of space or volume which can be utilized functionally.
As approximate values for planning, they can be a basis for further developments.
Reference to surface area and volume indicators when assessing buildings, which either already exist or
which are in the planning stage, indirectly indicates certain economic characteristics of the buildings.
Thus, the relationship between the area taken up by the building and the usable area indicates whether
the building costs and materials have been used to their best advantage.
In the same way, the relationship between the area of the building envelope and the usable area shows
the extent to which basic savings have been made on the envelope and the running costs of the heating
and air conditioning systems.
As far as the determination of the economic performance of whole buildings is concerned, surface
area and volume indicators contain basic data for calculation and comparison of capital costs and for
running costs and maintenance. They give a basis for the minimization of running costs by limiting
the amount of space and the cost of individual materials. For example, if the area of the external walls
is small compared to the usable area, this would indicate not only relatively low energy costs but also
relatively low cleaning and maintenance costs for facades.
NOTE Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction are given in Annex A.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9836:2017(E)
Performance standards in building — Definition and
calculation of area and space indicators
1 Scope
This document specifies the definition and calculation of surface area and volume indicators.
In defining area measurement, this document uses three measurement concepts:
a) the intra-muros and extra-muros concept used in many parts of the world;
b) the wall centre method of measurement used in many parts of the world;
c) variations on these methods to comply with certain national laws or for particular types of
buildings.
The surface area and volume indicators defined in this document are intended for practical use, as a
basis for measuring various aspects of the performance of buildings or as a planning aid. In other words,
they should enable judgement to be made on functional, technical and economic aspects of buildings.
This document is intended to be used when establishing
— specifications for the geometric performance of a building and its spaces (e.g. in design, purchasing
procedures, etc., or in building regulations where appropriate),
— technical documentation relating to the performance of whole buildings prepared by designers,
contractors and manufacturers,
— the amount of floor area that will not be effectively available for the placement of an individual’s
workplace, furniture, equipment, or for circulation, and
— evaluation, comparison or control of the properties of a building which are connected to its geometric
performance.
NOTE Although there are a variety of methods of area measurement around the world depending on the
country and/or types of buildings, all measuring methods are not necessarily of practical use because of inability
to identify real area (e.g. the wall centre method of measurement). Thus, this document specializes in the
measurement solely for practical use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6707-1, Building and civil engineering — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6707-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www
...


SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2018
6WDQGDUGL]DODVWQRVWLVWDYE'HILQLFLMDLQUDþXQDQMHLQGLNDWRUMHYSRYUãLQHLQ
SURVWRUQLQH
Performance standards in building -- Definition and calculation of area and space
indicators
Normes de performance dans le bâtiment -- Définition et calcul des indicateurs de
surface et de volume
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 9836:2017
ICS:
91.040.01 Stavbe na splošno Buildings in general
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9836
Third edition
2017-09
Performance standards in building —
Definition and calculation of area and
space indicators
Normes de performance dans le bâtiment — Définition et calcul des
indicateurs de surface et de volume
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Units . 3
5 Intra-muros calculation methods and list of indicators for geometric performance .3
5.1 Surface areas . 3
5.1.1 Calculation principles . 3
5.1.2 Covered area . 3
5.1.3 Total floor area . 3
5.1.4 Intra-muros area . 5
5.1.5 Net floor area . 5
5.1.6 Area of structural elements . 6
5.1.7 Usable area . 6
5.1.8 Services area . 7
5.1.9 Circulation area . 8
5.1.10 Building envelope area . 8
5.1.11 Effective and actual building loss area . 8
5.2 Volumes .15
5.2.1 Calculation principles .15
5.2.2 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed and
covered on all sides.17
5.2.3 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are not enclosed on
all sides up to their full height, but which are covered .17
5.2.4 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed by
components, but which are not covered .18
5.2.5 Net volume .18
5.2.6 Net volume above intra-muros area .18
5.2.7 Net volume above usable area .18
5.2.8 Net volume above services area .19
5.2.9 Net volume above circulation area .19
5.3 Examples of indicators .19
5.3.1 Surface area indicators .19
5.3.2 Space indicators.20
5.3.3 Area/volume indicators .21
5.4 Commentary .21
Annex A (informative) Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction .22
Bibliography .23
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 15, Framework for the description of housing performance.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9836:2011), of which it constitutes a
minor revision with the following changes plus other minor editorial modifications:
— in Figure 1, the intra-muros area has been changed;
— in 5.1.7.3, ISO 6241:1984, Tables 1 and 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016, Table B.1;
— in 5.4, ISO 6241:1984, Table 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016;
— in Bibliography, references have been added;
— in 5.1.11 g) and A.2, the decimal point expression has been corrected.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The surface area and volume indicators derived from measuring spaces in buildings can be used to
compare aspects of value, such as the proportion of space or volume which can be utilized functionally.
As approximate values for planning, they can be a basis for further developments.
Reference to surface area and volume indicators when assessing buildings, which either already exist or
which are in the planning stage, indirectly indicates certain economic characteristics of the buildings.
Thus, the relationship between the area taken up by the building and the usable area indicates whether
the building costs and materials have been used to their best advantage.
In the same way, the relationship between the area of the building envelope and the usable area shows
the extent to which basic savings have been made on the envelope and the running costs of the heating
and air conditioning systems.
As far as the determination of the economic performance of whole buildings is concerned, surface
area and volume indicators contain basic data for calculation and comparison of capital costs and for
running costs and maintenance. They give a basis for the minimization of running costs by limiting
the amount of space and the cost of individual materials. For example, if the area of the external walls
is small compared to the usable area, this would indicate not only relatively low energy costs but also
relatively low cleaning and maintenance costs for facades.
NOTE Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction are given in Annex A.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9836:2017(E)
Performance standards in building — Definition and
calculation of area and space indicators
1 Scope
This document specifies the definition and calculation of surface area and volume indicators.
In defining area measurement, this document uses three measurement concepts:
a) the intra-muros and extra-muros concept used in many parts of the world;
b) the wall centre method of measurement used in many parts of the world;
c) variations on these methods to comply with certain national laws or for particular types of
buildings.
The surface area and volume indicators defined in this document are intended for practical use, as a
basis for measuring various aspects of the performance of buildings or as a planning aid. In other words,
they should enable judgement to be made on functional, technical and economic aspects of buildings.
This document is intended to be used when establishing
— specifications for the geometric performance of a building and its spaces (e.g. in design, purchasing
procedures, etc., or in building regulations where appropriate),
— technical documentation relating to the performance of whole buildings prepared by designers,
contractors and manufacturers,
— the amount of floor area that will not be effectively available for the placement of an individual’s
workplace, furniture, equipment, or for circulation, and
— evaluation, comparison or control of the properties of a building which are connected to its geometric
performance.
NOTE Although there are a variety of methods of area measurement around the world depending on the
country and/or types of
...


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 9836
Third edition
2017-09
Performance standards in building —
Definition and calculation of area and
space indicators
Normes de performance dans le bâtiment — Définition et calcul des
indicateurs de surface et de volume
Reference number
©
ISO 2017
© ISO 2017, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Units . 3
5 Intra-muros calculation methods and list of indicators for geometric performance .3
5.1 Surface areas . 3
5.1.1 Calculation principles . 3
5.1.2 Covered area . 3
5.1.3 Total floor area . 3
5.1.4 Intra-muros area . 5
5.1.5 Net floor area . 5
5.1.6 Area of structural elements . 6
5.1.7 Usable area . 6
5.1.8 Services area . 7
5.1.9 Circulation area . 8
5.1.10 Building envelope area . 8
5.1.11 Effective and actual building loss area . 8
5.2 Volumes .15
5.2.1 Calculation principles .15
5.2.2 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed and
covered on all sides.17
5.2.3 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are not enclosed on
all sides up to their full height, but which are covered .17
5.2.4 Gross volume of buildings or parts of buildings which are enclosed by
components, but which are not covered .18
5.2.5 Net volume .18
5.2.6 Net volume above intra-muros area .18
5.2.7 Net volume above usable area .18
5.2.8 Net volume above services area .19
5.2.9 Net volume above circulation area .19
5.3 Examples of indicators .19
5.3.1 Surface area indicators .19
5.3.2 Space indicators.20
5.3.3 Area/volume indicators .21
5.4 Commentary .21
Annex A (informative) Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction .22
Bibliography .23
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 59, Buildings and civil engineering works,
Subcommittee SC 15, Framework for the description of housing performance.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 9836:2011), of which it constitutes a
minor revision with the following changes plus other minor editorial modifications:
— in Figure 1, the intra-muros area has been changed;
— in 5.1.7.3, ISO 6241:1984, Tables 1 and 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016, Table B.1;
— in 5.4, ISO 6241:1984, Table 2 has been changed to ISO 19208:2016;
— in Bibliography, references have been added;
— in 5.1.11 g) and A.2, the decimal point expression has been corrected.
iv © ISO 2017 – All rights reserved

Introduction
The surface area and volume indicators derived from measuring spaces in buildings can be used to
compare aspects of value, such as the proportion of space or volume which can be utilized functionally.
As approximate values for planning, they can be a basis for further developments.
Reference to surface area and volume indicators when assessing buildings, which either already exist or
which are in the planning stage, indirectly indicates certain economic characteristics of the buildings.
Thus, the relationship between the area taken up by the building and the usable area indicates whether
the building costs and materials have been used to their best advantage.
In the same way, the relationship between the area of the building envelope and the usable area shows
the extent to which basic savings have been made on the envelope and the running costs of the heating
and air conditioning systems.
As far as the determination of the economic performance of whole buildings is concerned, surface
area and volume indicators contain basic data for calculation and comparison of capital costs and for
running costs and maintenance. They give a basis for the minimization of running costs by limiting
the amount of space and the cost of individual materials. For example, if the area of the external walls
is small compared to the usable area, this would indicate not only relatively low energy costs but also
relatively low cleaning and maintenance costs for facades.
NOTE Examples of using building loss factors for a new construction are given in Annex A.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9836:2017(E)
Performance standards in building — Definition and
calculation of area and space indicators
1 Scope
This document specifies the definition and calculation of surface area and volume indicators.
In defining area measurement, this document uses three measurement concepts:
a) the intra-muros and extra-muros concept used in many parts of the world;
b) the wall centre method of measurement used in many parts of the world;
c) variations on these methods to comply with certain national laws or for particular types of
buildings.
The surface area and volume indicators defined in this document are intended for practical use, as a
basis for measuring various aspects of the performance of buildings or as a planning aid. In other words,
they should enable judgement to be made on functional, technical and economic aspects of buildings.
This document is intended to be used when establishing
— specifications for the geometric performance of a building and its spaces (e.g. in design, purchasing
procedures, etc., or in building regulations where appropriate),
— technical documentation relating to the performance of whole buildings prepared by designers,
contractors and manufacturers,
— the amount of floor area that will not be effectively available for the placement of an individual’s
workplace, furniture, equipment, or for circulation, and
— evaluation, comparison or control of the properties of a building which are connected to its geometric
performance.
NOTE Although there are a variety of methods of area measurement around the world depending on the
country and/or types of buildings, all measuring methods are not necessarily of practical use because of inability
to identify real area (e.g. the wall centre method of measurement). Thus, this document specializes in the
measurement solely for practical use.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 6707-1, Building and civil engineering — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 6707-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www
...


SLOVENSKI SIST ISO 9836
STANDARD marec 2018
Standardi za lastnosti stavb – Definicija in računanje indikatorjev
površine in prostornine
Performance standards in building – Definition and calculation of area and space
indicators
Normes de performance dans le bâtiment – Définition et calcul des indicateurs de
surface et de volume
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 91.040.01 SIST ISO 9836:2018 (sl)

Nadaljevanje na straneh od 2 do 27

© 2020-03. Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

SIST ISO 9836 : 2018
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST ISO 9836 (sl), Standardi za lastnosti stavb – Definicija in računanje indikatorjev površine
in prostornine, 2018, ima status slovenskega standarda in je istoveten mednarodnemu standardu ISO
9836 (en), Performance standards in building – Definition and calculation of area and space indicators,
2017.
Ta standard nadomešča SIST ISO 9836:2011.

NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Mednarodni standard ISO 9836:2017 je pripravil tehnični odbor ISO/TC 59 Stavbe in gradbeni inženirski
objekti. Slovenski standard SIST ISO 9836:2018 je prevod mednarodnega standarda ISO 9836:2017.
V primeru spora glede besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni mednarodni
standard v angleškem jeziku.
Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je februarja 2018 sprejel Strokovni svet za splošno področje
standardizacije.
ZVEZA S STANDARDI
S privzemom tega mednarodnega standarda veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:

SIST ISO 6707-1 Stavbe in gradbeni inženirski objekti – Slovar – 1. del: Splošni izrazi

OSNOVA ZA IZDAJO STANDARDA
– privzem standarda ISO 9836:2017

PREDHODNA IZDAJA
– standard SIST ISO 9836:2011

OPOMBI
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz "mednarodni standard", v SIST ISO 9836:2018
to pomeni "slovenski standard".

– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
SIST ISO 9836 : 2018
VSEBINA Stran
Predgovor . 4
Uvod . 5
1 Področje uporabe . 6
2 Zveze s standardi . 6
3 Izrazi in definicije . 6
4 Merske enote . 7
5 Načini računanja dimenzij med obodnimi stenami (intra muros) in seznam indikatorjev
geometrijskih lastnosti . 8
5.1 Površine . ………………………………….8
5.1.1 Načela računanja .8
5.1.2 Zazidana površina . 8
5.1.3 Bruto tlorisna površina . 8
5.1.4 Površina med obodnimi stenami (intra muros) . 10
5.1.5 Neto tlorisna površina . 10
5.1.6 Površina konstrukcijskih elementov . 11
5.1.7 Uporabna površina . 11
5.1.8 Tehnična površina . 12
5.1.9 Komunikacijska površina . 12
5.1.10 Površina ovoja stavbe . 12
5.1.11 Posledična nefunkcionalna in dejanska nefunkcionalna površina stavbe . 13
5.2 Prostornine . 20
5.2.1 Načela računanja . 20
5.2.2 Bruto prostornina stavb ali delov stavb, ki so omejeni na vseh straneh in v celoti pokriti . 21
5.2.3 Bruto prostornina stavb ali delov stavb, ki niso omejeni z vseh strani do polne višine,
so pa pokriti . 22
5.2.4 Bruto prostornina stavb ali delov stavb, ki so omejeni z elementi, niso pa pokriti . 22
5.2.5 Neto prostornina . 22
5.2.6 Neto prostornina nad površino med obodnimi stenami (intra muros) . 23
5.2.7 Neto prostornina nad uporabno površino . 23
5.2.8 Neto prostornina nad tehnično površino . 23
5.2.9 Neto prostornina nad komunikacijsko površino . 23
5.3 Primeri indikatorjev . 23
5.3.1 Indikatorji površine . 23
5.3.2 Indikatorji prostornine . 24
5.3.3 Indikatorji površine in prostornine . 25
5.4 Komentar . 25
Dodatek A (informativni): Primeri uporabe faktorjev nefunkcionalnih delov za novogradnjo . 26
Literatura . 27

SIST ISO 9836 : 2018
Predgovor
ISO (Mednarodna organizacija za standardizacijo) je svetovna zveza nacionalnih organov za standarde
(članov ISO). Mednarodne standarde po navadi pripravljajo tehnični odbori ISO. Vsak član, ki želi
delovati na določenem področju, za katero je bil ustanovljen tehnični odbor, ima pravico biti zastopan v
tem odboru. Pri delu sodelujejo mednarodne vladne in nevladne organizacije, povezane z ISO. V vseh
zadevah, ki so povezane s standardizacijo na področju elektrotehnike, ISO tesno sodeluje z
Mednarodno elektrotehniško komisijo (IEC).
Postopki, uporabljeni pri razvoju tega dokumenta, in predvideni postopki za njegovo vzdrževanje so
opisani v Direktivah ISO/IEC, 1. del. Posebna pozornost naj se nameni različnim kriterijem odobritve,
potrebnim za različne vrste dokumentov ISO. Ta dokument je bil pripravljen v skladu z uredniškimi
pravili Direktiv ISO/IEC, 2. del (glej www.iso.org/directives).
Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da je lahko nekaj elementov tega mednarodnega standarda predmet
patentnih pravic. ISO ne prevzema odgovornosti za ugotavljanje katerihkoli ali vseh takih patentnih
pravic. Podrobnosti o morebitnih patentnih pravicah, opredeljenih med pripravo tega dokumenta, bodo
navedene v uvodu in/ali na seznamu ISO s prejetimi patentnimi izjavami (glej www.iso.org/patents).
Morebitna trgovska imena, uporabljena v tem dokumentu, so informacije za uporabnike in ne pomenijo
podpore blagovni znamki.
Za razlago prostovoljne narave standardov, pomena specifičnih pojmov in izrazov ISO, povezanih z
ugotavljanjem skladnosti, ter informacij o tem, kako ISO spoštuje načela Svetovne trgovinske
organizacije (WTO) v tehničnih ovirah pri trgovanju (TBT), glej naslednji naslov URL:
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
Ta dokument je pripravil tehnični odbor ISO/TC 59 Stavbe in gradbeni inženirski objekti, pododbor SC
15 Ogrodje za opis lastnosti stanovanj.
Ta tretja izdaja razveljavlja in nadomešča drugo izdajo (ISO 9836:2011) ter vključuje manjše popravke
z naslednjimi spremembami in druge manjše uredniške spremembe:
̶ na sliki 1 je bila spremenjena površina med obodnimi stenami (intra muros);
̶ v točki 5.1.7.3 je bilo sklicevanje na preglednici 1 in 2 iz standarda ISO 6241:1984 spremenjeno v
sklicevanje na preglednico B.1 iz standarda ISO 19208:2016;
̶ v točki 5.4 je bilo sklicevanje na preglednico 2 iz standarda ISO 6241:1984 spremenjeno v
sklicevanje na standard ISO 19208:2016;
̶ v poglavju "Literatura" so bila dodana sklicevanja;
̶ v točkah 5.1.11 g) in A.2 je bil popravljen zapis decimalne vejice.
SIST ISO 9836 : 2018
Uvod
Indikatorji površine in prostornine, določeni z merjenjem prostora v stavbah, so lahko uporabljeni za
primerjavo vrednostnih značilnosti, kot je razmerje površine ali prostornine, ki je lahko funkcionalno
uporabljena. Kot približne vrednosti za načrtovanje so lahko podlaga za njihovo nadaljnjo uporabo.

Sklic na indikatorje površine in prostornine pri ocenjevanju stavb, že zgrajenih ali v fazi projektiranja,
posredno kaže na nekatere ekonomske značilnosti stavb. Razmerje med površino, ki jo pokriva stavba,
in uporabno površino zato kaže, ali so bili stroški gradnje in materiali najbolj gospodarno porabljeni.

Na enak način razmerje med površino ovoja stavbe in uporabno površino kaže na obseg osnovnih
prihrankov pri stroških ovoja in obseg tekočih stroškov sistemov za ogrevanje in hlajenje.

Za ugotavljanje ekonomičnosti celotnih stavb indikatorji površine in prostornine vsebujejo osnovne
podatke za računanje in primerjavo glavnih stroškov ter tekočih stroškov in stroškov vzdrževanja. Z
omejevanjem količine prostora in stroškov posameznih materialov dajejo podlago za minimiziranje
tekočih stroškov. Na primer, če je površina obodnih sten v primerjavi z uporabno površino majhna, to
kaže ne samo na relativno nizke stroške energije, ampak tudi na relativno nizke stroške čiščenja in
vzdrževanja fasade.
OPOMBA: Primeri uporabe faktorjev nefunkcionalnih delov novih konstrukcij so podani v dodatku A.

SIST ISO 9836 : 2019
Standardi za lastnosti stavb – Definicija in računanje indikatorjev površine in
prostornine
1  Področje uporabe
Ta dokument določa definicijo in računanje indikatorjev površine in prostornine.

Pri opredeljevanju merjenja površin ta dokument uporablja tri načine merjenja dimenzij:
a) merjenje med stenami (intra muros) in zunaj sten (extra muros), ki ga uporabljajo v številnih delih
sveta,
b) merjenje po oseh sten (sredini sten), ki ga uporabljajo v številnih delih sveta,
c) kombinacije teh dveh načinov, kot to določajo nacionalne zakonodaje ali so primerne za posebne
vrste stavb.
Indikatorji površine in prostornine, opredeljeni v tem dokumentu, so namenjeni praktični uporabi kot
podlaga za ocenjevanje različnih vidikov kakovosti stavb ali kot pomoč pri načrtovanju. Z drugimi
besedami, ti indikatorji naj bi omogočili presojo glede funkcionalnih, tehničnih in ekonomskih vidikov
stavb.
Ta mednarodni standard naj bi se uporabljal:
– pri določanju geometrijskih lastnosti stavbe in njenih prostorov (npr. pri projektiranju, prodajnih
postopkih itd. ali v gradbenih predpisih, če je to potrebno),
– v projektni dokumentaciji, ki se nanaša na lastnosti stavbe v celoti in ki jo pripravljajo projektanti,
izvajalci in proizvajalci,
– pri določanju tlorisne površine, ki dejansko ne bo na voljo za umestitev delovnega prostora
posameznika, pohištva, opreme ali za komunikacijo,
̶ pri vrednotenju, primerjavi ali kontroli lastnosti stavbe, povezanih z njenimi geometrijskimi lastnostmi.

OPOMBA: Čeprav, kot je navedeno zgoraj, je po svetu več različnih metod za merjenje površine, odvisno od države in/ali
vrste stavb, pa vse merske metode niso nujno praktično uporabne, ker z njimi ni mogoče prepoznati realne
površine (npr. merjenje po oseh sten). Ta mednarodni standard je torej specializiran samo za meritve za praktično
uporabo.
2 Zveze s standardi
Za uporabo tega standarda je nujno potreben naslednji navedeni dokument. Pri datiranih sklicevanjih
se uporablja zgolj navedena izdaja. Pri nedatiranih sklicevanjih se uporablja zadnja izdaja navedenega
dokumenta (vključno z dopolnili).

ISO 6707-1 Stavbe in gradbeni inženirski objekti – Slovar – 1. del: Splošni izrazi

3 Izrazi in definicije
V tem dokumentu se uporabljajo izrazi in definicije, ki so podani v standardu ISO 6707-1, in spodaj
navedeni.
ISO in IEC vzdržujeta terminološke zbirke za uporabo v standardizaciji na naslednjih naslovih:

̶ IEC Electropedia: dostopno na: http://www.electropedia.org/

̶ spletna platforma za brskanje ISO: dostopno na: http://www.iso.org/obp

SIST ISO 9836 : 2018
3.1
indikator površine
količina posameznih vrst površine (npr. uporabna površina) in razmerje med različnimi vrstami površine
(npr. zazidana površina/uporabna površina)

3.2
indikator prostornine
obseg posameznih vrst prostornine (npr. neto prostornina) in razmerje med različ
...

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