SIST EN ISO 11148-8:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-februar-2012
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 792-8:2001+A1:2008
1HHOHNWULþQDURþQDRURGMD9DUQRVWQH]DKWHYHGHO%UXVLOQLNLLQSROLUQLNL,62

Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part 8: Sanders and polishers
(ISO 11148-8:2011)
Handgehaltene nichtelektrisch betriebene Maschinen Sicherheitsanforderungen Teil 8:
Schleifmaschinen für Schleifblätter und Polierer (ISO 11148-8:2011)
Machines portatives à moteur non électrique - Exigences de sécurité - Partie 8:
Polisseuses-lustreuses et ponceuses (ISO 11148-8:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11148-8:2011
ICS:
25.140.10 3QHYPDWLþQDRURGMD Pneumatic tools
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 11148-8
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2011
ICS 25.140.10 Supersedes EN 792-8:2001+A1:2008
English Version
Hand-held non-electric power tools - Safety requirements - Part
8: Sanders and polishers (ISO 11148-8:2011)
Machines portatives à moteur non électrique - Exigences Handgehaltene nicht elektrisch betriebene Maschinen -
de sécurité - Partie 8: Polisseuses-lustreuses et ponceuses Sicherheitsanforderungen - Teil 8: Schleifmaschinen für
(ISO 11148-8:2011) Schleifblätter und Polierer (ISO 11148-8:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 November 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.

EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11148-8:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
Foreword .3
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC .4

Foreword
This document (EN ISO 11148-8:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118
"Compressors and pneumatic tools, machines and equipment" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 255 “Hand-held, non-electric power tools - Safety” the secretariat of which is held by SIS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2012.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 792-8:2001+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive.
For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 11148-8:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 11148-8:2011 without any
modification.
Annex ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to Essential Requirements of the
New Approach Directive 2006/42/EC on machinery.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive and has been
implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State, compliance with the clauses of this
standard confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the
corresponding Essential Requirements of that Directive except ER 1.5.7 and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING — Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s) falling
within the scope of this standard.

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11148-8
First edition
2011-12-01
Hand-held non-electric power tools —
Safety requirements —
Part 8:
Sanders and polishers
Machines portatives à moteur non électrique — Exigences de
sécurité —
Partie 8: Polisseuses-lustreuses et ponceuses

Reference number
ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011
ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
©  ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56  CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 2
3  Terms and definitions . 2
3.1  General terms and definitions . 2
3.2  Terms and definitions related to sanders and polishers . 4
4  Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 4
4.1  General . 4
4.2  Mechanical safety . 5
4.3  Thermal safety . 6
4.4  Noise reduction . 6
4.5  Vibration . 7
4.6  Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted . 7
4.7  Ergonomics . 7
4.8  Controls . 8
5  Verification . 9
5.1  General conditions for tests . 9
5.2  Noise . 9
5.3  Vibration . 9
5.4  Unintentional start . 9
5.5  Power tool construction . 9
5.6  Structure of verification . 9
6  Information for use . 10
6.1  Marking, signs and written warnings . 10
6.2  Instruction handbook . 11
6.3  Operating instructions . 16
6.4  Data . 16
6.5  Maintenance instructions . 17
Annex A (informative) List of significant hazards . 18
Annex B (informative) Examples of sanders and polishers covered by this part of ISO 11148 . 20
Annex C (normative) Symbols for labels and signs . 21
Annex D (informative) Examples of abrasive products for use with polishers and sanders . 22
Bibliography . 23

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 11148-8 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 118, Compressors and pneumatic tools,
machines and equipment, Subcommittee SC 3, Pneumatic tools and machines.
ISO 11148 consists of the following parts, under the general title Hand-held non-electric power tools — Safety
requirements:
 Part 1: Assembly power tools for non-threaded mechanical fasteners
 Part 2: Cutting-off and crimping power tools
 Part 3: Drills and tappers
 Part 4: Non-rotary percussive power tools
 Part 5: Rotary percussive drills
 Part 6: Assembly power tools for threaded fasteners
 Part 7: Grinders
 Part 8: Sanders and polishers
 Part 9: Die grinders
 Part 10: Compression power tools
 Part 11: Nibblers and shears
 Part 12: Circular, oscillating and reciprocating saws
A part 13, dealing with fastener driving tools, is under preparation.
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in ISO 12100.
The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are
defined in the Scope of this part of ISO 11148.
When requirements of this type-C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or -B standards,
the requirements of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of other standards for
machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard.
ISO 11148 consists of a number of independent parts for individual types of hand-held non-electric power
tools.
Certain parts of ISO 11148 cover hand-held non-electric power tools driven by internal combustion engines
powered by gaseous or liquid fuel. In these parts, the safety aspects relating to internal combustion engines
are found in a normative annex.
The parts are type-C standards and refer to pertinent standards of type A and B where such standards are
applicable.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11148-8:2011(E)

Hand-held non-electric power tools — Safety requirements —
Part 8:
Sanders and polishers
IMPORTANT — The colours represented in the electronic file of this document can be neither viewed
on screen nor printed as true representations. For the purposes of colour matching, see ISO 3864-4,
which provides colorimetric and photometric properties together with, as a guideline, references from
colour order systems.
1 Scope
This part of ISO 11148 specifies safety requirements for hand-held non-electric power tools (hereinafter
“sanders and polishers”) intended for polishing and sanding with all types of movement, e.g. rotary, orbital and
reciprocating, using coated abrasive products, bonnets of various soft materials and endless belts. The
sanders and polishers can be powered by compressed air, hydraulic fluid or internal combustion engines and
are intended to be used by one operator and supported by the operator's hand or hands, with or without a
suspension, e.g. a balancer.
NOTE 1 At the time of publication, no sanders and polishers driven by internal combustion engines are known. Once
these are identified, it is intended to amend this part of ISO 11148 to include such power tools.
This part of ISO 11148 is applicable to:
 belt sanders;
 orbital sanders;
 polishers;
 random orbital sanders;
 rotary sanders;
 straight-line sanders.
NOTE 2 For examples of sanders and polishers, see Annex B.
This part of ISO 11148 is not applicable to special requirements and modifications of sanders and polishers
for the purpose of mounting them in a fixture.
This part of ISO 11148 deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to
sanders and polishers when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably
foreseeable by the manufacturer, with the exception of the use of sanders and polishers in potentially
explosive atmospheres.
NOTE 3 EN 13463-1 gives requirements for non-electrical equipment for potentially explosive atmospheres.
ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3857-3, Compressors, pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary — Part 3: Pneumatic tools and
machines
ISO 5391, Pneumatic tools and machines — Vocabulary
ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
ISO 13732-1, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to
contact with surfaces — Part 1: Hot surfaces
ISO 13732-3, Ergonomics of the thermal environment — Methods for the assessment of human responses to
contact with surfaces — Part 3: Cold surfaces
ISO 15744, Hand-held non-electric power tools — Noise measurement code — Engineering method (grade 2)
ISO 17066, Hydraulic tools — Vocabulary
ISO 28927-3, Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission — Part 3:
Polishers and rotary, orbital and random orbital sanders
ISO 28927-10, Hand-held portable power tools — Test methods for evaluation of vibration emission —
Part 10: Percussive drills, hammers and breakers
EN 12096, Mechanical vibration — Declaration and verification of vibration emission values
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3857-3, ISO 5391, ISO 12100 and
ISO 17066 (for hydraulic tools) and the following apply.
3.1 General terms and definitions
3.1.1
hand-held power tool
machine operated by one or two hands and driven by rotary or linear motors powered by compressed air,
hydraulic fluid, gaseous or liquid fuel, electricity or stored energy (e.g. by a spring) to do mechanical work and
so designed that the motor and the mechanism form an assembly that can easily be brought to its place of
operation
NOTE Hand-held power tools driven by compressed air or gas are called pneumatic tools (or air tools). Hand-held
power tools driven by hydraulic liquid are called hydraulic tools.
3.1.2
inserted tool
tool inserted in the sander or polisher to perform the intended work
3.1.3
service tool
tool for performing maintenance or service on the sander or polisher
3.1.4
control device
device to start and stop the sander or polisher or to change the direction of the rotation or to control the
functional characteristics, such as speed and power
2 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
3.1.5
start-and-stop device
throttle
manually operated control on the sander or polisher by which the energy supply to the motor can be turned on
and off
3.1.6
hold-to-run start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle
start-and-stop device which automatically returns to the OFF position when force on the start-and-stop device
actuator is released
3.1.7
lock-on start-and-stop device
constant pressure throttle with instant release lock
hold-to-run start-and-stop device which can be locked in the ON position and which is designed so that it
permits the sander or polisher to be turned off by a single motion of the same finger or fingers used to turn it
on
3.1.8
lock-off start-and-stop device
lock-off throttle
start-and-stop device that automatically latches in the OFF position when the actuator is released and where
two motions are required to energize the sander or polisher
3.1.9
positive on-off start-and-stop device
positive on-off throttle
start-and-stop device that remains in the ON position until it is manually changed
3.1.10
maximum operating pressure
maximum pressure at which a sander or polisher may be operated
3.1.11
whip hose
air hose connecting the main air hose with an air tool for the purpose of providing more flexibility
3.1.12
rated air pressure
air pressure, required at an air tool inlet port to ensure rated performance of the tool, also considered the
maximum pressure at which the tool may be operated
3.1.13 Rated speed
3.1.13.1
rated speed
pneumatic tool speed of an air tool at no load and rated air pressure at the tool inlet port
NOTE The rated speed is expressed in revolutions per minute.
3.1.13.2
rated speed
hydraulic tool nominal speed of a hydraulic tool at no load and rated flow at the tool inlet port
NOTE The rated speed is expressed in revolutions per minute.
ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
3.1.14
maximum attainable speed
maximum speed which the tool can achieve under the most adverse condition of possible maladjustment or
malfunction of its speed control devices, when supplied with compressed air at the pressure marked on the
sander or polisher
3.1.15
suspension device
device, which is attached to the tool, whose primary purpose is to reduce the strain on the operator caused by
the weight of the tool
NOTE The device can also have a secondary purpose of transmitting a reaction torque.
3.2 Terms and definitions related to sanders and polishers
3.2.1
sander
pneumatic tool with rotary, orbital, random orbital or reciprocating motion for sanding, equipped with a flexible
pad fitted with a coated abrasive product, such as a fibre disc or abrasive paper
3.2.2
belt sander
sander driving an endless belt, coated with abrasive material
3.2.3
orbital sander
sander driving a rectangular pad in an orbital motion
3.2.4
random orbital sander
sander driving a rotating round pad in an orbital motion allowing free rotation
3.2.5
rotary sander
sander driving a circular flexible pad in a simple rotating motion
3.2.6
straight-line sander
sander driving a rectangular pad in an alternating motion
NOTE A straight-line sander is also called a reciprocating sander.
3.2.7
polisher
power tool, fitted with a flexible pad and various soft materials or a felt pad, for polishing surfaces
NOTE A polisher is often a modified sander.
4 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
4.1 General
The machine shall comply with the following safety requirements and/or protective measures and be verified
in accordance with Clause 5. In addition, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles of
ISO 12100 for relevant, but not necessarily significant, hazards, which are not dealt with by this part of
ISO 11148.
4 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
The measures adopted to comply with the requirements of Clause 4 shall take account of the state-of-the-art.
It is recognized that optimizing the design with respect to some safety measures can result in a degradation of
performance against other safety requirements. In such cases, it is required to strike a balance between the
various requirements in order to achieve a sander or polisher design that satisfies each requirement, so far as
is reasonably practicable, and remains fit for purpose.
4.2 Mechanical safety
4.2.1 Surfaces, edges and corners
Accessible parts of the sanders and polishers, except the inserted tool, shall not have sharp edges or angles
or rough or abrasive surfaces; see ISO 12100:2010, 6.2.2.1.
4.2.2 Supporting surface and stability
The sander or polisher shall be so designed that it can be laid aside and remain in a stable position on a plane
surface.
4.2.3 Run-down time
The run-down time, after the stop command has been given, shall be as short as possible.
4.2.4 Hydraulic fluid ejection
Hydraulic systems of the sander or polisher shall be enclosed so as to provide protection from high-pressure
fluid ejection.
4.2.5 Speed control
The rated speed of a rotary or belt sander or polisher shall not be exceeded under the conditions marked on
the sander or polisher. The operating speed of a rotary or belt sander shall never exceed the maximum
operating speed of accessories, such as a backing pad. It shall be possible to measure rotational speed by a
tachometer.
The speed control device of a rotary sander (where fitted) shall be designed to prevent incorrect assembly.
The speed control device shall be manufactured of non-corrodible material.
The maximum operating speed marked on backing pads and drums shall equal or exceed the rated speed
marked on the sander or polisher.
4.2.6 Power tool construction
The sander or polisher shall be so designed and constructed as to prevent the loosening or loss of
components during expected use, including rough handling and occasional dropping, which can compromise
its safety functions. Verification shall be carried out in accordance with 5.5.
4.2.7 Distance between moving and fixed parts
Polishers and sanders shall be designed so as not to allow fingers to be caught between the moving and fixed
parts.
4.2.8 Position of handles
The handles shall be so shaped and located as to minimize the risk of inadvertent contact of the operator's
hand with the rotating abrasive tool. Recommendations are given in ISO 13854.
ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
4.2.9 Guards
Portable belt sanding machines shall be provided with guarding on one side at the nip point where the sanding
belt runs into a pulley.
The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded on one side and at the rear.
4.2.10 Backing pads and drums
Backing pads and drums for rotary sanders shall be capable of withstanding free rotational speeds of 120 %
of the maximum operating speed and shall be capable of withstanding the heat generated in use. The
manufacturer shall ensure that the material for the pad is suitable.
4.3 Thermal safety
Surface temperatures of parts of the sander or polisher which are held during use or which can be
inadvertently touched shall follow the provisions of ISO 13732-1 and ISO 13732-3.
Pneumatic tools shall be designed to minimize the cooling effects of exhaust air on the handles and other
gripping zones.
4.4 Noise reduction
The sander or polisher shall be designed and constructed so that the emission of noise is reduced to the
lowest level, taking account of technical progress and the availability of means of reducing noise, in particular
at the source. Principles for designing sanders and polishers with reduced noise emission are contained in
ISO/TR 11688-1 and ISO/TR 11688-2.
The noise emission from using sanders and polishers has three main sources:
 the sander or polisher itself;
 the inserted tool;
 the workpiece.
NOTE Generally, the noise emitted due to the characteristics of the workpiece cannot be controlled directly by the
manufacturer of the sander or polisher.
Typical sources of noise emitted by the sander or polisher itself are
a) the motor and drive mechanism,
b) the exhaust air or gases, and
c) vibration or impact-induced noise.
Where the exhaust air or gases are the major contributor to the noise, means to reduce the noise, for example
a silencer or equivalent means, shall be included in the design.
Alternatively, where practicable, the exhaust air or gases may be piped away from the operator in a hose.
Vibration-induced noise can often be reduced by vibration isolation and damping.
This list is not exhaustive; where alternative technical measures for noise reduction, with greater efficiency,
are available, they should be used by the manufacturer.
6 © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

ISO 11148-8:2011(E)
4.5 Vibration
The sander or polisher shall be designed and constructed so that the vibration is reduced to the lowest level at
the handles and at any other parts of the tool in contact with the operator's hands, taking account of technical
progress and the availability of means of reducing vibration, in particular at source. Principles for designing
sanders and polishers with reduced vibration emission are contained in CR 1030-1.
Typical sources of vibration emitted by a sander or polisher are
 imbalance of rotating parts,
 poorly designed motors and gears, and
 resonances in the structure of the machine, particularly the handles and their mounts.
The following design features have been found to be effective and should be considered by manufacturers
when designing sanders or polishers:
a) autobalancers;
b) increasing inertia;
c) isolated casing or handles.
This list is not exhaustive; where alternative technical measures for vibration reduction, with greater efficiency,
are available, they should be used by the manufacturer.
4.6 Materials and substances processed, used or exhausted
4.6.1 Exhaust air or gas
Sanders and polishers driven with compressed air or gas shall be designed in such a way that exhaust air or
gases are directed so as not to cause a hazard to the operator and so that any other effects, such as blowing
dust and reflected air or gas from the workpiece on to the operator, are minimized.
4.6.2 Dust and fumes
So far as is reasonably practicable, the sander or polisher shall be designed to facilitate the collection and
removal or suppression of airborne dust particles and fumes generated by the work process. The instruction
handbook shall include sufficient information to enable adequate control of the risks from dust and fumes.
4.6.3 Lubricants
When specifying lubricants, the manufacturer shall take environmental and occupational health aspects into
account.
4.7 Ergonomics
4.7.1 Design of the handle
Gripping areas of the sanders and polishers shall be designed to provide convenient, effective means for the
operator to exercise full contro
...